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EC number: 236-670-8 | CAS number: 13463-40-6
- Life Cycle description
- Uses advised against
- Endpoint summary
- Appearance / physical state / colour
- Melting point / freezing point
- Boiling point
- Density
- Particle size distribution (Granulometry)
- Vapour pressure
- Partition coefficient
- Water solubility
- Solubility in organic solvents / fat solubility
- Surface tension
- Flash point
- Auto flammability
- Flammability
- Explosiveness
- Oxidising properties
- Oxidation reduction potential
- Stability in organic solvents and identity of relevant degradation products
- Storage stability and reactivity towards container material
- Stability: thermal, sunlight, metals
- pH
- Dissociation constant
- Viscosity
- Additional physico-chemical information
- Additional physico-chemical properties of nanomaterials
- Nanomaterial agglomeration / aggregation
- Nanomaterial crystalline phase
- Nanomaterial crystallite and grain size
- Nanomaterial aspect ratio / shape
- Nanomaterial specific surface area
- Nanomaterial Zeta potential
- Nanomaterial surface chemistry
- Nanomaterial dustiness
- Nanomaterial porosity
- Nanomaterial pour density
- Nanomaterial photocatalytic activity
- Nanomaterial radical formation potential
- Nanomaterial catalytic activity
- Endpoint summary
- Stability
- Biodegradation
- Bioaccumulation
- Transport and distribution
- Environmental data
- Additional information on environmental fate and behaviour
- Ecotoxicological Summary
- Aquatic toxicity
- Endpoint summary
- Short-term toxicity to fish
- Long-term toxicity to fish
- Short-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Long-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Toxicity to aquatic algae and cyanobacteria
- Toxicity to aquatic plants other than algae
- Toxicity to microorganisms
- Endocrine disrupter testing in aquatic vertebrates – in vivo
- Toxicity to other aquatic organisms
- Sediment toxicity
- Terrestrial toxicity
- Biological effects monitoring
- Biotransformation and kinetics
- Additional ecotoxological information
- Toxicological Summary
- Toxicokinetics, metabolism and distribution
- Acute Toxicity
- Irritation / corrosion
- Sensitisation
- Repeated dose toxicity
- Genetic toxicity
- Carcinogenicity
- Toxicity to reproduction
- Specific investigations
- Exposure related observations in humans
- Toxic effects on livestock and pets
- Additional toxicological data
Repeated dose toxicity: inhalation
Administrative data
- Endpoint:
- short-term repeated dose toxicity: inhalation
- Type of information:
- experimental study
- Adequacy of study:
- key study
- Reliability:
- 1 (reliable without restriction)
- Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:
- other: GLP and guideline study
Data source
Reference
- Reference Type:
- study report
- Title:
- Unnamed
- Year:
- 1 995
- Report date:
- 1995
Materials and methods
Test guideline
- Guideline:
- OECD Guideline 412 (Subacute Inhalation Toxicity: 28-Day Study)
- GLP compliance:
- yes (incl. QA statement)
- Remarks:
- testing lab.
- Limit test:
- no
Test material
- Reference substance name:
- Pentacarbonyliron
- EC Number:
- 236-670-8
- EC Name:
- Pentacarbonyliron
- Cas Number:
- 13463-40-6
- Molecular formula:
- C5FeO5
- IUPAC Name:
- pentacarbonyliron
- Details on test material:
- Pentacarbonyliron, according to the authors, iron content
was 28.3% (cerimetrical titration) which is nearly
theoretical Fe contents for Fe(CO)5
Constituent 1
Test animals
- Species:
- rat
- Strain:
- Wistar
- Sex:
- male/female
- Details on test animals or test system and environmental conditions:
- Male and female SPF-Wistar rats/Chbb :THOM, supplied by Dr. K. Thomae GmbH, Biberach, Germany, were used at an age of about 7 weeks (on delivery). They were clinically free from any signs of disease. The animals of test groups 0, 1, 2 and 3 only were allocated to the groups at random (WTALOC randomization program supplied by Instem). The purpose of this was to obtain test groups of equal weight.
During the period when the rats were not exposed they were housed singly in wire cages (type OK III of Becker, Castrop-Rauxel, FRG) .
The animals were kept in fully air-conditioned rooms in which a temperature in the range of 20 - 24°C and relative humidity in the range of 30 - 70% were ensured by means of a central air-conditioning system. A light/dark rhythm of 12 hours was maintained (06.00 - 18.00 hours light; 18.00 - 06.00 hours dark).
The animals were offered KLIBA rat/mouse laboratory diet 24-343-4 10 mm pellets, Klingentalmühle AG, Kaiseraugst, Switzerland, and tap water ad libitum. During exposure food and water were withdrawn.
The animals were identified by ear tattoo.
Administration / exposure
- Route of administration:
- inhalation: vapour
- Type of inhalation exposure:
- whole body
- Details on inhalation exposure:
- Special safety instructions had to be respected because of the explosivity of the material in presence of oxygen.
Inhalation atmospheres were generated by passing nitrogen through a thermostated steel cylinder filled with liquid FEC. The nitrogen iron pentacarbonyl vapors were then diluted with compressed air, mixed by passing through a glass mixing stage, and distributed after further dilution with blast air to the inhalation chambers at the appropriate concentration ratios.
