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EC number: 269-101-7 | CAS number: 68187-49-5 This substance is identified in the Colour Index by Colour Index Constitution Number, C.I. 77344.
- Life Cycle description
- Uses advised against
- Endpoint summary
- Appearance / physical state / colour
- Melting point / freezing point
- Boiling point
- Density
- Particle size distribution (Granulometry)
- Vapour pressure
- Partition coefficient
- Water solubility
- Solubility in organic solvents / fat solubility
- Surface tension
- Flash point
- Auto flammability
- Flammability
- Explosiveness
- Oxidising properties
- Oxidation reduction potential
- Stability in organic solvents and identity of relevant degradation products
- Storage stability and reactivity towards container material
- Stability: thermal, sunlight, metals
- pH
- Dissociation constant
- Viscosity
- Additional physico-chemical information
- Additional physico-chemical properties of nanomaterials
- Nanomaterial agglomeration / aggregation
- Nanomaterial crystalline phase
- Nanomaterial crystallite and grain size
- Nanomaterial aspect ratio / shape
- Nanomaterial specific surface area
- Nanomaterial Zeta potential
- Nanomaterial surface chemistry
- Nanomaterial dustiness
- Nanomaterial porosity
- Nanomaterial pour density
- Nanomaterial photocatalytic activity
- Nanomaterial radical formation potential
- Nanomaterial catalytic activity
- Endpoint summary
- Stability
- Biodegradation
- Bioaccumulation
- Transport and distribution
- Environmental data
- Additional information on environmental fate and behaviour
- Ecotoxicological Summary
- Aquatic toxicity
- Endpoint summary
- Short-term toxicity to fish
- Long-term toxicity to fish
- Short-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Long-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Toxicity to aquatic algae and cyanobacteria
- Toxicity to aquatic plants other than algae
- Toxicity to microorganisms
- Endocrine disrupter testing in aquatic vertebrates – in vivo
- Toxicity to other aquatic organisms
- Sediment toxicity
- Terrestrial toxicity
- Biological effects monitoring
- Biotransformation and kinetics
- Additional ecotoxological information
- Toxicological Summary
- Toxicokinetics, metabolism and distribution
- Acute Toxicity
- Irritation / corrosion
- Sensitisation
- Repeated dose toxicity
- Genetic toxicity
- Carcinogenicity
- Toxicity to reproduction
- Specific investigations
- Exposure related observations in humans
- Toxic effects on livestock and pets
- Additional toxicological data
Water solubility
Administrative data
Link to relevant study record(s)
- Endpoint:
- transformation / dissolution of metals and inorganic metal compounds
- Type of information:
- experimental study
- Adequacy of study:
- key study
- Study period:
- 2015-06-12 to 2015-09-28
- Reliability:
- 1 (reliable without restriction)
- Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:
- guideline study
- Qualifier:
- according to guideline
- Guideline:
- OECD Series on Testing and Assessment No. 29 (23-Jul-2001): Guidance document on transformation/dissolution of metals and metal compounds in aqueous media
- Version / remarks:
- 2001
- Deviations:
- yes
- Remarks:
- Determination at pH 6 and 8 instead of 5.5 and 8.5
- GLP compliance:
- yes (incl. QA statement)
- Remarks:
- signed 2016-05-31
- Type of method:
- other: transformation / dissolution
- Type of test:
- full transformation/dissolution test - metals and sparingly soluble metal compounds
- Mean dissolved conc.:
- 1.489 µg/L
- Element analysed:
- Cr
- Loading of aqueous phase:
- 1 other: mg test item/L
- Incubation duration:
- 672 h
- Test conditions:
- pH 6, agitation at 100 rpm, 21.5 ± 1.5 °C
- Remarks on result:
- other: SD: ± 0.008 µg/L
- Type of test:
- full transformation/dissolution test - metals and sparingly soluble metal compounds
- Mean dissolved conc.:
- < 0.783 µg/L
- Element analysed:
- Cr
- Loading of aqueous phase:
- 1 other: mg test item/L
- Incubation duration:
- 672 h
- Test conditions:
