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EC number: 701-182-0 | CAS number: -
- Life Cycle description
- Uses advised against
- Endpoint summary
- Appearance / physical state / colour
- Melting point / freezing point
- Boiling point
- Density
- Particle size distribution (Granulometry)
- Vapour pressure
- Partition coefficient
- Water solubility
- Solubility in organic solvents / fat solubility
- Surface tension
- Flash point
- Auto flammability
- Flammability
- Explosiveness
- Oxidising properties
- Oxidation reduction potential
- Stability in organic solvents and identity of relevant degradation products
- Storage stability and reactivity towards container material
- Stability: thermal, sunlight, metals
- pH
- Dissociation constant
- Viscosity
- Additional physico-chemical information
- Additional physico-chemical properties of nanomaterials
- Nanomaterial agglomeration / aggregation
- Nanomaterial crystalline phase
- Nanomaterial crystallite and grain size
- Nanomaterial aspect ratio / shape
- Nanomaterial specific surface area
- Nanomaterial Zeta potential
- Nanomaterial surface chemistry
- Nanomaterial dustiness
- Nanomaterial porosity
- Nanomaterial pour density
- Nanomaterial photocatalytic activity
- Nanomaterial radical formation potential
- Nanomaterial catalytic activity
- Endpoint summary
- Stability
- Biodegradation
- Bioaccumulation
- Transport and distribution
- Environmental data
- Additional information on environmental fate and behaviour
- Ecotoxicological Summary
- Aquatic toxicity
- Endpoint summary
- Short-term toxicity to fish
- Long-term toxicity to fish
- Short-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Long-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Toxicity to aquatic algae and cyanobacteria
- Toxicity to aquatic plants other than algae
- Toxicity to microorganisms
- Endocrine disrupter testing in aquatic vertebrates – in vivo
- Toxicity to other aquatic organisms
- Sediment toxicity
- Terrestrial toxicity
- Biological effects monitoring
- Biotransformation and kinetics
- Additional ecotoxological information
- Toxicological Summary
- Toxicokinetics, metabolism and distribution
- Acute Toxicity
- Irritation / corrosion
- Sensitisation
- Repeated dose toxicity
- Genetic toxicity
- Carcinogenicity
- Toxicity to reproduction
- Specific investigations
- Exposure related observations in humans
- Toxic effects on livestock and pets
- Additional toxicological data
Eye irritation
Administrative data
- Endpoint:
- eye irritation: in vivo
- Type of information:
- experimental study
- Adequacy of study:
- key study
- Study period:
- 12 November 2012 to 22 November 2012
- Reliability:
- 1 (reliable without restriction)
- Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:
- guideline study
Data source
Reference
- Reference Type:
- study report
- Title:
- Unnamed
- Year:
- 2 013
- Report date:
- 2013
Materials and methods
Test guidelineopen allclose all
- Qualifier:
- according to guideline
- Guideline:
- OECD Guideline 405 (Acute Eye Irritation / Corrosion)
- Deviations:
- no
- Qualifier:
- according to guideline
- Guideline:
- EU Method B.5 (Acute Toxicity: Eye Irritation / Corrosion)
- Deviations:
- no
- GLP compliance:
- yes (incl. QA statement)
Test material
- Reference substance name:
- (octadecanoato-O)oxoaluminium
- EC Number:
- 236-521-7
- EC Name:
- (octadecanoato-O)oxoaluminium
- Cas Number:
- 13419-15-3
- Molecular formula:
- C18H35AlO3
- IUPAC Name:
- (octadecanoato-kappaO)(oxo)aluminum
- Test material form:
- liquid: viscous
- Details on test material:
- - Physical state: Pale yellow viscous liquid
- Substance tested: 50% w.w. concentration in pharmaceutical white oil (CAS No. 8042-47-5).
- Batch number: 11074091
- Carbon Content: 74.73 %
- Analysis code: Report No. 22349
- Date recieved: 15 June 2012
- Expiration date: 01 July 2013
- Storage of test material: Room temperature in the dark
Constituent 1
- Specific details on test material used for the study:
- The study was carried on a 50% w.w. concentration of the test item in pharmaceutical white oil.
