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EC number: 813-130-5 | CAS number: 4039-86-5
- Life Cycle description
- Uses advised against
- Endpoint summary
- Appearance / physical state / colour
- Melting point / freezing point
- Boiling point
- Density
- Particle size distribution (Granulometry)
- Vapour pressure
- Partition coefficient
- Water solubility
- Solubility in organic solvents / fat solubility
- Surface tension
- Flash point
- Auto flammability
- Flammability
- Explosiveness
- Oxidising properties
- Oxidation reduction potential
- Stability in organic solvents and identity of relevant degradation products
- Storage stability and reactivity towards container material
- Stability: thermal, sunlight, metals
- pH
- Dissociation constant
- Viscosity
- Additional physico-chemical information
- Additional physico-chemical properties of nanomaterials
- Nanomaterial agglomeration / aggregation
- Nanomaterial crystalline phase
- Nanomaterial crystallite and grain size
- Nanomaterial aspect ratio / shape
- Nanomaterial specific surface area
- Nanomaterial Zeta potential
- Nanomaterial surface chemistry
- Nanomaterial dustiness
- Nanomaterial porosity
- Nanomaterial pour density
- Nanomaterial photocatalytic activity
- Nanomaterial radical formation potential
- Nanomaterial catalytic activity
- Endpoint summary
- Stability
- Biodegradation
- Bioaccumulation
- Transport and distribution
- Environmental data
- Additional information on environmental fate and behaviour
- Ecotoxicological Summary
- Aquatic toxicity
- Endpoint summary
- Short-term toxicity to fish
- Long-term toxicity to fish
- Short-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Long-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Toxicity to aquatic algae and cyanobacteria
- Toxicity to aquatic plants other than algae
- Toxicity to microorganisms
- Endocrine disrupter testing in aquatic vertebrates – in vivo
- Toxicity to other aquatic organisms
- Sediment toxicity
- Terrestrial toxicity
- Biological effects monitoring
- Biotransformation and kinetics
- Additional ecotoxological information
- Toxicological Summary
- Toxicokinetics, metabolism and distribution
- Acute Toxicity
- Irritation / corrosion
- Sensitisation
- Repeated dose toxicity
- Genetic toxicity
- Carcinogenicity
- Toxicity to reproduction
- Specific investigations
- Exposure related observations in humans
- Toxic effects on livestock and pets
- Additional toxicological data
Endpoint summary
Administrative data
Description of key information
Skin:
In an in vitro skin irriation study (OECD 439) a mean tissue viability of 40.3 % was determined.
In an in vitro skin corrosion study (OECD 431) a mean tissue viability of 114.3 % after 3 min exposure and 94.1 % after 1 h exposure to the test substance was determined.
Eye irriation
In an in vitro eye irritation study (OECD 437) an In Vitro Irritancy score (IVIS) of 0.5 was determined.
In an in vitro Reconstructed Human Cornealike Epithelium (RhCE) eye irritation study a tissue viablity of 65.5 % was observed.
Key value for chemical safety assessment
Skin irritation / corrosion
Link to relevant study records
- Endpoint:
- skin irritation: in vitro / ex vivo
- Type of information:
- experimental study
- Adequacy of study:
- weight of evidence
- Study period:
- 2014-12-09 to 2015-03-23
- Reliability:
- 1 (reliable without restriction)
- Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:
- other: Experimental study according to guideline and GLP
- Qualifier:
- according to guideline
- Guideline:
- OECD Guideline 439 (In Vitro Skin Irritation: Reconstructed Human Epidermis Test Method)