- pH 8, agitation at 100 rpm, 21.5 ± 1.5 °C
- Remarks on result:
- other:
- Remarks:
- Mean dissolved concentration
- Type of test:
- full transformation/dissolution test - metals and sparingly soluble metal compounds
- Mean dissolved conc.:
- 2.038 µg/L
- Element analysed:
- Co
- Loading of aqueous phase:
- 1 other: mg test item/L
- Incubation duration:
- 672 h
- Test conditions:
- pH 6, agitation at 100 rpm, 21.5 ± 1.5 °C
- Remarks on result:
- other: SD: ± 0.008 µg/L
- Type of test:
- full transformation/dissolution test - metals and sparingly soluble metal compounds
- Mean dissolved conc.:
- 0.79 µg/L
- Element analysed:
- Co
- Loading of aqueous phase:
- 1 other: mg test item/L
- Incubation duration:
- 672 h
- Test conditions:
- pH 8, agitation at 100 rpm, 21.5 ± 1.5 °C
- Remarks on result:
- other: SD: ± 0.039 µg/L
- Type of test:
- full transformation/dissolution test - metals and sparingly soluble metal compounds
- Mean dissolved conc.:
- 9.418 µg/L
- Element analysed:
- Zn
- Loading of aqueous phase:
- 1 other: mg test item/L
- Incubation duration:
- 672 h
- Test conditions:
- pH 6, agitation at 100 rpm, 21.5 ± 1.5 °C
- Remarks on result:
- other: SD: ± 0.378 µg/L
- Type of test:
- full transformation/dissolution test - metals and sparingly soluble metal compounds
- Mean dissolved conc.:
- 0.725 µg/L
- Element analysed:
- Zn
- Loading of aqueous phase:
- 1 other: mg test item/L
- Incubation duration:
- 672 h
- Test conditions:
- pH 8, agitation at 100 rpm, 21.5 ± 1.5 °C
- Remarks on result:
- other: SD: ± 0.517 µg/L
- Type of test:
- full transformation/dissolution test - metals and sparingly soluble metal compounds
- Mean dissolved conc.:
- 1.84 µg/L
- Element analysed:
- Zn
- Loading of aqueous phase:
- 1 other: mg test item/L
- Incubation duration:
- 672 h
- Test conditions:
- pH 6, agitation at 100 rpm, 21.5 ± 1.5 °C
- Remarks on result:
- other: SD: ± 0.378 µg/L, background (means) corrected
- Type of test:
- full transformation/dissolution test - metals and sparingly soluble metal compounds
- Mean dissolved conc.:
- < 0.096 µg/L
- Element analysed:
- Zn
- Loading of aqueous phase:
- 1 other: mg test item/L
- Incubation duration:
- 672 h
- Test conditions:
- pH 8, agitation at 100 rpm, 21.5 ± 1.5 °C
- Remarks on result:
- other:
- Remarks:
- Mean dissolved concentration, background (means) corrected
- Details on results:
- Temperature
The temperature of the thermostatically controlled room was recorded with a Testo 175-T2 data logger. The mean temperature was 20.4 ± 0.2 °C during the test with 1 mg/L loading at pH8. The mean temperature during the test at pH 6 was 20.5 ± 0.2 °C. Therefore, the mean temperature is in agreement with the OECD guidance document 29.
Solution pH and oxygen concentrations
In solutions containing 1 mg/L of the test item at pH 6 and pH 8 as well as in method blanks (BW), the pHs were in the range of 5.9 – 6.3 and 7.7 – 8.2, respectively.
Mass balance
Most of the measured chromium concentrations in samples from the test were below LODs/LOQs (pH 6: 0.5622/1.6867 and 0.4389/1.3167 µg Cr/L; pH 8: 0.7829/2.3486 µg Cr/L) or only slightly above these limits. Therefore, the measured chromium concentrations in samples from the 1 mg/L test were not considered for the mass balance. The Cr concentrations in rinsed filters from pH 6 and pH 8 were mostly below respective LODs/LOQs (pH 6: 0.3775/1.1325 µg/L; pH 8: 01456/0.4368 µg/L). The recovery of Chromium was 0.1 – 0.2 % in all vessels. It is clearly below 100 ± 15 %, indicating that aqua regia is not sufficient for a complete dissolution of the test item. The latter fact is expected for inorganic pigments.
Within-vessel variation and between-vessel variation
According to the guidance, “[…]it is reasonable to anticipate that for a constant loading of a substance, tested in a narrow particle size (e.g. 37 - 44 μm) and total surface area range, the within-vessel variation in transformation data should be less than 10 % and the between-vessel variation should be less than 20 %”.
