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Diss Factsheets
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EC number: 215-181-3 | CAS number: 1310-58-3
- Life Cycle description
- Uses advised against
- Endpoint summary
- Appearance / physical state / colour
- Melting point / freezing point
- Boiling point
- Density
- Particle size distribution (Granulometry)
- Vapour pressure
- Partition coefficient
- Water solubility
- Solubility in organic solvents / fat solubility
- Surface tension
- Flash point
- Auto flammability
- Flammability
- Explosiveness
- Oxidising properties
- Oxidation reduction potential
- Stability in organic solvents and identity of relevant degradation products
- Storage stability and reactivity towards container material
- Stability: thermal, sunlight, metals
- pH
- Dissociation constant
- Viscosity
- Additional physico-chemical information
- Additional physico-chemical properties of nanomaterials
- Nanomaterial agglomeration / aggregation
- Nanomaterial crystalline phase
- Nanomaterial crystallite and grain size
- Nanomaterial aspect ratio / shape
- Nanomaterial specific surface area
- Nanomaterial Zeta potential
- Nanomaterial surface chemistry
- Nanomaterial dustiness
- Nanomaterial porosity
- Nanomaterial pour density
- Nanomaterial photocatalytic activity
- Nanomaterial radical formation potential
- Nanomaterial catalytic activity
- Endpoint summary
- Stability
- Biodegradation
- Bioaccumulation
- Transport and distribution
- Environmental data
- Additional information on environmental fate and behaviour
- Ecotoxicological Summary
- Aquatic toxicity
- Endpoint summary
- Short-term toxicity to fish
- Long-term toxicity to fish
- Short-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Long-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Toxicity to aquatic algae and cyanobacteria
- Toxicity to aquatic plants other than algae
- Toxicity to microorganisms
- Endocrine disrupter testing in aquatic vertebrates – in vivo
- Toxicity to other aquatic organisms
- Sediment toxicity
- Terrestrial toxicity
- Biological effects monitoring
- Biotransformation and kinetics
- Additional ecotoxological information
- Toxicological Summary
- Toxicokinetics, metabolism and distribution
- Acute Toxicity
- Irritation / corrosion
- Sensitisation
- Repeated dose toxicity
- Genetic toxicity
- Carcinogenicity
- Toxicity to reproduction
- Specific investigations
- Exposure related observations in humans
- Toxic effects on livestock and pets
- Additional toxicological data
Additional toxicological data
Administrative data
- Endpoint:
- additional toxicological information
- Adequacy of study:
- other information
Data source
Reference
- Reference Type:
- publication
- Title:
- No information
- Author:
- Milner SM et al
- Year:
- 1 996
- Bibliographic source:
- Herndon, D.N., (Ed.), Total burn care, 415-424
Materials and methods
Test material
- Reference substance name:
- Potassium hydroxide
- EC Number:
- 215-181-3
- EC Name:
- Potassium hydroxide
- Cas Number:
- 1310-58-3
- Molecular formula:
- HKO
- IUPAC Name:
- potassium hydroxide
Constituent 1
Results and discussion
Any other information on results incl. tables
Skin and ocular burns; chemical injury. The mechanism of injury by alkali is by saponification of fat, which causes fatty tissue to lose its function with increased damage due to heat reaction; extraction of considerable water from cells due to the hygroscopic nature of the alkali; and dissolution of proteins, permitting so deeper penetration of OH- ions and further chemical reactions. Ocular damage is most significant around pH 11-11.5. The alkali penetrates quickly, saponify plasma membranes, denatures collagen, and causes vascular thromboses in the conjunctiva, the episclera, and even the anterior uvea. The sequelae of corneal burns include scarring and opacification of the cornea with resultant loss of visual acuity, corneal neovascularization, ulcer formation, and perforation. Other sequelae of untreated or very severe alkali burns include epithelial erosions, secondary glaucoma, progressive cicatrization which occludes the ducts of main and accessory lacrimal glands and causes destruction of conjonctival goblet cells so as to cause dry eyes, cicatricial entropion, and trichiasis.
Applicant's summary and conclusion
- Conclusions:
- Corrosivity caused by alkali such as potassium hydroxide is caused by saponification of fat tissue.
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