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EC number: 946-945-0 | CAS number: -
- Life Cycle description
- Uses advised against
- Endpoint summary
- Appearance / physical state / colour
- Melting point / freezing point
- Boiling point
- Density
- Particle size distribution (Granulometry)
- Vapour pressure
- Partition coefficient
- Water solubility
- Solubility in organic solvents / fat solubility
- Surface tension
- Flash point
- Auto flammability
- Flammability
- Explosiveness
- Oxidising properties
- Oxidation reduction potential
- Stability in organic solvents and identity of relevant degradation products
- Storage stability and reactivity towards container material
- Stability: thermal, sunlight, metals
- pH
- Dissociation constant
- Viscosity
- Additional physico-chemical information
- Additional physico-chemical properties of nanomaterials
- Nanomaterial agglomeration / aggregation
- Nanomaterial crystalline phase
- Nanomaterial crystallite and grain size
- Nanomaterial aspect ratio / shape
- Nanomaterial specific surface area
- Nanomaterial Zeta potential
- Nanomaterial surface chemistry
- Nanomaterial dustiness
- Nanomaterial porosity
- Nanomaterial pour density
- Nanomaterial photocatalytic activity
- Nanomaterial radical formation potential
- Nanomaterial catalytic activity
- Endpoint summary
- Stability
- Biodegradation
- Bioaccumulation
- Transport and distribution
- Environmental data
- Additional information on environmental fate and behaviour
- Ecotoxicological Summary
- Aquatic toxicity
- Endpoint summary
- Short-term toxicity to fish
- Long-term toxicity to fish
- Short-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Long-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Toxicity to aquatic algae and cyanobacteria
- Toxicity to aquatic plants other than algae
- Toxicity to microorganisms
- Endocrine disrupter testing in aquatic vertebrates – in vivo
- Toxicity to other aquatic organisms
- Sediment toxicity
- Terrestrial toxicity
- Biological effects monitoring
- Biotransformation and kinetics
- Additional ecotoxological information
- Toxicological Summary
- Toxicokinetics, metabolism and distribution
- Acute Toxicity
- Irritation / corrosion
- Sensitisation
- Repeated dose toxicity
- Genetic toxicity
- Carcinogenicity
- Toxicity to reproduction
- Specific investigations
- Exposure related observations in humans
- Toxic effects on livestock and pets
- Additional toxicological data
Endpoint summary
Administrative data
Description of key information
The mean dermal irritation score of erythema and oedema (following 24, 48 and 72 h observation) was 0.00 and as a result d-phenothrin was not classified for skin irritation in this study.
The mean eye irritation scores (following grading at 24, 48 and 72 hours post instillation) was 0.0 as mean of corneal opacity (0.00), iritis (0.00), redness (0.00) and chemosis (0.00) in the tested rabbits and accordingly, d-Phenothrin was not classified as eye irritant according to GHS / CLP (Regulation EC No 1272/2008).
As in vivo studies for skin and eye irritation were available, further in vitro studies are not required.
Key value for chemical safety assessment
Skin irritation / corrosion
Link to relevant study records
- Endpoint:
- skin irritation: in vivo
- Type of information:
- experimental study
- Adequacy of study:
- key study
- Study period:
- Feb - May 2006
- Reliability:
- 1 (reliable without restriction)
- Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:
- other: GLP / guideline study without deviations
- Qualifier:
- according to guideline
- Guideline:
- OECD Guideline 404 (Acute Dermal Irritation / Corrosion)
- Deviations:
- no
- GLP compliance:
- yes (incl. QA statement)
- Species:
- rabbit
- Strain:
- New Zealand White
- Details on test animals or test system and environmental conditions:
- TEST ANIMALS
- Source: Animal Breeding Facility, Jai Research Foundation
- Age at study initiation: 18 - 19 weeks
- Weight at study initiation: 2.085 - 2.478 kg
- Housing: individual in stainless steel wire meshed cages
- Diet (e.g. ad libitum): rabbit pellet feed ad libitum
- Water (e.g. ad libitum): charcoal filtered and UV sterilised tap water ad libitum
- Acclimation period: 6 - 8 days
ENVIRONMENTAL CONDITIONS
- Temperature (°C): 20 - 23
- Humidity (%): 65 - 66
- Air changes (per hr): 15
- Photoperiod (hrs dark / hrs light): 12 / 12
IN-LIFE DATES: From: 2006-04-20 To: 2006-04-25 - Type of coverage:
- semiocclusive
- Preparation of test site:
- clipped
- Vehicle:
- unchanged (no vehicle)
- Controls:
- yes, concurrent negative control
- Amount / concentration applied:
- TEST MATERIAL
- Amount(s) applied (volume or weight with unit): 0.5 mL - Duration of treatment / exposure:
- 4 h
- Observation period:
- 72 h
- Number of animals:
- 3
- Details on study design:
- TEST SITE
- Area of exposure: 6 cm²
- Type of wrap if used: gauze
REMOVAL OF TEST SUBSTANCE
- Washing (if done): using cotton soaked with distilled water
- Time after start of exposure: 4 h
SCORING SYSTEM: OECD TG 404 - Irritation parameter:
- erythema score
- Basis:
- animal #1
- Time point:
- 24/48/72 h
- Score:
- 0
- Max. score:
- 4
- Irritation parameter:
- erythema score
- Basis:
- animal #2
- Time point:
- 24/48/72 h
- Score:
- 0
- Max. score:
- 4
- Irritation parameter:
- erythema score
- Basis:
- animal #3
- Time point:
- 24/48/72 h
- Score:
- 0
- Max. score:
- 4
- Irritation parameter:
- edema score
- Basis:
- animal #1
- Time point:
- 24/48/72 h
- Score:
- 0
- Max. score:
- 4
- Irritation parameter:
- edema score
- Basis:
- animal #2
- Time point:
- 24/48/72 h
- Score:
- 0
- Max. score:
- 4
- Irritation parameter:
- edema score
- Basis:
- animal #3
- Time point:
- 24/48/72 h
- Score:
- 0
- Max. score:
- 4
- Irritant / corrosive response data:
- No edema or erythrema were observed in any of the animals at 24, 48 and 72 h scoring points.