The particle size distribution of each loading replicate may differ and thus resulting in different overall total surface areas per vessel. Since the exposed surface area is affecting the rate of transformation and dissolution of sparingly soluble metal compounds, increases in vessel variations may be observed in tests of materials with wider particle size distributions.
For the measured metals these variations are not always within the limits.
Background concentrations for zinc at pH 6 and pH 8 were measured to be in the range of test item loaded samples. Therefore, the measured zinc concentrations from test item loaded vessels at pH 6 and 8 were background (means) corrected. - Conclusions:
- According to the OECD Series on Testing and Assessment Number 29 (2001), dissolved mean Cr, Co, Zn concentrations were determined in a transformation/dissolution test with a loading of 1 mg test item (cobalt chromite green spinel) /L media (agitation at 100 rpm, 21.5 ± 1.5 °C) over 672 hours with samplings after 2 h, 6 h, 24 h, 96 h, 168 h, 332 h, 504 h and 672 h. Following concentrations were determined after 672 h:
pH 6 pH 8
Cr [µg/L] 1.489 ± 0.008Co [µg/L] 2.038 ± 0.008 0.790 ± 0.039
Zn [µg/L] 9.418 ± 0.378 0.725 ± 0517
Zn [µg/L] background (means) corrected 1.840 ± 0.378
Reference
Method validation summary
Validation parameter | Results | Comment |
selectivity | selective wavelength and isotopes for detection and evaluation of Cr, Co and Zn | |
linearity | applied calibration functions were linear | correlation factor at least 0.999899 |
limit of detection | Cr: 0.1456 – 0.7829 µg/L Co: 0.1186 – 0.3161 µg/L Zn: 0.0961 – 0.3138µg/L |
|
limit of quantification | Cr: 0.4368 – 2.3486 µg/L Co: 0.3559 – 0.9484 µg/L Zn: 0.2882 – 0.9413 µg/L |
|
accuracy and precision; repeatability | mean recovery for CRM TM-25.4: mass balance pH6 and 8: 101.5 ± 1.7 % (n = 8) Co 238.892 nm: 100.0 ± 1.9 % (n = 19) Zn 213.657 nm: 103.8 ± 3.9 % (n = 16) |
Diluted (5 fold) to 4.8 µg Cr/L 5.5 µg Co/L 8.9 µg Zn/L |
accuracy and precision |
mean recovery for CRM TM-25.4: Cr 206.550 nm: 102.6 ± 2.7 % (n = 8) Cr 284.325 nm: 110.5 ± 6.6 % (n = 8) Co 231.497 nm: 101.9 ± 4.3 % (n = 8) Co 202.548 nm: 98.9 ± 3.4 % (n = 11) |
Diluted (5 fold) to 4.8 µg Cr/L 5.5 µg Co/L 8.9 µg Zn/L |
accuracy and precision; repeatability | mean recovery for CRM TMDA-53.3: Cr 238.892 nm: 100.3 ± 2.6 % (n = 19) Co 231.497 nm: 101.5 ± 1.4 % (n = 8) Co 234.740 nm: 96.4 ± 2.4 % (n = 6) Zn 213.657 nm: 100.7 ± 3.2 % (n = 16) Zn 202.548 nm: 95.1 ± 2.1 % (n = 18) |
|
accuracy and precision |
mean recovery for CRM TMDA-53.3: mass balance pH6 and 8: 100.1 ± 1.3 % (n = 8) Cr 206.550 nm: 100.3 ± 1.6 % (n = 8) Cr 284.325 nm: 103.6 ± 3.4 % (n = 8) Cr 286.674 nm: 99.9 ± 0.9 % (n = 7) Cr 283.563 nm: 99.1 ± 1.0 % (n = 11) Co 231.497 nm: 101.5 ± 1.4 % (n = 8) Co 234.740 nm: 96.4 ± 2.4 % (n = 6) |
Diluted (10 fold) to 34.1 µg Cr/L 25.1 µg Co/L 38.6 µg Zn/L |
accuracy and precision; repeatability |