- Version / remarks:
- 2013
- Deviations:
- no
- Qualifier:
- according to guideline
- Guideline:
- EU Method B.46 (In Vitro Skin Irritation: Reconstructed Human Epidermis Model Test)
- Version / remarks:
- 2012
- Deviations:
- no
- GLP compliance:
- yes (incl. QA statement)
- Remarks:
- BASF SE, Experimental Toxicology and Ecology, 67056 Ludwigshafen, Germany
- Species:
- human
- Details on test animals or test system and environmental conditions:
- Kits used:
- EpiDerm™ 200 kit (Lot: 21607)
- Source: MatTek In Vitro Life Science Laboratories, Bratislava, Slovakia,
- containing: 24 Epi-200 tissues (reconstructed epidermis): surface 0.6 cm² cultured in Millicells® ∅ 1 cm
- Tissue for MTT reduction control: Epi-200 tissue that is killed by freezing at –20°C - Vehicle:
- unchanged (no vehicle)
- Controls:
- other: negative, positive and MTT-reduction control
- Amount / concentration applied:
- TEST MATERIAL
- Amount applied: 30 µL
- Concentration: undiluted - Duration of treatment / exposure:
- 1 h
- Details on study design:
- please refer to "Any other information on materials and methods"
- Irritation / corrosion parameter:
- other: other: viability
- Value:
- 40.3
- Remarks on result:
- other:
- Remarks:
- Basis: mean. Time point: 1 h exposure, 42 h post-exposure. Reversibility: other: not applicable. Remarks: %. (migrated information)
- Interpretation of results:
- irritating
- Remarks:
- Migrated information
Reference
Test substance |
|
|
Tissue 1 |
Tissue 2 |
Tissue 3 |
Mean |
SD |
CV [%] |
Negative control |
Viable tissues |
Mean OD570 |
2.304 |
2.649 |
2.488 |
2.480 |
0.173 |
|
Viability [% of NC] |
92.9 |
106.8 |
100.3 |
100.0 |
7.0 |
7.0 |
||
KC tissues |
Mean OD570 |
0.062 |
0.066 |
0.055 |
0.061 |
0.005 |
|
|
Viability [% of NC] |
2.5 |
2.6 |
2.2 |
2.4 |
0.2 |
8.7 |
||
Test substance |
Viable tissues |
Mean OD570 |
0.812 |
0.986 |
1.198 |
0.999 |
0.193 |
|
Viability [% of NC] |
32.7 |
39.8 |
48.3 |
40.3 |
7.8 |
19.4 |
||
KC tissues |
Mean OD570 corrected |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
|
|
Viability [% of NC] |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
- |
||
Positive control |
Viable tissues |
Mean OD570 |
0.063 |
0.068 |
0.072 |
0.067 |
0.005 |
|
Viability [% of NC] |
2.5 |
2.7 |
2.9 |
2.7 |
0.2 |
7.1 |
Negative values were set to zero for further calculation
CV=coefficient of variation
SD=standard deviation
Due to the ability of the test substance to reduce MTT directly, KC tissues were applied in parallel. However, the result of the KC did not indicate an increased MTT reduction. Thus the mean viability is given without KC correction.
Endpoint conclusion
- Endpoint conclusion:
- adverse effect observed (irritating)
Eye irritation
Link to relevant study records
- Endpoint:
- eye irritation: in vitro / ex vivo
- Type of information:
- experimental study
- Adequacy of study:
- weight of evidence
- Study period:
- 2014-12-01 to 12015-03-23
- Reliability:
- 1 (reliable without restriction)
- Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:
- other: Experimental study according to guideline and GLP
- Qualifier:
- according to guideline
- Guideline:
- OECD Guideline 437 (Bovine Corneal Opacity and Permeability Test Method for Identifying Ocular Corrosives and Severe Irritants)
- Version / remarks:
- 2013
- Deviations:
- no
- Qualifier:
- according to guideline
- Guideline:
- other: Commission Regulation (EU) No. 1152/2010 of 8 December 2010 Part B: Methods for the det.: Bovine Corneal Opacity and Permeability Test, Method for identifying ocular corrosives and severe irritants; Official Journal of the European Union, No. L 324 (B.47?