Test animals / tissue source
- Species:
- rabbit
- Strain:
- New Zealand White
- Details on test animals or tissues and environmental conditions:
- Two New Zealand White rabbits were supplied by Harlan Laboratories UK Limited, Hillcrest, Belton, Loughborough, UK. At the start of the study the animals weighed 2.59 or 2.93 kg and were twelve to twenty weeks old. After an acclimatisation period of at least five days each animal was given a number unique within the study which was written with a black indelible marker-pen on the inner surface of the ear and on the cage label.
The animals were individually housed in suspended cages. Free access to mains drinking water and food (2030C Teklad Global Rabbit diet supplied by Harlan Teklad, Blackthorn, Bicester, Oxon, UK) was allowed throughout the study. The diet and drinking water were considered not to contain any contaminant of a level that might have affected the purpose or integrity of the study.
The temperature and relative humidity were set to achieve limits of 17 to 23°C and 30 to 70% respectively. Any occasional deviations from these targets were considered not to have affected the purpose or integrity of the study. The rate of air exchange was at least fifteen changes per hour and the lighting was controlled by a time switch to give twelve hours continuous light (06:00 to 18:00) and twelve hours darkness.
The animals were provided with environmental enrichment items which were considered not to contain any contaminant of a level that might have affected the purpose or integrity of the study.
Test system
- Vehicle:
- unchanged (no vehicle)
- Controls:
- no
- Amount / concentration applied:
- A volume of 0.1 mL of the test material was placed into the conjunctival sac of the right eye.
- Duration of treatment / exposure:
- Up to 72 hours
- Observation period (in vivo):
- 72 hours
- Number of animals or in vitro replicates:
- 2
- Details on study design:
- REMOVAL OF TEST SUBSTANCE
- Washing: Not applicable
- Procedure: Immediately before the start of the test, both eyes of the provisionally selected test rabbits were examined for evidence of ocular irritation or defect with the aid of a light source from a standard ophthalmoscope. Only animals free of ocular damage were used. Initially, a single rabbit was treated. A volume of 0.1 mL of the test item was placed into the conjunctival sac of the right eye, formed by gently pulling the lower lid away from the eyeball. The upper and lower eyelids were held together for about one second immediately after treatment, to prevent loss of the test material, and then released. The left eye remained untreated and was used for control purposes. Immediately after administration of the test material, an assessment of the initial pain reaction was made according to the six point scale shown in Appendix 1. After consideration of the ocular responses produced in the first treated animal, a second animal was treated. Assessment of ocular damage/irritation was made approximately 1 hour and 24, 48 and 72 hours following treatment, according to the numerical evaluation given in Appendix 2, (from Draize J H (1977) "Dermal and Eye Toxicity Tests" In: Principles and Procedures for Evaluating the Toxicity of Household Substances, National Academy of Sciences, Washington DC p.48 to 49).
- Assessment of effects: Any other ocular effects were also noted. Examination of the eye was facilitated by the use of the light source from a standard ophthalmoscope. Any clinical signs of toxicity, if present, were also recorded. Individual bodyweights were recorded on Day 0 (the day of dosing) and at the end of the observation period.
Results and discussion
In vivo
Resultsopen allclose all
- Irritation parameter:
- conjunctivae score
- Remarks:
- Redness
- Basis:
- animal: 72664 Male
- Time point:
- 24/48/72 h
- Score:
- 1
- Max. score:
- 1
- Reversibility:
- fully reversible within: 48 hours
- Remarks on result:
- other: Highest score observed at 1 and 24 hour timepoints
- Irritation parameter:
- conjunctivae score
- Remarks:
- Redness
- Basis:
- animal: 72702 Male
- Time point:
- 24/48/72 h
- Score:
- 1
- Max. score:
- 1
- Reversibility:
- fully reversible within: 48 hours
- Remarks on result:
- other: Highest score observed at 1 hour and 24 hour timepoints
- Irritation parameter:
- chemosis score
- Basis:
- animal: 72664 Male
- Time point:
- 24/48/72 h
- Score:
- 1
- Max. score:
- 2
- Reversibility:
- fully reversible within: 48 hours
- Remarks on result:
- other: Highest score observed at 1 hour timepoint
- Irritation parameter:
- chemosis score
- Basis:
- animal: 72702 Male
- Time point:
- 24/48/72 h
- Score:
- 0
