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EC number: 947-115-0 | CAS number: -
- Life Cycle description
- Uses advised against
- Endpoint summary
- Appearance / physical state / colour
- Melting point / freezing point
- Boiling point
- Density
- Particle size distribution (Granulometry)
- Vapour pressure
- Partition coefficient
- Water solubility
- Solubility in organic solvents / fat solubility
- Surface tension
- Flash point
- Auto flammability
- Flammability
- Explosiveness
- Oxidising properties
- Oxidation reduction potential
- Stability in organic solvents and identity of relevant degradation products
- Storage stability and reactivity towards container material
- Stability: thermal, sunlight, metals
- pH
- Dissociation constant
- Viscosity
- Additional physico-chemical information
- Additional physico-chemical properties of nanomaterials
- Nanomaterial agglomeration / aggregation
- Nanomaterial crystalline phase
- Nanomaterial crystallite and grain size
- Nanomaterial aspect ratio / shape
- Nanomaterial specific surface area
- Nanomaterial Zeta potential
- Nanomaterial surface chemistry
- Nanomaterial dustiness
- Nanomaterial porosity
- Nanomaterial pour density
- Nanomaterial photocatalytic activity
- Nanomaterial radical formation potential
- Nanomaterial catalytic activity
- Endpoint summary
- Stability
- Biodegradation
- Bioaccumulation
- Transport and distribution
- Environmental data
- Additional information on environmental fate and behaviour
- Ecotoxicological Summary
- Aquatic toxicity
- Endpoint summary
- Short-term toxicity to fish
- Long-term toxicity to fish
- Short-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Long-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Toxicity to aquatic algae and cyanobacteria
- Toxicity to aquatic plants other than algae
- Toxicity to microorganisms
- Endocrine disrupter testing in aquatic vertebrates – in vivo
- Toxicity to other aquatic organisms
- Sediment toxicity
- Terrestrial toxicity
- Biological effects monitoring
- Biotransformation and kinetics
- Additional ecotoxological information
- Toxicological Summary
- Toxicokinetics, metabolism and distribution
- Acute Toxicity
- Irritation / corrosion
- Sensitisation
- Repeated dose toxicity
- Genetic toxicity
- Carcinogenicity
- Toxicity to reproduction
- Specific investigations
- Exposure related observations in humans
- Toxic effects on livestock and pets
- Additional toxicological data
Genetic toxicity: in vitro
Administrative data
- Endpoint:
- in vitro cytogenicity / chromosome aberration study in mammalian cells
- Remarks:
- Type of genotoxicity: chromosome aberration
- Type of information:
- experimental study
- Adequacy of study:
- key study
- Study period:
- 1995-05-22 to 1995-10-26
- Reliability:
- 1 (reliable without restriction)
- Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:
- guideline study
- Remarks:
- The study was conducted at a concentration of ca. 39.5 % test substance in an aqueous solution but limit dose of 10 mM was achieved.
Data source
Reference
- Reference Type:
- study report
- Title:
- Unnamed
- Year:
- 1 996
- Report date:
- 1996
Materials and methods
Test guidelineopen allclose all
- Qualifier:
- according to guideline
- Guideline:
- OECD Guideline 473 (In Vitro Mammalian Chromosome Aberration Test)
- Version / remarks:
- May 1983/Draft September 1995
- Deviations:
- no
- Qualifier:
- according to guideline
- Guideline:
- EU Method B.10 (Mutagenicity - In Vitro Mammalian Chromosome Aberration Test)
- Version / remarks:
- December 1992
- Deviations:
- no
- Qualifier:
- according to guideline
- Guideline:
- EPA OTS 798.5375 (In Vitro Mammalian Chromosome Aberration)
- Version / remarks:
- May 1987
- Deviations:
- no
- GLP compliance:
- yes (incl. QA statement)
- Remarks:
- testing lab.
