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EC number: 242-854-9 | CAS number: 19168-23-1
- Life Cycle description
- Uses advised against
- Endpoint summary
- Appearance / physical state / colour
- Melting point / freezing point
- Boiling point
- Density
- Particle size distribution (Granulometry)
- Vapour pressure
- Partition coefficient
- Water solubility
- Solubility in organic solvents / fat solubility
- Surface tension
- Flash point
- Auto flammability
- Flammability
- Explosiveness
- Oxidising properties
- Oxidation reduction potential
- Stability in organic solvents and identity of relevant degradation products
- Storage stability and reactivity towards container material
- Stability: thermal, sunlight, metals
- pH
- Dissociation constant
- Viscosity
- Additional physico-chemical information
- Additional physico-chemical properties of nanomaterials
- Nanomaterial agglomeration / aggregation
- Nanomaterial crystalline phase
- Nanomaterial crystallite and grain size
- Nanomaterial aspect ratio / shape
- Nanomaterial specific surface area
- Nanomaterial Zeta potential
- Nanomaterial surface chemistry
- Nanomaterial dustiness
- Nanomaterial porosity
- Nanomaterial pour density
- Nanomaterial photocatalytic activity
- Nanomaterial radical formation potential
- Nanomaterial catalytic activity
- Endpoint summary
- Stability
- Biodegradation
- Bioaccumulation
- Transport and distribution
- Environmental data
- Additional information on environmental fate and behaviour
- Ecotoxicological Summary
- Aquatic toxicity
- Endpoint summary
- Short-term toxicity to fish
- Long-term toxicity to fish
- Short-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Long-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Toxicity to aquatic algae and cyanobacteria
- Toxicity to aquatic plants other than algae
- Toxicity to microorganisms
- Endocrine disrupter testing in aquatic vertebrates – in vivo
- Toxicity to other aquatic organisms
- Sediment toxicity
- Terrestrial toxicity
- Biological effects monitoring
- Biotransformation and kinetics
- Additional ecotoxological information
- Toxicological Summary
- Toxicokinetics, metabolism and distribution
- Acute Toxicity
- Irritation / corrosion
- Sensitisation
- Repeated dose toxicity
- Genetic toxicity
- Carcinogenicity
- Toxicity to reproduction
- Specific investigations
- Exposure related observations in humans
- Toxic effects on livestock and pets
- Additional toxicological data
Eye irritation
Administrative data
- Endpoint:
- eye irritation: in vivo
- Type of information:
- experimental study
- Adequacy of study:
- key study
- Study period:
- 4 September 1989 – 4 September 1989
- Reliability:
- 1 (reliable without restriction)
- Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:
- other: GLP study conducted according to a company standard protocol designed to comply with the recommendations of OECD guideline No. 405
Data source
Reference
- Reference Type:
- study report
- Title:
- Unnamed
- Year:
- 1 989
- Report date:
- 1989
Materials and methods
Test guideline
- Qualifier:
- according to guideline
- Guideline:
- OECD Guideline 405 (Acute Eye Irritation / Corrosion)
- Deviations:
- no
- GLP compliance:
- yes (incl. QA statement)
Test material
- Reference substance name:
- Reference substance 001
- Cas Number:
- 19168-23-1
- Test material form:
- solid: particulate/powder
- Remarks:
- migrated information: powder
- Details on test material:
- - Name of test material (as cited in study report): ammonium hexachloropalladate (IV)
- Substance type: red coloured powder
- Physical state: solid
- Lot/batch No.: 042011
- Stability under test conditions: not determined
- Storage condition of test material: room temperature
Constituent 1
Test animals / tissue source
- Species:
- rabbit
- Strain:
- New Zealand White
- Details on test animals or tissues and environmental conditions:
- TEST ANIMALS
- Source: David Percival Ltd, Moston, Sandbach, Cheshire, UK
- Age at study initiation: approx. 12-16 wk
- Weight at study initiation: 2.95 kg
- Housing: individually in a suspended metal cages
- Diet: ad libitum Rabbit Diet supplied by Preston Farmers Limited, New Leake, Boston, Lincolnshire, UK
- Water: ad libitum
- Acclimation period: minimum of 5 days
ENVIRONMENTAL CONDITIONS
- Temperature (°C): 20-21
- Humidity (%): 61
- Air changes (per hr): approx. 15/hr
- Photoperiod (hrs dark / hrs light): 12 hours light and 12 hours dark
Test system
- Vehicle:
- unchanged (no vehicle)
- Controls:
- no
- Amount / concentration applied:
- TEST MATERIAL
- Amount(s) applied (volume or weight with unit): approx. 100 mg - Duration of treatment / exposure:
- 1 hr
- Observation period (in vivo):
- 1 hr
- Number of animals or in vitro replicates:
- One male
- Details on study design:
- REMOVAL OF TEST SUBSTANCE
- Washing (if done): not done
SCORING SYSTEM: Eye damage/irritation was assessed 1 hr following treatment according to Draize, 1959 and the numerical values corresponding to each tissue were recorded to give the total score for the conjunctivae (redness, chemosis and discharge), iris and cornea (degree and area of opacity). Using the numerical data obtained, the ocular irritancy potential was assessed by a modified version of the system described by Kay and Calandra, 1962.