- Interpretation of results:
- GHS criteria not met
- Conclusions:
- The mean dermal irritation score of erythema and oedema (following 24, 48 and 72 h observation) was 0.00 and as a result d-phenothrin was not classified for skin irritation in this study according to the criteria of Regulation 1272/2008.
- Executive summary:
This study was performed to assess the acute dermal irritation potential of d-Phenothrin in New Zealand White rabbits. The method followed was as per the guidelines of OECD N° 404 (April 2002).
Three healthy, adult male albino rabbits of the New Zealand White strain were selected for the study. Initially one rabbit was tested with a single patch for a period of 4 hours. Based on the observation at 24 hour post patch removal, the irritation response was confirmed by testing two additional rabbits simultaneously. A gauze patch with 0.5 mL of d-Phenothrin was applied evenly to the intact skin of rabbits and secured at the margins by non-irritating tape for a period of four hours. At the end of the exposure period, the residual test substance was removed with cotton soaked in distilled water. The skin reactions were observed at 1, 24, 48 and 72 h post patch removal and dermal irritation reaction was scored. The control skin site of the rabbits was applied 0.5 mL of distilled water and was normal throughout the experimental period.
The mean dermal irritation score of erythema and oedema (following 24, 48 and 72 h observation) was 0.00 and as a result d-phenothrin was not classified for skin irritation in this study.
Reference
Endpoint conclusion
- Endpoint conclusion:
- no adverse effect observed (not irritating)
Eye irritation
Link to relevant study records
- Endpoint:
- eye irritation: in vivo
- Type of information:
- experimental study
- Adequacy of study:
- key study
- Study period:
- Feb - May 2006
- Reliability:
- 1 (reliable without restriction)
- Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:
- other: GLP / guideline study with no deficiencies
- Qualifier:
- according to guideline
- Guideline:
- OECD Guideline 405 (Acute Eye Irritation / Corrosion)
- Version / remarks:
- 2002 version
- Deviations:
- no
- GLP compliance:
- yes (incl. QA statement)
- Species:
- rabbit
- Strain:
- New Zealand White
- Details on test animals or tissues and environmental conditions:
- TEST ANIMALS
- Source: Animal Breeding Facility, Jai Research Foundation
- Age at study initiation: 14 - 15 weeks
- Weight at study initiation: 2.140 - 2.357 kg
- Housing: individual in stainless steel wire meshed cages
- Diet (e.g. ad libitum): rabbit pellet feed ad libitum
- Water (e.g. ad libitum): charcoal filtered and UV sterilised tap water ad libitum
- Acclimation period: 6 - 8 days
ENVIRONMENTAL CONDITIONS
- Temperature (°C): 20 - 23
- Humidity (%): 65 - 67
- Air changes (per hr): min. 15
- Photoperiod (hrs dark / hrs light): 12 / 12
IN-LIFE DATES: From: 2006-04-24 To: 2006-04-29 - Vehicle:
- unchanged (no vehicle)
- Controls:
- not required
- Amount / concentration applied:
- TEST MATERIAL
- Amount(s) applied (volume or weight with unit): 0.1 mL - Duration of treatment / exposure:
- 24 h
- Observation period (in vivo):
- 72 h
- Number of animals or in vitro replicates:
- 3
- Details on study design:
- REMOVAL OF TEST SUBSTANCE
- Washing (if done): with saline
- Time after start of exposure: 24 h
SCORING SYSTEM: OECD TG 405
TOOL USED TO ASSESS SCORE: ophthalmoscope / fluorescein - Irritation parameter:
- cornea opacity score
- Basis:
- animal #1
- Time point:
- 24/48/72 h
- Score:
- 0
- Max. score:
- 4
- Irritation parameter:
- cornea opacity score
- Basis:
- animal #2
- Time point:
- 24/48/72 h
- Score:
- 0
- Max. score:
- 4
- Irritation parameter:
- cornea opacity score
- Basis:
- animal #3
- Time point:
- 24/48/72 h
- Score:
- 0
- Max. score:
- 4
- Irritation parameter:
- iris score
- Basis:
- animal #1
- Time point:
- 24/48/72 h
- Score:
- 0
- Max. score:
- 2
- Irritation parameter:
- iris score
- Basis:
- animal #2
- Time point:
- 24/48/72 h
- Score:
- 0
- Max. score:
- 2
- Irritation parameter:
- iris score
- Basis:
- animal #3
- Time point:
- 24/48/72 h
- Score:
- 0
- Max. score:
- 2
- Irritation parameter:
- conjunctivae score
- Basis:
- animal #1
- Time point:
- 24/48/72 h
- Score:
- 0
- Max. score:
- 3
- Irritation parameter:
- conjunctivae score
- Basis:
- animal #2
- Time point:
- 24/48/72 h
- Score:
- 0
- Max. score:
- 3
- Irritation parameter:
- conjunctivae score
- Basis:
- animal #3
- Time point:
- 24/48/72 h
- Score:
- 0
- Max. score:
- 3
- Irritation parameter:
- chemosis score
- Basis:
- animal #1
- Time point:
- 24/48/72 h
- Score:
- 0
- Max. score:
- 4
- Irritation parameter:
- chemosis score
- Basis:
- animal #2
- Time point:
- 24/48/72 h
- Score:
- 0
- Max. score:
- 4
- Irritation parameter:
- chemosis score
- Basis:
- animal #3
- Time point:
- 24/48/72 h
- Score:
- 0
- Max. score:
- 4
- Interpretation of results:
- GHS criteria not met
- Conclusions:
- The test substance was found non-irritant in this in vivo study and consequnetly is not callsified as irritating to eyes according to the criteria of Regulation 1272/2008.
- Executive summary:
This study was performed to assess the acute eye irritation potential of d-Phenothrin in New Zealand White rabbits. The method followed was as per the guideline of OECD N° 405 (April 2002).
Three healthy, adult albino male rabbits of the New Zealand White strain were selected for the study. Initially one rabbit was tested. Based on the results obtained at the 24 h post instillation observation, the irritation response was confirmed by testing two additional rabbits simultaneously. A volume of 0.1 mL of d-Phenothrin was instilled into one eye of each rabbit. The contralateral eye served as the control and was instilled with 0.1 mL of normal saline. Observations were made following the method provided by the guideline at 1 hour (on day 0), 24, 48 and 72 hours.
The mean eye irritation scores (following grading at 24, 48 and 72 hours post instillation) of the corneal opacity (0.00), iritis (0.00), redness (0.00) and chemosis (0.00) were not significant in the tested rabbits.
Accordingly, d-Phenothrin was not classified as eye irritant according to GHS / CLP (Regulation EC No 1272/2008)
Reference
Endpoint conclusion
- Endpoint conclusion:
- no adverse effect observed (not irritating)
Respiratory irritation
Endpoint conclusion
- Endpoint conclusion:
- no study available
Additional information
Skin:
A study was performed to assess the acute dermal skin irritation potential of d-Phenothrin in New Zealand White rabbits following guideline of OECD N° 404 (April 2002).
Three healthy, adult male albino rabbits of the New Zealand White strain were selected for the study. Initially one rabbit was tested with a single patch for a period of 4 hours. Based on the observation at 24 hour post patch removal, the irritation response was confirmed by testing two additional rabbits simultaneously. A gauze patch with 0.5 mL of d-Phenothrin was applied evenly to the intact skin of rabbits and secured at the margins by non-irritating tape for a period of four hours. At the end of the exposure period, the residual test substance was removed with cotton soaked in distilled water. The skin reactions were observed at 1, 24, 48 and 72 h post patch removal and dermal irritation reaction was scored. The control skin site of the rabbits was applied 0.5 mL of distilled water and was normal throughout the experimental period.
The mean dermal irritation score of erythema and oedema (following 24, 48 and 72 h observation) was 0.00 and as a result d-phenothrin was not classified for skin irritation in this study.
Eye:
A study was performed to assess the acute eye irritation potential of d-Phenothrin in New Zealand White rabbits. The method followed was as per the guideline of OECD N° 405 (April 2002).
Three healthy, adult albino male rabbits of the New Zealand White strain were selected for the study. Initially one rabbit was tested. Based on the results obtained at the 24 h post instillation observation, the irritation response was confirmed by testing two additional rabbits simultaneously. A volume of 0.1 mL of d-Phenothrin was instilled into one eye of each rabbit. The contralateral eye served as the control and was instilled with 0.1 mL of normal saline. Observations were made following the method provided by the guideline at 1 hour (on day 0), 24, 48 and 72 hours.
The mean eye irritation scores (following grading at 24, 48 and 72 hours post instillation) of the corneal opacity (0.00), iritis (0.00), redness (0.00) and chemosis (0.00) were not significant in the tested rabbits.
Accordingly, d-Phenothrin was not classified as eye irritant according to GHS / CLP (Regulation EC No 1272/2008)
Justification for classification or non-classification
In studies according to OECD 404 and 405 no irritation of skin or eyes was seen upon exposure to d-Phenothrin and thus the substance is not subject to classification for skin or eye irritation according to CLP (Regulation EC No 1272/2008).
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