The animals were kept singly in wire cages that were located in a glass-steel inhalation chamber, volume V = 1400 l.
In order to accustom the animals to the exposure conditions they were exposed to supply air in whole-body exposure systems on 5 days before the exposure period (preflow period). Then all test groups were exposed for 6 hours on workdays.
The animals did not have access to water or feed during the exposure. - Duration of treatment / exposure:
- up to 28 days
- Frequency of treatment:
- 5 days per week; 6 hours per day (totally up to 20 exposures)
Doses / concentrations
- Remarks:
- Doses / Concentrations:
0.1 ppm = ca. 0.0008 mg/l = test group 4; 0.3 ppm = ca. 0.002 mg/l = test group E; 1 ppm = ca. 0.008 mg/l = test group 1; 3 ppm = ca. 0.024 mg/l = test group 2; 10 ppm = ca. 0.081 mg/l = test group 3
Basis:
analytical conc.
- No. of animals per sex per dose:
- 5
- Control animals:
- other: clean air
- Details on study design:
- Rats (Gage et al ., 1970) died after up to 18 exposures over 5 .5 hour exposures to 15 ppm FEC. Clinical examination revealed particularly lethargy and respiratory symptoms. The lung was found to be the target organ (lung edemas and congestions). At a concentration of 7 ppm and under the same exposure conditions no organ changes were described. Based on these findings, the following concentrations were selected:
- high concentration : 10 ppm
- intermediate concentration : 3 ppm
- low concentration: 1 ppm
A NOEL was expected with the low concentration, which is equivalent to 10 times the MAK value.
Because of severe toxic effects (lethality) at 10 ppm during the first and at 3 ppm during the second exposure, treatment was discontinued for these groups and the surviving animals were observed without further exposure. Two additional groups were exposed to lower concentrations.
Examinations
- Observations and examinations performed and frequency:
- The body weight of the animals of the test groups 0, 1, 2 and 3 was checked at the beginning of the preflow period, one day before beginning of the exposure period (day -1), at the beginning of the exposure period (day 0) and then, as a rule, once a week. The body weight of the animals of the test groups 4 and E was checked at the beginning of the exposure period (day 0) and then, as a rule, once a week.
The difference between the body weight on the day of weighing and the body weight at the beginning of exposure period was calculated as a group mean. This value was defined as body weight change.
Behavior and state of health of the test animals were checked, as a rule, 3 times on exposure days during exposure period, once on exposure days during preflow period and once on working days during post-exposure observation period.
A check for dead animals was made daily.
HAEMATOLOGY: Yes
CLINICAL CHEMISTRY: Yes
URINALYSIS: Yes - Sacrifice and pathology:
- GROSS PATHOLOGY: Yes
HISTOPATHOLOGY: Yes - Statistics:
- The statistical evaluation of the data was carried out on the computer systems of the Department of Toxicology.
Results and discussion
Results of examinations
- Details on results:
- One exposure to 10 ppm (test group 3) caused 100% lethality and 2 exposures to 3 ppm (test group 2) 50% lethality (3 male and 2 female animals) during a period of 4 days.
In test group 3 (10 ppm) the animals showed symptoms of respiratory distress and irritation as well as reduced general state. Pathological examinations revealed signs of irritation in the upper respiration tract and severe lung damage. In some animals lymphocyte depletion of the spleen occurred.
In test group 2 (3 ppm) the surviving animals showed accelerated respiration up to study day 9. No influence on body weight development was seen in the post-exposure observation period. No substance-related changes in hematological or clinico-chemical parameters occurred.
The same kind of lung damage as in test group 3 was found during pathological examination in the animal that died or were sacrificed prematurely. The surviving animals still showed increased absolute and relative lung weights and some histopathologic changes in the lungs at the end of the study period.
No substance related clinical signs and findings or influence on body weight development was seen in test groups 4, E and 1. No substance induced effects on hematological and clinicochemical parameters occurred besides a slight but mostly statistically significant elevation of CO-hemoglobin levels which is not considered as of toxicologial relevance. Pathological evaluation also did not reveal any morphological alterations besides a slight but statistically significant increase in absolute and relative lung weights of the male animals of test group 1 ppm.
Effect levels
open allclose all
- Dose descriptor:
- NOAEC
- Effect level:
- 0.002 mg/L air
- Sex:
- male/female
- Basis for effect level:
- other: overall effects
- Dose descriptor:
- LOAEC
- Effect level:
- 0.008 mg/L air
- Sex:
- male/female
- Basis for effect level:
- other: overall effects
Target system / organ toxicity
- Critical effects observed:
- not specified
Applicant's summary and conclusion
- Conclusions:
- Concentrations of 10 and 3 ppm of FEC vapours inhaled 6 hours per working day in this 28-day study caused considerable lethality probably by severe damage to the lungs already after 1 or 2 exposures. At 1 ppm the only effect that might possibly be related to the substance exposure was an increase in absolute and relative lung weights of male animals at the end of the study period.
Concentrations of 0 .3 ppm or below did not cause toxic effects.
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