- Max. score:
- 2
- Reversibility:
- fully reversible within: 24 hours
- Remarks on result:
- other: Highest score observed at 1 hour timepoint
- Irritation parameter:
- cornea opacity score
- Basis:
- animal: 72664 Male
- Time point:
- 24/48/72 h
- Score:
- 0
- Max. score:
- 0
- Reversibility:
- other: No effect noted
- Irritation parameter:
- cornea opacity score
- Basis:
- animal: 72702 Male
- Time point:
- 24/48/72 h
- Score:
- 0
- Max. score:
- 0
- Reversibility:
- other: No effect noted
- Irritation parameter:
- iris score
- Basis:
- animal: 72664 Male
- Time point:
- 24/48/72 h
- Score:
- 0
- Max. score:
- 0
- Reversibility:
- other: No effect noted
- Remarks on result:
- other: Mean
- Irritation parameter:
- iris score
- Basis:
- animal: 72702 Male
- Time point:
- 24/48/72 h
- Score:
- 0
- Max. score:
- 0
- Reversibility:
- other: No effect noted
- Irritation parameter:
- other: Conjunctivae Discharge
- Basis:
- animal: 72664 Male
- Time point:
- 24/48/72 h
- Score:
- 0
- Max. score:
- 0
- Reversibility:
- other: No effects noted
- Irritation parameter:
- other: Conjunctivae Discharge
- Basis:
- animal: 72702 Male
- Time point:
- 24/48/72 h
- Score:
- 0
- Max. score:
- 1
- Reversibility:
- fully reversible within: 24 hours
- Remarks on result:
- other: Highest score observed at 1 hour timepoint
- Irritant / corrosive response data:
- Individual and group mean scores for ocular irritation are given in Table 1 and Table 2 in any other information on results section. Individual mean scores for cornea, iris and conjunctivae are given in Table 3.
No corneal or iridial effects were noted during the study.
Moderate conjunctival irritation was noted in one treated eye with minimal conjunctival irritation noted in the other treated eye one hour after treatment. Minimal conjunctival irritation was noted in both treated eyes at the 24 Hour observation.
Both treated eyes appeared normal at the 48 Hour observation. - Other effects:
- Both animals showed expected gain in bodyweight during the study (Table 4).
Any other information on results incl. tables
Table 1 Individual Scores and Individual Total Scores for Ocular Irritation
Rabbit Number and Sex |
72664 Male |
72702 Male |
||||||
IPR = 0 |
IPR = 0 |
|||||||
Time After Treatment |
1 |
24 |
48 |
72 |
1 |
24 |
48 |
72 |
CORNEA |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
E = Degree of Opacity |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
F = Area of Cornea Involved |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
Score (E x F) x 5 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
IRIS |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
D |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
Score (D x 5) |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
CONJUNCTIVAE |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
A = Redness |
1 |
1 |
0 |
0 |
1 |
1 |
0 |
0 |
B = Chemosis |
2 |
1 |
0 |
0 |
2 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
C = Discharge |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
1 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
Score (A + B + C) x 2 |
6 |
4 |
0 |
0 |
8 |
2 |
0 |
0 |
Total Score |
6 |
4 |
0 |
0 |
8 |
2 |
0 |
0 |
IPR= Initial pain reaction
Interpretation According to the Globally Harmonized System of Classification and Labelling of Chemical
Irreversible eye effects categories
An eye irritant Category 1 (irreversible effects on the eye) is a test material that produces: |
|
- |
at least in one animal effects on the cornea, iris or conjunctiva that are not expected to reverse or have not fully reversed within an observation period of normally 21 days; and/or |
- |
at least in 2 of 3 tested animals a positive response of: corneal opacity³ 3 and/or iritis³ 1.5r calculated as the mean scores following grading at 24, 48 and 72 hours after instillation of the test material |
Reversible eye effects categories
An eye irritant Category 2A (irritating to eyes) is a test material that produces: |
|
- |
at least in 2 of 3 tested animals a positive response of: corneal opacity³ 1 and/or iritis³ 1 and/or conjunctival redness³ 2 and/or conjunctival oedema (chemosis)³ 2 |
- |
Calculated as the mean scores following grading at 24, 48 and 72-Hour observations after instillation of the test material, and at |
- |
which fully reverses within an observation period of normally 21 days |
Within this category an eye irritant is considered mildly irritating to eyes (Category 2B) when the effects listed above are fully reversible within 7 days of observation. |
Interpretation According to Regulation (EC) No 1272/2008, Relating to the Classification, Labelling and Packaging of Dangerous Substances