- Type of assay:
- in vitro mammalian chromosome aberration test
Test material
- Reference substance name:
- Reaction mass of Disodium (sulphonatothio)acetate and sodium chloride
- EC Number:
- 947-115-0
- Molecular formula:
- C2H2Na2O5S2.NaCl
- IUPAC Name:
- Reaction mass of Disodium (sulphonatothio)acetate and sodium chloride
- Test material form:
- liquid
- Details on test material:
- Purity of Reaction mass of Disodium (sulphonatothio)acetate and Sodium chloride: ca. 39.5 %
Rest: ca. 60.5 % (water and impurities)
Constituent 1
- Specific details on test material used for the study:
- SOURCE OF TEST MATERIAL
- ot/batch No.of test material: 80-9159
STABILITY AND STORAGE CONDITIONS OF TEST MATERIAL
- Storage condition of test material: at room temperature
Method
Species / strain
- Species / strain / cell type:
- Chinese hamster lung fibroblasts (V79)
- Details on mammalian cell type (if applicable):
- CELL LINE, STORAGE
The V79 cell line derived from the Chinese hamster has a
- high proliferation rate (doubling time of about 12 - 16 hours)
- high plating efficiency (>= 90 %)
- stable karyotype (modal number of 22 chromosomes).
Stocks of the V79 cell line (1 mL portions) were maintained at -196 °C in liquid nitrogen using 7 % DMSO in culture medium as a cryoprotectant. Each batch used for the cytogenetic experiments was checked for
- mycoplasma contamination
- karyotype stability
- plating efficiency (incl. vital staining).
Deep-frozen cell suspensions were thawn at 37 °C in a water bath, and volumes of 0.5 mL were transferred into 25 cm2 plastic flasks containing about 5.0 mL MEM (minimal essential medium incl. glutamine), supplemented with 10% FCS (fetal calf serum) and antibiotics. Cells were grown with 5 % CO2 at 37 °C and >= 90% humidity and subcultured twice weekly. Cell monolayers were suspended in culture medium after dispersion with 2.5 % trypsin solution (about 0.1 mL).
- Metabolic activation:
- with and without
- Metabolic activation system:
- Aroclor 1254-induced rat liver S-9 fraction
- Test concentrations with justification for top dose:
- 1st experiment: without S-9 mix 0, 500, 1000, 2000 µg/mL (i.e. 0, 197.5, 395, 790 µg/ml of active compund); with S-9 mix 0, 3500, 5000, 6500 µg/mL (i.e. 0, 1382.5, 1975, 2567.5 µg/ml of active compund)
2nd experiment: without S-9 mix, 18 hours harvest time: 0, 500, 1000, 2000 µg/mL (i.e. 0, 197.5, 395, 790 µg/ml of active compund); with S-9 mix, 18 hours harvest time 0, 3500, 5000, 6500 µg/mL (i.e. 0, 1382.5, 1975, 2567.5 µg/ml of active compund);without S-9 mix, 28 hours harvest time 0, 2000, 3000 µg/mL; (i.e. 0, 790, 1382.5, µg/ml of active compund) with S-9 mix; 28 hours harvest time 0, 5000, 6500 µg/mL (i.e. 1975, 2567.5 µg/ml of active compund)
3rd experiment: without S-9 mix 0, 1000, 2000, 3000 µg/mL (i.e. 0, 395, 790, 1185 µg/ml of active compund); with S-9 mix 0, 6000, 7000 µg/mL (i.e. 0, 2370, 2765, µg/ml of active compund) - Vehicle / solvent:
- Due to the good solubility of the test substance in water, the aqueous culture medium (MEM) was selected as the vehicle.
Controlsopen allclose all
- Untreated negative controls:
- yes
- Negative solvent / vehicle controls:
- yes
- True negative controls:
- no
- Positive controls:
- yes
- Positive control substance:
- ethylmethanesulphonate
- Remarks:
- without metabolic activation (S-9 mix)
- Untreated negative controls:
- yes
- Negative solvent / vehicle controls:
- yes
- True negative controls:
- no
- Positive controls:
- yes
- Positive control substance:
- ethylmethanesulphonate
- Remarks:
- with metabolic activation (S-9 mix)
- Details on test system and experimental conditions:
- DOSES PER EXPERIMENT
- 1st experiment
The following doses were selected for the 1st experiment using an exposure time of 4 hours with S-9 mix and of 18 hours without S-9 mix:
Doses without S-9 mix; 18 hours harvest time
250 µg/mL aqueous test substance = 98.75 µg/mL active component
500 µg/mL aqueous test substance = 197.5 µg/mL active component
1000 µg/mL aqueous test substance = 395 µg/mL active component
2000 µg/mL aqueous test substance = 790 µg/mL active component
5000 µg/mL aqueous test substance = 1970 µg/mL active component
Doses with S-9 mix; 18 hours harvest time
2000 µg/mL aqueous test substance = 790 µg/mL active component
3500 µg/mL aqueous test substance = 1382.5 µg/mL active component
5000 µg/mL aqueous test substance = 1970 µg/mL active component
6500 µg/mL aqueous test substance = 2567.5 µg/mL active component
In general, depending on the toxicity actually found three dose levels were assessed.