mean recovery for quality control standard: Co 238.892 nm: 96.4 ± 1.9 % (n = 16) Zn 213.657 nm: 98.3 ± 2.8 % (n = 16) |
Mixture of multi standards XVII : XXI (1:1) diluted to 10 µg/L |
accuracy and precision |
Mean recovery for quality control standard: mass balance pH6 and 8: 100.6 ± 1.4 % (n = 8) Cr 206.550 nm: 99.0 ± 2.1 % (n = 8) Cr 284.325 nm: 101.7 ± 2.4 % (n = 8) Cr 283.563 nm: 92.4 ± 1.3 % (n = 8) Co 231.497 nm: 100.6 ± 2.4 % (n = 8) Zn 213.657 nm: 98.3 ± 2.8 % (n = 16) Zn 202.548 nm: 95.4 ± 1.6 % (n = 8) |
Mixture of multi standards XVII : XXI (1:1) diluted to 10 µg/L |
accuracy and precision; repeatability |
Mean recovery for quality control standard: Zn 202.548 nm: 98.4 ± 1.1 % (n = 10) |
Mixture of multi standards XVII : XXI (1:1) diluted to 100 µg/L |
accuracy and precision |
Mean recovery for quality control standard: Cr 283.563 nm: 96.1 ± 0.2 % (n = 3) Cr 286.674 nm: 96.2 ± 0.7 % (n = 7) Co 238.892 nm: 96.1 ± 1.0 % (n = 3) Co 234.740 nm: 96.6 ± 1.1 % (n = 7) |
Mixture of multi standards XVII : XXI (1:1) diluted to 100 µg/L |
accuracy and precision; repeatability | Mean recovery for recalibration standard: mass balance pH6 and 8: 99.5 ± 1.7 % (n = 8) Co 238.892 nm: 95.6 ± 2.6 % (n = 16) Zn 213.657 nm: 101.1 ± 2.4 % (n = 16) |
Diluted to 5 µg Cr, Co, Zn/L |
accuracy and precision | Mean recovery for quality control standard: Cr 206.550 nm: 99.0 ± 2.1 % (n = 8) Cr 284.325 nm: 106.2 ± 4.9 % (n = 8) Co 231.497 nm: 98.9 ± 5.5 % (n = 8) Zn 213.657 nm: 98.3 ± 2.8 % (n = 16) Zn 202.548 nm: 85.7 ± 1.0 % (n = 8) |
Diluted to 5 µg Cr, Co, Zn/L |
accuracy and precision; repeatability | Zn 202.548 nm: 93.4 ± 0.8 % (n = 10) |
Diluted to 50 µg Cr, Co, Zn/L |
accuracy and precision |
Mean recovery for quality control standard: Cr 286.647 nm: 95.6 ± 0.9 % (n = 7) Cr 283.563 nm: 97.8 ± 2.0 % (n = 3) Co 238.892 nm: 96.6 ± 0.2 % (n = 3) Co 234.740 nm: 95.8 ± 1.6 % (n = 7) |
Diluted to 50 µg Cr, Co/L |
trueness |
recovery of fortified samples: Cr: 85.2 – 107.2 % (n = 10) Co: 85.3 – 102-1 % (n = 15) Zn: 86.1 – 115.3 % (n = 11) |
Recoveries of fortified samples (values were rounded, internal calculations were performed with more digits)
sample |
Measured |
calculated level after addition |
recovery |
1 mL of sample + 4 mL of 25 µg Cr/L |
|||
Mass balance sample a from vessel 1 |
4.93 |
20.99 |
20.24 / 96.5 |
Sample a from vessel 1 after 6h |
<LOD |
20 |
17-05 / 85.2 |
1 mL of sample + 4 mL of 10 µg Cr/L |
|||
Sample a from vessel 4 after 2h |
0.014 |
8.003 |
8.123 / 101.5 |
Sample a from vessel 4 after 6h |
0.242 |
8.048 |
8.105 / 100.7 |
Sample a from vessel 4 after 24h |
0.612 |
8.122 |
8.079 / 99.5 |
Sample a from vessel 4 after 96h |
1.06 |
8.212 |
7.803 / 95.0 |
Sample a from vessel 4 after 168h |
0.660 |
8.132 |
8.873 / 109.1 |
Sample a from vessel 4 after 336h |
1.019 |
8.204 |
8.660 / 105.6 |
Sample a from vessel 4 after 504h |
1.138 |
8.228 |
8.823 / 107.2 |
Sample a from vessel 4 after 672h |
1.079 |
8.216 |
8.667 / 105.5 |
1 mL of sample + 4 mL of 25 µg Co/L |
