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EC number: 270-393-3 | CAS number: 68427-35-0
- Life Cycle description
- Uses advised against
- Endpoint summary
- Appearance / physical state / colour
- Melting point / freezing point
- Boiling point
- Density
- Particle size distribution (Granulometry)
- Vapour pressure
- Partition coefficient
- Water solubility
- Solubility in organic solvents / fat solubility
- Surface tension
- Flash point
- Auto flammability
- Flammability
- Explosiveness
- Oxidising properties
- Oxidation reduction potential
- Stability in organic solvents and identity of relevant degradation products
- Storage stability and reactivity towards container material
- Stability: thermal, sunlight, metals
- pH
- Dissociation constant
- Viscosity
- Additional physico-chemical information
- Additional physico-chemical properties of nanomaterials
- Nanomaterial agglomeration / aggregation
- Nanomaterial crystalline phase
- Nanomaterial crystallite and grain size
- Nanomaterial aspect ratio / shape
- Nanomaterial specific surface area
- Nanomaterial Zeta potential
- Nanomaterial surface chemistry
- Nanomaterial dustiness
- Nanomaterial porosity
- Nanomaterial pour density
- Nanomaterial photocatalytic activity
- Nanomaterial radical formation potential
- Nanomaterial catalytic activity
- Endpoint summary
- Stability
- Biodegradation
- Bioaccumulation
- Transport and distribution
- Environmental data
- Additional information on environmental fate and behaviour
- Ecotoxicological Summary
- Aquatic toxicity
- Endpoint summary
- Short-term toxicity to fish
- Long-term toxicity to fish
- Short-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Long-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Toxicity to aquatic algae and cyanobacteria
- Toxicity to aquatic plants other than algae
- Toxicity to microorganisms
- Endocrine disrupter testing in aquatic vertebrates – in vivo
- Toxicity to other aquatic organisms
- Sediment toxicity
- Terrestrial toxicity
- Biological effects monitoring
- Biotransformation and kinetics
- Additional ecotoxological information
- Toxicological Summary
- Toxicokinetics, metabolism and distribution
- Acute Toxicity
- Irritation / corrosion
- Sensitisation
- Repeated dose toxicity
- Genetic toxicity
- Carcinogenicity
- Toxicity to reproduction
- Specific investigations
- Exposure related observations in humans
- Toxic effects on livestock and pets
- Additional toxicological data
Short-term toxicity to fish
Administrative data
Link to relevant study record(s)
- Endpoint:
- short-term toxicity to fish
- Type of information:
- experimental study
- Adequacy of study:
- key study
- Study period:
- 30 December 2016 to 06 March 2017
- Reliability:
- 1 (reliable without restriction)
- Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:
- guideline study
- Qualifier:
- according to guideline
- Guideline:
- OECD Guideline 203 (Fish, Acute Toxicity Test)
- Version / remarks:
- 1992
- Deviations:
- no
- Qualifier:
- according to guideline
- Guideline:
- EU Method C.1 (Acute Toxicity for Fish)
- Version / remarks:
- 2008
- Deviations:
- no
- Qualifier:
- according to guideline
- Guideline:
- other: Guidance document on aquatic toxicity testing of difficult items and mixtures, OECD series on testing and assessment number 23
- Version / remarks:
- 2000
- Deviations:
- no
- GLP compliance:
- yes
- Analytical monitoring:
- yes
- Details on sampling:
- - Concentrations: Samples for possible analysis were taken from the test concentration and the control. In addition, the filter used to prepare the saturated solution (SS) was retained for possible analysis of the residue.
- Sampling method: At t = 0, t = 24 and t = 96 h, 3.0 mL was sampled.