TOOL USED TO ASSESS SCORE: light source from a standard ophthalmoscope
Results and discussion
In vivo
Resultsopen allclose all
- Irritation parameter:
- overall irritation score
- Basis:
- animal #1
- Time point:
- other: 1 hr
- Score:
- <= 106
- Reversibility:
- not specified
- Irritation parameter:
- cornea opacity score
- Basis:
- animal #1
- Time point:
- other: 1 hr
- Score:
- 80
- Max. score:
- 80
- Reversibility:
- not specified
- Remarks on result:
- other: Total corneal opacity noted 1 hr after treatment.
- Irritation parameter:
- iris score
- Basis:
- animal #1
- Time point:
- other: 1 hr
- Score:
- <= 10
- Reversibility:
- not specified
- Remarks on result:
- other: Corneal opacity precluded evaluation of the iridial damage.
- Irritation parameter:
- conjunctivae score
- Basis:
- animal #1
- Time point:
- other: 1 hr
- Score:
- <= 16
- Reversibility:
- not specified
- Remarks on result:
- other: Yellow-coloured staining of the nictitating and conjunctival membranes precluded evaluation of the conjunctival redness. Severe swelling of the conjunctival membranes was also noted.
- Irritation parameter:
- chemosis score
- Basis:
- animal #1
- Time point:
- other: 1 hr
- Score:
- 4
- Max. score:
- 4
- Reversibility:
- not specified
- Irritant / corrosive response data:
- Severe ocular reactions were produced 1 hr after treatment. Total corneal opacity was noted 1 hr after treatment and this precluded evaluation of the iridial damage. Severe swelling of the conjunctival membranes was noted, however yellow-coloured staining of the nictitating and conjunctival membranes precluded evaluation of the conjunctival redness.
- Other effects:
- The animal showed signs of distress and was killed, for humane reasons, 1 hr after treatment.
Applicant's summary and conclusion
- Interpretation of results:
- Category I
- Remarks:
- Migrated information Criteria used for interpretation of results: EU
- Conclusions:
- In a GLP eye irritation study, equivalent to OECD Test Guideline 405, undiluted diammonium hexachloropalladate (100 mg) produced very severe eye irritation following instillation into the eye of one male rabbit.
- Executive summary:
In a GLP study, equivalent to OECD Test Guideline 405, undiluted diammonium hexachloropalladate (100 mg) was instilled into one eye of one rabbit and both lids were briefly closed by gentle finger pressure. The other eye remained untreated and acted as the control. The treated eye was then assessed, after 1 hr, using the Draize scale for signs of irritation on the cornea, iris and conjunctiva.
Due to signs of distress, the animal was killed, for humane reasons, 1 hr after treatment and no further animals were tested. The scores were combined using a modified version of the system described by Kay and Calandra to give an ocular irritancy potential of ≤106. Diammonium hexachloropalladate was, therefore, considered a very severe irritant in this test system.
As the results were based on only one rabbit, it is not possible to give a definitive interpretation according to EU CLP criteria. However, it is considered appropriate to classify the test material for serious eye damage (Category 1), according to CLP criteria (EC 1272/2008), as the severe effects observed are not expected to be reversible.
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