Category for irreversible eye effects
Category |
Criteria |
Irreversible effects on the eye (Category 1) |
If, when applied to the eye of an animal, a substance produces: |
- at least in one animal effects on the cornea, iris or conjunctiva that are not expected to reverse or have not fully reversed within an observation period of normally 21 days; and/or - at least in 2 of 3 animals, a positive response of: - cornea opacity³3 and/or - iritis>1.5 calculated as the mean scores following grading at 24, 48 and 72 hours after installation of the test material. |
Category for reversible eye effects
Category |
Criteria |
Irritating to eyes (Category 2) |
If, when applied to the eye of an animal, a substance produces: |
- at least in 2 of 3 tested animals, a positive response of: - cornea opacity³1 and/or - iritis>1, and/or - conjunctival redness³2 and/or - conjunctival oedema (chemosis)³2 - calculated as the mean scores following grading at 24, 48 and 72 hours after installation of the test material, and which fully reverses within an observation period of 21 days. |
|
For those substances where there is pronounced variability among animal responses, this information shall be taken into account in determining the classification. |
Table 2 Individual Total Scores and Group Mean Scores for Ocular Irritation
Rabbit Number and Sex |
Individual Total Scores At: |
|||
1 Hour |
24 Hours |
48 Hours |
72 Hours |
|
72664 Male |
6 |
4 |
0 |
0 |
72702 Male |
8 |
2 |
0 |
0 |
Group Total |
14 |
6 |
0 |
0 |
Group Mean Score |
7.0 |
3.0 |
0.0 |
0.0 |
Table 3 Individual and Mean Scores for Cornea, Iris and Conjunctivae
Rabbit Number and Sex |
Time After Treatment |
Corneal Opacity |
Iridial Inflammation |
Conjunctival Redness |
Conjunctival Chemosis |
72664 Male |
24 Hours |
0 |
0 |
1 |
1 |
48 Hours |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
|
72 Hours |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
|
Total |
0 |
0 |
1 |
1 |
|
Mean |
0.0 |
0.0 |
0.3 |
0.0 |
|
72702 Male |
24 Hours |
0 |
0 |
1 |
1 |
48 Hours |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
|
72 Hours |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
|
Total |
0 |
0 |
1 |
1 |
|
Mean |
0.0 |
0.0 |
0.3 |
0.0 |
Table 4 Individual Bodyweights and Bodyweight Changes
Rabbit Number |
Individual Bodyweight (kg) |
Bodyweight Change (kg) |
|
Day 0 |
Day 3 |
||
72664 Male |
2.59 |
2.67 |
0.08 |
72702 Male |
2.93 |
2.98 |
0.06 |
Applicant's summary and conclusion
- Interpretation of results:
- other: Criteria for classification as an eye irritant not met
- Remarks:
- Criteria used for interpretation of results: Kay and Calandra classification
- Conclusions:
- The test material produced a maximum group mean score of 7.0 and was classified as a minimal irritant (Class 3 on a 1 to 8 scale) to the rabbit eye according to a modified Kay and Calandra classification system. The substance does not meet the criteria for classification according to the Globally Harmonised System of Classification and Labelling of Chemicals or according to Regulation (EC) No 1272/2008, relating to the Classification, Labelling and Packaging of Dangerous Substances.
- Executive summary:
Introduction.
The study was performed to assess the irritancy potential of the test material to the eye of the New Zealand White rabbit. The assessment was carried out in a GLP-compliant study following OECD Guidelines for the Testing of Chemicals No. 405 “Acute Eye Irritation/Corrosion” (adopted 24 April 2002) and Method B5 Acute Toxicity (Eye Irritation) of Commission Regulation (EC) No. 440/2008 in a proprietary, experimental study (Harlan 2013). The study is considered reliable and relevant for use for this endpoint.
Result.
A single application of the test material to the non-irrigated eye of two rabbits produced moderate conjunctival irritation in one treated eye and minimal conjunctival irritation in the other treated eye one hour after treatment with minimal conjunctival irritation noted in both treated eyes at the 24-hour observation. Both treated eyes appeared normal at the 48-hour observation.
Conclusion.
The test material produced a maximum group mean score of 7.0 and was classified as a minimal irritant (Class 3 on a 1 to 8 scale) to the rabbit eye according to a modified Kay and Calandra classification system. The substance does not meet the criteria for classification according to the Globally Harmonised System of Classification and Labelling of Chemicals or according to Regulation (EC) No 1272/2008, relating to the Classification, Labelling and Packaging of Dangerous Substances.
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