- Sample storage conditions before analysis: Samples were stored in a freezer (≤ -15 °C) until analysis. - Vehicle:
- no
- Details on test solutions:
- PREPARATION AND APPLICATION OF TEST SOLUTION (especially for difficult test substances)
Preparation of test solutions started with a loading rate of 100 mg/L applying three days of magnetic stirring to reach the maximum dissolution of the test material in medium. The obtained aqueous mixture was filtered through a 0.45 μm membrane filter (RC55, Whatman) and the resulting saturated solution (SS) was used as the highest test concentration. Lower test concentrations for the combined limit/range-finding test were prepared by subsequent dilutions of the SS in test medium. All test solutions were clear and colourless at the end of the preparation procedure. - Test organisms (species):
- Cyprinus carpio
- Details on test organisms:
- TEST ORGANISM
- Common name: Carp
- Strain: Carp (Cyprinus carpio, Teleostei, Cyprinidae) Linnaeus, 1758
- Age at study initiation: Not specified
- Length at study initiation: 3.6 ± 0.2 cm
- Weight at study initiation: 0.58 ± 0.12 g
- Method of breeding: F1 from a single parent-pair bred in UV-treated water
ACCLIMATION
- Acclimation period: At least 12 days after delivery
- Acclimation conditions (same as test or not): Yes
- Type of food during acclimation: Pelleted fish food
- Feeding frequency during acclimation: Daily
- Health during acclimation (any mortality observed): In the batch of fish used for the test, mortality during the seven days prior to the start of the test was less than 5 %.
FEEDING DURING TEST: No - Test type:
- static
- Water media type:
- freshwater
- Limit test:
- yes
- Total exposure duration:
- 96 h
- Hardness:
- 180 mg CaCO3/L
- Test temperature:
- 21 to 22 °C
- pH:
- 7.2 to 8.1
- Dissolved oxygen:
- 5.6 to 9.8 mg O2/L
- Nominal and measured concentrations:
- - Nominal concentration: 100 % of a SS prepared at 100 mg/L
- Measured concentration: 0.018 mg/L - Details on test conditions:
- TEST SYSTEM
- Test vessel: 10 L
- Material, size, headspace, fill volume: All-glass vessels containing 9 L of solution
- Aeration: The test media were not aerated during the test
- No. of organisms per vessel: 7
- No. of vessels per concentration (replicates): 1
- No. of vessels per control (replicates): 1
- Biomass loading rate: 0.45 g fish/L, i.e. 7 fish per 9 litres of test medium
TEST MEDIUM / WATER PARAMETERS
- Source/preparation of dilution water: Adjusted ISO medium, formulated using RO-water (tap-water purified by reverse osmosis; GEON Waterbehandeling, Berkel-Enschot, The Netherlands) with the following composition: CaCl2.2H2O 211.5 mg/L, MgSO4.7H2O 88.8 mg/L, NaHCO3 46.7 mg/L and KCl 4.2 mg/L
- Culture medium different from test medium: No
- Intervals of water quality measurement: Dissolved oxygen content, pH and temperature were measured daily in all vessels with surviving fish, beginning at the start of the test (day 0).
OTHER TEST CONDITIONS
- Adjustment of pH: No
- Photoperiod: 16 hour photoperiod daily
EFFECT PARAMETERS MEASURED (with observation intervals if applicable):
Mortality and other effects were observed at 2.75, 24, 48, 72 and 96 hours following the start of exposure. In addition, fish were observed every afternoon from day 0 to check for any dead or severely distressed fish. Dead fish were removed when observed. At the end of the test the surviving fish were rapidly killed by exposing them to ca. 1.2 % ethylene glycol monophenylether in water.
TEST CONCENTRATIONS
- Range finding study: Yes
- Test concentrations: 1.0, 10 and 100 % of a SS prepared at 100 mg/L
- Results used to determine the conditions for the definitive study: Yes. No mortality or clinical effects were observed at any of the test concentrations during the test period. Therefore, the expected LC50 was above a concentration obtained in 100 % of a SS prepared at 100 mg/L. - Reference substance (positive control):
- yes
- Remarks:
- pentachlorophenol
- Key result
- Duration:
- 96 h
- Dose descriptor:
- LC50
- Effect conc.:
- > 0.018 mg/L
- Nominal / measured:
- meas. (TWA)
- Conc. based on:
- test mat.
- Basis for effect:
- mortality (fish)
- Details on results:
- No mortality or clinical effects were observed at the limit concentration and in the control during the test period. The responses recorded in this test allowed for reliable determination of an LC50.
Samples taken from 100 % of the SS prepared at 100 mg/L were analysed. The measured concentration was just above LOD, i.e. 0.021 mg/L at the start of the test. During the exposure period the measured concentration decreased slightly to 73 % of initial at the end of the test. Given this results, the LC50 values were calculated using the TWA concentration, i.e. 0.018 mg/L.
ACCEPTABILITY OF THE TEST
1. No mortality was observed in the control at the end of the test.
2. Test conditions were maintained in a constant manner throughout the test.
3. The dissolved oxygen concentration was at least 60 % of the air saturation value throughout the test (>5 mg/L at 22 °C).