- Deviations:
- no
- GLP compliance:
- yes (incl. QA statement)
- Remarks:
- BASF SE, Experimental Toxicology and Ecology, 67056 Ludwigshafen, Germany
- Vehicle:
- unchanged (no vehicle)
- Amount / concentration applied:
- TEST MATERIAL
- Amount applied: 750 µL
- Concentration: undiluted - Duration of treatment / exposure:
- 10 min
- Details on study design:
- Please refer to "Any other information on materials and methods"
- Irritation parameter:
- in vitro irritation score
- Run / experiment:
- 10 min exposure, 2 h post-exposure (test substance)
- Value:
- 0.5
- Irritation parameter:
- in vitro irritation score
- Run / experiment:
- 10 min exposure, 2 h post-exposure (negative control)
- Value:
- 1.9
- Irritation parameter:
- in vitro irritation score
- Run / experiment:
- 10 min exposure, 2 h post-exposure (positive control, ethanol 100 %)
- Value:
- 63.3
- Irritation parameter:
- in vitro irritation score
- Run / experiment:
- 10 min exposure, 2 h post-exposure (positive control, Dimethylformamid 100 %)
- Value:
- 129
- Interpretation of results:
- other: not irritating and not corrosive
Reference
Opacity
Substance |
Cornea No. |
Initial opacity |
Final opacity |
Opacity change |
Corrected opacity change |
Mean |
SD |
Test substance |
10 |
2.5 |
5.5 |
3 |
1.1 |
0.5 |
0.6 |
11 |
2.8 |
5.1 |
2.3 |
0.5 |
|||
12 |
4.6 |
5.9 |
1.3 |
0.0 |
|||
Negative control |
1 |
1.7 |
2.3 |
0.7 |
NA |
1.8 |
2.6 |
2 |
4.4 |
3.4 |
0.0 |
NA |
|||
3 |
4.3 |
9.1 |
4.9 |
NA |
|||
Ethanol (100 %) |
4 |
5.6 |
36.8 |
31.2 |
29.3 |
32.4 |
3.5 |
5 |
3.7 |
37.2 |
33.6 |
31.7 |
|||
6 |
2.1 |
40.1 |
38.0 |
36.2 |
|||
Dimethylformamid (100 %) |
7 |
2.2 |
95.9 |
93.7 |
91.8 |
104.0 |
13.2 |
8 |
4.0 |
123.8 |
119.8 |
118.0 |
|||
9 |
2.7 |
106.8 |
104.1 |
102.2 |
Permeability
Substance |
Cornea No. |
Mean OD490 |
Dilution factor |
Mean corrected OD490 |
Mean |
SD |
Test substance |
10 |
0.001 |
1 |
0.001 |
0.001 |
0.001 |
11 |
0.002 |
1 |
0.002 |
|||
12 |
-0.002 |
1 |
0 |
|||
Negative control |
1 |
-0.002 |
1 |
NA |
0 |
0 |
2 |
0 |
1 |
NA |
|||
3 |
0 |
1 |
NA |
|||
Ethanol (100 %) |
4 |
0.446 |
5 |
2.231 |
2.059 |
0.318 |
5 |
0.338 |
5 |
1.691 |
|||
6 |
0.451 |
5 |
2.253 |
|||
Dimethylformamid (100 %) |
7 |
0.172 |
5 |
0.860 |
1.665 |
0.736 |
8 |
0.461 |
5 |
2.305 |
|||
9 |
0.366 |
5 |
1.830 |
In Vitro Irritancy score (IVIS)
Substance |
Cornea No. |
Opacity per cornea |
Permeability per cornea |
IVIS |
||
per cornea |
per group |
|||||
Mean |
SD |
|||||
Test substance |
10 |
1.1 |
0.001 |
1.1 |
0.5 |
0.6 |
11 |
0.5 |
0.002 |
0.5 |
|||
12 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
|||
Negative control |
1 |
0.7 |
0 |
0.7 |
1.9 |
2.6 |
2 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
|||
3 |
4.9 |
0.001 |
4.9 |
|||
Ethanol (100 %) |
4 |
29.3 |
2.231 |
62.8 |
63.3 |
6.5 |
5 |
31.7 |
1.691 |
57.1 |
|||
6 |
36.2 |
2.253 |
70.0 |
|||
Dimethylformamid (100 %) |
7 |
91.8 |
0.860 |
104.7 |
129.0 |
23.9 |
8 |
118.0 |
2.305 |
152.5 |
|||
9 |
102.2 |
1.830 |
139.7 |
Endpoint conclusion
- Endpoint conclusion:
- no adverse effect observed (not irritating)
Additional information
Weight of evidence approaches with each two in vitro studies were done to evaluate if the test substance was irritating or corrosive to the skin and irritating or corrosive to the eye.
Skin corrosion
The in vitro Human Skin Model Test with EpiDerm™ study according to OECD 431 was performed to assess the corrosive potential of the test substance. Independent duplicate tissues of EpiDerm™ were exposed to either the test substance, the negative control (deionised water) or the positive control (8.0 N KOH) for 3 min and 1 hour. 50 μL (dose calculation was adjusted to purity) of the test substance were dispensed directly onto duplicate EpiDermTM tissue surface. After exposure of the tissues to the test substance the mean tissue viability (corrected) was 114.3 % after 3 minutes exposure and 94.1 % after 1 h exposure. Both values did not touch the threshold for corrosivity, which is defined to be < 50% after the 3 minutes exposure and < 15% after the 1 hour exposure. Therefore, the test substance was not considered to be corrosive. In conclusion, it can be stated that in this study and under the reported experimental conditions, the test substance was non corrosive to skin and therefore has not be be classified into Category 1 according to EU CLP and UN GHS.