- 2nd experiment
The following doses were selected for the 2nd experiment again with an exposure time of 4 hours using S-9 mix and with a continuous treatment of
18 hours without S-9 mix:
Doses without S-9 mix; 18 hours harvest time
500 µg/mL aqueous test substance = 197.5 µg/mL active component
1000 µg/mL aqueous test substance = 395 µg/mL active component
2000 µg/mL aqueous test substance = 790 µg/mL active component
3000 µg/mL aqueous test substance = 1185 µg/mL active component
Doses without S-9 mix; 28 hours harvest time
2000 µg/mL aqueous test substance = 790 µg/mL active component
3000 µg/mL aqueous test substance = 1185 µg/mL active component
Doses with S-9 mix; 18 hours harvest time
3500 µg/mL aqueous test substance = 1382.5 µg/mL active component
5000 µg/mL aqueous test substance = 1970 µg/mL active component
6500 µg/mL aqueous test substance = 2567.5 µg/mL active component
Doses with S-98 mix; 28 hours harvest time
5000 µg/mL aqueous test substance = 1970 µg/mL active component
6500 µg/mL aqueous test substance = 2567.5 µg/mL active component
This selection was based on the findings from the 1st cytogenetic experiment. Again, three dose levels were assessed at a sampling time of 18 hours. At the additional later harvest time of 28 hours two doses were evaluated both with and without metabolic activation.
- 3rd experiment
The following doses were selected for the 3rd experiment with an exposure time of 4 hours with S-9 mix and with a continuous treatment of 18 hours
without S-9 mix:
Doses without S-9 mix; 28 hours harvest time
1000 µg/mL aqueous test substance = 395 µg/mL active component
2000 µg/mL aqueous test substance = 790 µg/mL active component
3000 µg/mL aqueous test substance = 1185 µg/mL active component
4000 µg/mL aqueous test substance = 1580 µg/mL active component
Doses with S-9 mix; 28 hours harvest time
4000 µg/mL aqueous test substance = 1580 µg/mL active component
5000 µg/mL aqueous test substance =1970 µg/mL active component
6000 µg/mL aqueous test substance = 2370 µg/mL active component
7000 µg/mL aqueous test substance = 2765 µg/mL active component
This selection was based on the findings from the 2nd experiment. Two doses with metabolic activation and 3 doses without S-9 mix were evaluated.
CELL CYCLE TIME
The cell cycle of the untreated V79 cells lasted for about 13 - 14 hours [last measurement based on the BrdU method of SPEIT, G. et al.: December 1995] under the selected culture conditions. Thus, the selected 1st sampling time of 18 hours was within the 1 - 1.5 x the normal cell cycle time, as recommended in an "EEC Guidance Note - The practical interpretation of Ames V Test Method B 10, the in vitro mammalian cell cytogenetic test".
The later sampling time of 28 hours was chosen to cover a possible cell cycle delay.
SAMPLING TIMES
Chromosomal aberrations were generally analyzed in the first metaphase after they had formed to avoid loss during mitoses or conversion of the initial aberrations into more complex derivatives during subsequent cell cycles. Since aberrations are induced by the majority of chemical clastogens during DNA replication, the harvest time must allow cells to progress through the 5-phase after treatment to convert initial DNA damage
into chromosome alterations visible at mitosis. Since V79 cells are asynchronous and different chemicals may affect different stages of the cell
cycle, more than one sampling time is necessary. Furthermore, mitotic delay may result from clastogen exposure and thus considerably delay the first post-treatment mitosis. Thus, samples were taken at 18 hours and 28 hours after the beginning of a 4-hour treatment (with S-9 mix) or of an 18-hour treatment (without S-9 mix) covering the intervals at which maximum aberration frequencies were expected.
