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Diss Factsheets
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EC number: 211-128-3 | CAS number: 630-08-0
- Life Cycle description
- Uses advised against
- Endpoint summary
- Appearance / physical state / colour
- Melting point / freezing point
- Boiling point
- Density
- Particle size distribution (Granulometry)
- Vapour pressure
- Partition coefficient
- Water solubility
- Solubility in organic solvents / fat solubility
- Surface tension
- Flash point
- Auto flammability
- Flammability
- Explosiveness
- Oxidising properties
- Oxidation reduction potential
- Stability in organic solvents and identity of relevant degradation products
- Storage stability and reactivity towards container material
- Stability: thermal, sunlight, metals
- pH
- Dissociation constant
- Viscosity
- Additional physico-chemical information
- Additional physico-chemical properties of nanomaterials
- Nanomaterial agglomeration / aggregation
- Nanomaterial crystalline phase
- Nanomaterial crystallite and grain size
- Nanomaterial aspect ratio / shape
- Nanomaterial specific surface area
- Nanomaterial Zeta potential
- Nanomaterial surface chemistry
- Nanomaterial dustiness
- Nanomaterial porosity
- Nanomaterial pour density
- Nanomaterial photocatalytic activity
- Nanomaterial radical formation potential
- Nanomaterial catalytic activity
- Endpoint summary
- Stability
- Biodegradation
- Bioaccumulation
- Transport and distribution
- Environmental data
- Additional information on environmental fate and behaviour
- Ecotoxicological Summary
- Aquatic toxicity
- Endpoint summary
- Short-term toxicity to fish
- Long-term toxicity to fish
- Short-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Long-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Toxicity to aquatic algae and cyanobacteria
- Toxicity to aquatic plants other than algae
- Toxicity to microorganisms
- Endocrine disrupter testing in aquatic vertebrates – in vivo
- Toxicity to other aquatic organisms
- Sediment toxicity
- Terrestrial toxicity
- Biological effects monitoring
- Biotransformation and kinetics
- Additional ecotoxological information
- Toxicological Summary
- Toxicokinetics, metabolism and distribution
- Acute Toxicity
- Irritation / corrosion
- Sensitisation
- Repeated dose toxicity
- Genetic toxicity
- Carcinogenicity
- Toxicity to reproduction
- Specific investigations
- Exposure related observations in humans
- Toxic effects on livestock and pets
- Additional toxicological data
Endpoint summary
Administrative data
Description of key information
Repeat dose oral toxicity - waiver
Repeat dose dermal toxicity - waiver
Repeat dose inhalation toxicity: Bowden, A (2005) VAB004; Bowden, A (2005) VAB005; Sohaug, S (2006) (Rat - 72 week)
Key value for chemical safety assessment
Repeated dose toxicity: inhalation - systemic effects
Endpoint conclusion
- Dose descriptor:
- NOAEC
- 116 mg/m³
- Study duration:
- subchronic
- Species:
- rat
Additional information
As carbon monoxide is a gas the oral and dermal routes of exposure are not considered relevant.
In total three repeat dose inhalation toxicity studies have been submitted. The key study (Bowden, 2005 [VAB004]) was conducted with 3 dose (low, mid and high) levels in the rat and the NOEC was the lowest dose 116 mg/m3 [1ppm = 1.145 mg/m3, WHO] tested. Due to haematological effects, myocardial fibrosis, increased heart weights and degenerative changes in the testes and secondary changes in the epidiymides of rats at the mid and high dose groups. The dog study (Bowden, 2005 [VAB005]) has also been submitted as a supporting study.
No adverse effects were observed in the dog study, therefore the highest dose tested was considered the NOEC.
The second study submitted is taken from published data, where female rats were exposed to CO for 20hrs/day, 5 days/week for 72 consecutive weeks. From this study only a single treatment group was used (200ppm). Due to signs of cardiac hypertrophy observed in the treatment group, only a LOAEC could be derived = 200 ppm (229 mg/m3).
Whilst it is important to regconise that only female rats were treated in this study, there are few experimental studies that have been reported in relevant laboratory animals (and are considered robust) that examined subchronic or chronic exposure to CO. Unfortunately, as male animals were not treated in this study, the effects on testes and epididymides following sub-acute exposure to CO could not be further examined. However, despite the incompleteness of the reported data, it is important to stress the only adverse effect observed was limited to cardiac hypertrophy.
Repeated dose toxicity: inhalation - systemic effects (target organ) cardiovascular / hematological: heart; urogenital: epididymides; urogenital: testes
Justification for classification or non-classification
Animal studies have confirmed that target organ toxicity following repeated exposure to carbon dioxide included the heart and the male urogenital system (testes and epididymides) at dose levels of 345 mg/m3and above. Human data confirm CNS, cardiovascular and respiratory effects, with the EU IOELV TWA set at 23 mg/m3. As such, carbon monoxide has been classified as ‘H372 – Causes damage to the heart through prolonged or repeated exposure by inhalation, (Specific target organ toxicity – Repeated exposure [Hazard Category 1])' according to the new CLP classification (EC 1272/2008).
Information on Registered Substances comes from registration dossiers which have been assigned a registration number. The assignment of a registration number does however not guarantee that the information in the dossier is correct or that the dossier is compliant with Regulation (EC) No 1907/2006 (the REACH Regulation). This information has not been reviewed or verified by the Agency or any other authority. The content is subject to change without prior notice.
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