Skin irritation
The in vitro Human Skin Model Test with EpiDerm™ study according to OECD 439 was performed to assess the irritation potential of the test substance. Independent triplicate tissues of EpiDerm™ were exposed to either the test item, the negative control (PBS) or the positive control (5 % SDS in water) for 1 hour. 30 μL of the test item were dispensed directly onto triplicate EpiDermTM tissue surface, and spread to match the surface of the tissue. After exposure of the tissues to the test substance the mean tissue viability decreased to 40.3 % after 1 h exposure. This value is below the threshold for irritation, which is defined to be < 50 %. Therefore, the test substance was considered to be skin irritating. In conclusion, it can be stated that in this study and under the reported experimental conditions, the test substance was irritating to skin and therefore is classified as Category 2 according to EU CLP and UN GHS.
Eye irritation / corrosion
An in vitro study with fresh bovine cornea was conducted according to OECD 437 to investigate the eye irritation properties of the test substance. After a first opacity measurement of the fresh bovine corneae, the undiluted test substance, the positive and the negative controls were applied to corneae (750 µL) and incubated for 10 min at 32 °C. After the incubation phase the substances were rinsed from the corneae. The corneae were incubated for 2 h at 32 °C in incubation medium, and opacity was measured a second time. After the opacity measurements permeability of the corneae was determined by measuring spectrophotometrically the transfer of sodium fluorescein after incubation in a horizontal position for 90 minutes at 32 °C. The positive controls showed clear opacity and distinctive permeability of the corneae (mean IVIS = 63.3 for ethanol and 129 for dimethylformamid). Relative to the negative control, the test substance did not cause an increase of the corneal opacity or permeability. The calculated mean IVIS was 0.5 (threshold for serious eye damage: IVIS ≥55). According to OECD 437 the test item is not identified as corrosive or severe irritant.
An in vitro study with a three dimensional human cornea model (EpiOcular™) was conducted to investigate the eye irritation properties of the test substance. Independent duplicate tissues of EpiOcular™ were exposed to either the test substance, the negative control (deionised water) or the positive control (Methyl acetate) for 30 min followed by a 2-hours post-incubation period. 50 μL of the test substance were dispensed directly onto tissue surface. After exposure of the tissues to the test substance the mean tissue viability was 65.6 %. The values did not touch the threshold for irritation, which is defined to be ≤ 60 %. Therefore, it can be stated that in this study and under the reported experimental conditions, the test substance was non-irritant to the eye.
As one in vitro study showed that the test substance is not corrosive or severe irritating to the eye and a second in vitro study that the test substance is in general not irritating it can be concluded that the test substance is not classified as corrosive or irritating to the eye.
Justification for selection of skin irritation / corrosion endpoint:
The most sensitive endpoint was considered.
Justification for selection of eye irritation endpoint:
The study showed non-irritating properties of the test substance and the result was further supported by a second in vitro test.
Effects on skin irritation/corrosion: irritating
Justification for classification or non-classification
Skin irritation/corrosion
Classification, Labelling, and Packaging Regulation (EC) No 1272/2008
The available experimental test data are reliable and suitable for classification purposes under Regulation (EC) No 1272/2008, as amended for the seventh time in Regulation (EC) No 2015/1221. As a result the substance is considered not classified for skin corrosion but to be classified for skin irritation in Category 2 and. H315: Causes skin irritation.
Eye irritation/corrosion
Classification, Labelling, and Packaging Regulation (EC) No 1272/2008
The available experimental test data are reliable and suitable for classification purposes under Regulation (EC) No 1272/2008, as amended for the seventh time in Regulation (EC) No 2015/1221. As a result the substance is considered to be not classified as corrosive or irritating to the eye.
Information on Registered Substances comes from registration dossiers which have been assigned a registration number. The assignment of a registration number does however not guarantee that the information in the dossier is correct or that the dossier is compliant with Regulation (EC) No 1907/2006 (the REACH Regulation). This information has not been reviewed or verified by the Agency or any other authority. The content is subject to change without prior notice.
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