TREATMENT OF TEST CULTURES
About 24 - 30 hours after seeding and incubating the cells, the medium was replaced by fresh medium. The test article, dissolved in 1 mL serum-free medium (4-hour treatment) or in medium with FCS (18-hour treatment), was added to the culture medium with or without 1 mL S-9 mix. Concurrent negative and positive controls were tested in parallel. After incubation (5 % CO2, 37 °C and >= 90 % humidity) for 4 hours with S-9 mix the serum-free medium was replaced by MEM supplemented with 10 % FCS after being rinsed twice with Hanks' balanced salt solution (HBSS). Subsequently, the Quadriperm dishes were incubated again for another 14 hours or 24 hours until the cells were harvested. In the experiments without S-9 mix, cells were treated for 18 hours in culture medium supplemented with 10 % FCS.
CELL HARVEST AND PREPARATION OF METAPHASE SPREADS
The cells were prepared based on the methods described by SCHMID, W. and SPEIT, G. and S. HAUPTER.
- 2 - 3 hours prior to harvesting the cells, 0.2 µg colcemid/mL culture medium (= 1 µg colcemid dissolved in 0.1 mL PBS/culture) was added to each
chamber in order to arrest mitosis in the metaphase.
- After incubation at 37 °C, the culture medium was completely removed.
- For hypotonic treatment, 5 mL of a 0.4 % KCl solution which was at 37 °C was added for about 20 minutes.
- Subsequently, 5 mL of fixative (methanol : glacial acetic acid/3 : 1) which was at 4 °C was added and kept for at least 15 minutes and then replaced.
After about another 10 minutes, the fixative was replaced again and kept for at least 5 minutes at room temperature for complete fixation.
- The slides were taken out of the Quadriperm chambers, briefly dripped off and then rapidly passed through a Bunsen burner flame.
- The preparations were dried in the air and subsequently stained in a solution of Giemsa and Titrisol (15 mL Giemsa, 185 mL Titrisol pH 7.2) for 10 minutes.
- After being rinsed twice in purified water and clarified in xylene, the preparations were mounted in Corbit-Balsam.
CHROMOSOME ANALYSIS
As a rule, the first 100 consecutive well-spread metaphases of each culture were counted for all test groups, and if cells had 20 - 22 chromosomes, they were analyzed for structural chromosome aberrations. Numerical chromosome aberrations were also recorded. lf there is a clear increase in chromosomally damaged cells the number of metaphases to be analyzed is reduced from the planned 200 mitoses/test group.
MITOTIC INDEX
A mitotic index based on 1000 cells/culture was determined for all test groups.
CELL COUNTS
For the determination of cytotoxicity, additional cell cultures (using 25 cm2 plastic flasks) were treated in the same way as in the main experiment. Growth inhibition was estimated by counting the number of cells in the dose groups in comparison with the concurrent vehicle control at the end of the
culture period using a counting chamber.
CELL MORPHOLOGY
About 3 hours after test substance treatment cultures of all test groups were checked for cell morphology, which is an indication of attachment of the cells to the slides.
TREATMENT CONDITIONS
pH values and osmolality were measured. The solubility of the test substance in the vehicle used and in the aqueous culture medium about 3 hours after treatment was checked to ensure proper culturing and to avoid extreme treatment conditions. - Evaluation criteria:
- The test chemical is to be considered positive in this assay if the following criteria are met:
- A dose-related and reproducible significant increase in the number of structural chromosomal aberrations.
- The proportion of aberrations exceeded both the concurrent negative control range and the negative historical control range.
A test substance is generally considered nonclastogenic in this test system if:
- There was no significant increase in the number of chromosomally damaged cells at any dose above concurrent control frequencies.
- The aberration frequencies were within the historical control range. - Statistics:
- The statistical evaluation of the data was carried out using the MUCHIAN program System (BASF AG). The proportion of metaphases with aberrations was calculated for each group. A comparison of each dose group with the vehicle control group was carried out using Fisher's exact test for the hypothesis of equal proportions. This test was Bonferroni-Holm corrected versus the dose groups separately for each time and was performed one-sided.