4. Since the measured concentrations deviated by more than 20 % from initial, results were based on the time weighted average exposure concentration. - Results with reference substance (positive control):
- The objective was to evaluate Pentachlorophenol (PCP) for its ability to generate acute toxic effects in Cyprinus carpio during an exposure period of 96 hours and to determine the LC50 at all observation times. The reference test was carried out to check the sensitivity of the test system as used by the testing facility. Concentrations tested were 0.10, 0.22 and 0.46 mg/L in ISO-medium.
All carp exposed to a PCP concentration of 0.46 mg/L died within 24 hours, while no mortality occurred at 0.10 and 0.22 mg/L. The 96 h-LC50 for carp exposed to PCP was 0.32 mg/L (95 % confidence interval between 0.22 and 0.46 mg/L). This effect was already reached within 24 hours of exposure. The range of the 96 h-LC50 for carp is generally between 0.10 and 0.46 mg/L based on historical data. Hence, the sensitivity of carp originating from the present batch for PCP falls within the range of sensitivities generally observed. - Reported statistics and error estimates:
- No LC50 values could be determined because the observed effects were below 50 %.
- Validity criteria fulfilled:
- yes
- Conclusions:
- Due to the low solubility of the test material in water, concentration levels that might be toxic for carp could not be reached. Under the conditions of this study, the 96 h-LC50 was >0.018 mg/L based on the TWA concentration.
- Executive summary:
The potential for the test material to cause acute toxicity to fish was investigated in accordance with the standardised guidelines OECD 203, EU Method C.1 and the OECD series on testing and assessment number 23 under GLP conditions.
A limit test was performed under static conditions based on the results of a preceding range-finding test. The test material was not completely soluble in test medium at the loading rate initially prepared. A saturated solution (SS) was prepared at a loading rate of 100 mg/L and used as the test concentration. Seven fish per concentration were exposed to a control and to 100 % of the SS prepared at 100 mg/L. The total exposure period was 96 hours and samples for analytical confirmation of exposure concentrations were taken at the start, after 24 hours of exposure and at the end of the test.
No mortality or clinical effects were observed at the limit concentration and in the control during the test period. The responses recorded in this test allowed for reliable determination of an LC50.
Samples taken from 100 % of the SS prepared at 100 mg/L were analysed. The measured concentration was 0.021 mg/L at the start of the test. During the exposure period the measured concentration decreased slightly to 73 % of initial at the end of the test. Given this result, the LC50 was calculated using the TWA concentration, i.e. 0.018 mg/L.
The study met the acceptability criteria prescribed by the study plan and was considered valid.
Due to the low solubility of the test material in water, concentration levels that might be toxic for carp could not be reached. Under the conditions of this study, the 96 h-LC50 was >0.018 mg/L based on the TWA concentration.
Reference
Description of key information
Under the conditions of this study, the 96 h-LC50 was >0.018 mg/L based on the TWA concentration.
Key value for chemical safety assessment
Fresh water fish
Fresh water fish
- Effect concentration:
- 0.018 mg/L
Additional information
The potential for the test material to cause acute toxicity to fish was investigated in accordance with the standardised guidelines OECD 203, EU Method C.1 and the OECD series on testing and assessment number 23 under GLP conditions.
A limit test was performed under static conditions based on the results of a preceding range-finding test. The test material was not completely soluble in test medium at the loading rate initially prepared. A saturated solution (SS) was prepared at a loading rate of 100 mg/L and used as the test concentration. Seven fish per concentration were exposed to a control and to 100 % of the SS prepared at 100 mg/L. The total exposure period was 96 hours and samples for analytical confirmation of exposure concentrations were taken at the start, after 24 hours of exposure and at the end of the test.
No mortality or clinical effects were observed at the limit concentration and in the control during the test period. The responses recorded in this test allowed for reliable determination of an LC50.
Samples taken from 100 % of the SS prepared at 100 mg/L were analysed. The measured concentration was 0.021 mg/L at the start of the test. During the exposure period the measured concentration decreased slightly to 73 % of initial at the end of the test. Given this result, the LC50 was calculated using the TWA concentration, i.e. 0.018 mg/L.
The study met the acceptability criteria prescribed by the study plan and was considered valid.
Due to the low solubility of the test material in water, concentration levels that might be toxic for carp could not be reached. Under the conditions of this study, the 96 h-LC50 was >0.018 mg/L based on the TWA concentration.
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