|||
Sample a from vessel 1 after 2h |
<LOD |
20.00 |
17.57 / 87.8 |
Sample a from vessel 1 after 6h |
<LOD |
20.00 |
18.23 / 91.1 |
Sample a from vessel 1 after 24h |
<LOD |
20.00 |
17.97 / 89.9 |
Sample a from vessel 1 after 168h |
<LOD |
20.00 |
18.24 / 91.2 |
Sample a from vessel 1 after 336h |
0.968 |
20.19. |
17.22 / 85.3 |
Sample a from vessel 1 after 504h |
<LOD |
20.00 |
17.94 / 89.7 |
Sample a from vessel 1 after 672h |
<LOD |
20.00 |
18.31 / 91.5 |
1 mL of sample + 4 mL of 10 µg Co/L |
|||
Sample a from vessel 4 after 2h |
0.973 |
8.195 |
8.254 / 100.7 |
Sample a from vessel 4 after 6h |
0.934 |
8.187 |
7.970 / 97.4 |
Sample a from vessel 4 after 24h |
1.482 |
8.296 |
7.856 / 94.7 |
Sample a from vessel 4 after 96h |
1.561 |
8.312 |
8.489 / 102.1 |
Sample a from vessel 4 after 168h |
1.802 |
8.360 |
8.065 / 96.5 |
Sample a from vessel 4 after 336h |
1.891 |
8.378 |
8.111 / 96.8 |
Sample a from vessel 4 after 504h |
1.909 |
8.382 |
8.111 / 96.8 |
Sample a from vessel 4 after 672h |
1.856 |
8.371 |
8.105 / 96.8 |
1 mL of sample + 4 mL of 25 µg Zn/L |
|||
Sample a from vessel 1 after 2h |
<LOD |
20.00 |
17.22 / 86.1 |
Sample a from vessel 1 after 6h |
<LOD |
20.00 |
17.49 / 87.4 |
Sample a from vessel 1 after 96h |
1.019 |
20.20 |
17.43 / 86.3 |
Sample a from vessel 1 after 168h |
<LOD |
20.00 |
17.54 / 87.7 |
Sample a from vessel 1 after 336h |
0.721 |
20.14 |
17.44 / 86.6 |
Sample a from vessel 1 after 504h |
<LOD |
20.00 |
18.00 / 90.0 |
1 mL of sample + 4 mL of 10 µg Zn/L |
|||
Sample a from vessel 4 after 96h |
4.428 |
8.886 |
10.242 / 115.3 |
Sample a from vessel 4 after 168h |
7.239 |
9.448 |
9.842 / 104.2 |
Sample a from vessel 4 after 336h |
6.540 |
9.308 |
9.340 / 100.3 |
Sample a from vessel 4 after 504h |
8.148 |
9.630 |
9.772 / 101.5 |
Sample a from vessel 4 after 672h |
8.727 |
9.745 |
9.998 / 102.6 |
Description of key information
Transformation/dissolution test of cobalt chromite green spinel with a loading of 1 mg/L media at 21.5 ± 1.5 °C after 672 h:
- Cr [µg/L]: 1.489 ± 0.008 (pH 6); <LOD (<0.7829) (pH 8)
- Co [µg/L]: 2.038 ± 0.008 (pH 6); 0.790 ± 0.039 (pH 8)
- Zn [µg/L] background (means) corrected: 1.840 ± 0.378 (pH 6); <LOD (<0.0961) (pH 8)
Key value for chemical safety assessment
Additional information
According to the OECD Series on Testing and Assessment Number 29 (2001), dissolved mean Cr, Co, Zn concentrations were determined in a transformation/dissolution test with a loading of 1 mg test item (cobalt chromite green spinel) /L media (agitation at 100 rpm, 21.5 ± 1.5 °C) over 672 hours with samplings after 2 h, 6 h, 24 h, 96 h, 168 h, 332 h, 504 h and 672 h. Following concentrations were determined after 672 h:
pH 6 |
pH 8 |
|
Cr [µg/L] |
1.489 ± 0.008 |
<LOD (<0.7829) |
Co [µg/L] |
2.038 ± 0.008 |
0.790 ± 0.039 |
Zn [µg/L] |
9.418 ± 0.378 |
0.725 ± 0517 |
Zn [µg/L] background (means) corrected |
1.840 ± 0.378 |
<LOD (<0.0961) |
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