Results and discussion
Test results
- Key result
- Species / strain:
- Chinese hamster lung fibroblasts (V79)
- Metabolic activation:
- without
- Genotoxicity:
- other: slight but statistically significant and dose-dependent increase in the number of structurally aberrant metaphases incl. and excl. gaps after a sampling time of 28 hours in two experiments independent of each other
- Cytotoxicity / choice of top concentrations:
- cytotoxicity
- Vehicle controls validity:
- valid
- Untreated negative controls validity:
- valid
- Positive controls validity:
- valid
- Additional information on results:
- Both of the positive control chemicals, i.e. EMS and cyclophosphamide, led to the expected increase in the number of cells containing structural chromosomal aberrations. According to the results of the present study, the test substance caused a slight but statistically significant and dose-dependent increase in the number of structurally aberrant metaphases incl. and excl. gaps after a sampling time of 28 hours without S-9 mix in two experiments independent of each other.
Thus, under the experimental conditions of this assay, the test substance is considered to have a weakly chromosome-damaging (clastogenic) effect under in vitro conditions in V79 cells.
Any other information on results incl. tables
1st Experiment
Without S-9 Mix, 18 hours harvest time
Dose (active compound) [µg/mL] | H. | Metaphases | Incl. Gaps | Excl. Gaps | Exchanges | Mul. Aber. | Chr. Dis. | Aneupl. | Polypl. | |||||||
N | % | N | % | N | % | N | % | N | % | N | % | N | % | |||
Vehicle MEM | 18 | 200 | 7 | 3.5 | 4 | 2 | 3 | 1.5 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 0.5 |
500 (198) | 18 | 200 | 19 | 9.5* | 3 | 1.5 | 2 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 3 | 1.5 |
1000 (395) | 18 | 200 | 19 | 9.5* | 4 | 2 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 0.5 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
2000 (790) | 18 | 200 | 34 | 17.0** | 9 | 4.5 | 2 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 0.5 |
EMS 350 | 18 | 100 | 15 | 15.0** | 13 | 13.0** | 8 | 8.0* | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
With S-9 Mix, 18 hours harvest time
Dose (active compound) [µg/mL] | H. | Metaphases | Incl. Gaps | Excl. Gaps | Exchanges | Mul. Aber. | Chr. Dis. | Aneupl. | Polypl. | |||||||
N | % | N | % | N | % | N | % | N | % | N | % | N | % | |||
Vehicle MEM | 18 | 200 | 13 | 6.5 | 4 | 2 | 3 | 1.5 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 0.5 | 4 | 2 |
3500 (1383) | 18 | 200 | 15 | 7.5 | 10 | 5 | 6 | 3 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 2 | 1 |
5000 (1975) | 18 | 200 | 11 | 5.5 | 4 | 2 | 1 | 0.5 | 1 | 0.5 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 0.5 |
6500 (2568) | 18 | 200 | 9 | 4.5 | 5 | 2.5 | 3 | 1.5 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 3 | 1.5 | 1 | 0.5 |
CPP 0.5 | 18 | 100 | 15 | 15.0* | 13 | 13.0** | 9 | 9.0** | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
2nd Experiment
Without S-9 mix, 18 hours harvest time
Dose (active compound) [µg/mL] | H. | Metaphases | Incl. Gaps | Excl. Gaps | Exchanges | Mul. Aber. | Chr. Dis. | Aneupl. | Polypl. | |||||||
N | % | N | % | N | % | N | % | N | % | N | % | N | % | |||
Vehicle MEM | 18 | 200 | 8 | 4 | 1 | 0.5 | 1 | 0,5 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
500 (198) | 18 | 200 | 9 | 4.5 | 3 | 1.5 | 2 | 1 | 1 | 0.5 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
1000 (395) | 18 | 200 | 4 | 2 | 3 | 1.5 | 3 | 1.5 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
2000 (790) | 18 | 200 | 18 | 9 | 6 | 3 | 4 | 2 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
EMS 350 | 18 | 100 | 13 | 13.0* | 13 | 13.0** | 10 | 10.0** | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
With S-9 Mix, 18 hours harvest time
Dose (active compound) [µg/mL] | H. | Meta-phases | Incl. Gaps | Excl. Gaps | Exchanges | Mul. Aber. | Chr. Dis. | Aneupl. | Polypl. | |||||||
N | % | N | % | N | % | N | % | N | % | N | % | N | % | |||
Vehicle MEM | 18 | 200 | 8 | 4 | 2 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 0.5 | 0 | 0 |
3500 (1383) | 18 | 200 | 18 | 9 | 8 | 4 | 3 | 1.5 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
5000 (1975) | 18 | 200 | 13 | 6.5 | 2 | 1 | 1 | 0.5 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
6500 (2568) | 18 | 200 | 11 | 5.5 | 5 | 2.5 | 1 | 0.5 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 0.5 | 2 | 1 |
CPP 0.5 | 18 | 100 | 17 | 17.0** | 15 | 15** | 9 | 9.0** | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
Without S-9 Mix, 28 hours harvest time
Dose (active compound) [µg/mL] | H. | Meta-phases | Incl. Gaps | Excl. Gaps | Exchanges | Mul. Aber. | Chr. Dis. | Aneupl. | Polypl. | |||||||
N | % | N | % | N | % | N | % | N | % | N | % | N | % | |||
Vehicle MEM | 28 | 200 | 10 | 5 | 3 | 1.5 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 0.5 | 0 | 0 |
2000 (790) | 28 | 200 | 24 | 12.0* | 2 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 0.5 | 1 | 0.5 |
3000 (1185) | 28 | 200 | 21 | 10.5* | 13 | 6.5* | 8 | 4.0** | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 0.5 |
With S-9 Mix, 28 hours harvest time
Dose (active compound) [µg/mL] | H. cultures | Meta-phases | Incl. Gaps | Excl. Gaps | Exchanges | Mul. Aber. | Chr. Dis. | Aneupl. | Polypl. | |||||||
N | % | N | % | N | % | N | % | N | % | N | % | N | % | |||
Vehicle MEM | 28 | 200 | 6 | 3 | 3 | 1.5 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
5000 (1975) | 28 | 200 | 11 | 5.5 | 5 | 2.5 | 2 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
6500 (2568) | 28 | 200 | 21 | 10.5** | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 0.5 |
3rd Experiment
Without S-9 Mix, 28 hours harvest time
Dose (active compound) [µg/mL] | H. | Meta-phases | Incl. Gaps | Excl. Gaps | Exchanges | Mul. Aber. | Chr. Dis. | Aneupl. | Polypl. | |||||||
N | % | N | % | N | % | N | % | N | % | N | % | N | % | |||
Vehicle MEM | 28 | 200 | 11 | 5.5 | 5 | 2.5 | 2 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 0.5 | 3 | 1.5 | 0 | 0 |
1000 (395) | 28 | 200 | 25 | 12.5* | 8 | 4 | 4 | 2 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 2 | 1 |
2000 (790) | 28 | 200 | 26 | 13.0* | 16 | 8.0* | 9 | 4.5 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 0.5 | 0 | 0 |
3000 (1185) | 28 | 200 | 39 | 19.5** | 16 | 8.0* | 10 | 5 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 0.5 | 0 | 0 |
EMS 350 | 28 | 100 | 19 | 19.0** | 16 | 16.00** | 6 | 6 | 1 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
With S-9 Mix, 28 hours harvest time
Dose (active compound) [µg/mL] | H. | Meta-phases | Incl. Gaps | Excl. Gaps | Exchanges | Mul. Aber. | Chr. Dis. | Aneupl. | Polypl. | |||||||
N | % | N | % | N | % | N | % | N | % | N | % | N | % | |||
Vehicle MEM | 28 | 200 | 11 | 5.5 | 6 | 3 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
6000 (2370) | 28 | 200 | 19 | 9.5 | 8 | 4 | 3 | 1.5 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 2 | 1 | 1 | 0.5 |
7000 (2765) | 28 | 200 | 16 | 8 | 9 | 4.5 | 4 | 2 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 0.5 |
CPP 0.5 | 28 | 100 | 18 | 18.0** | 16 | 16.0** | 6 | 6.0** | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
Fisher's Exact Test (one-sided) with Bonferroni-Holm correction: *: p <= 0.05, **: p <= 0.01
A pairwise comparison of each dose group with the solvent control group, Bonferroni-holm corrected for each time.
MEM: Minimal essential medium incl. glutamine
CPP: Cyclophosphate
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