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Diss Factsheets
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EC number: 208-863-7 | CAS number: 544-17-2
- Life Cycle description
- Uses advised against
- Endpoint summary
- Appearance / physical state / colour
- Melting point / freezing point
- Boiling point
- Density
- Particle size distribution (Granulometry)
- Vapour pressure
- Partition coefficient
- Water solubility
- Solubility in organic solvents / fat solubility
- Surface tension
- Flash point
- Auto flammability
- Flammability
- Explosiveness
- Oxidising properties
- Oxidation reduction potential
- Stability in organic solvents and identity of relevant degradation products
- Storage stability and reactivity towards container material
- Stability: thermal, sunlight, metals
- pH
- Dissociation constant
- Viscosity
- Additional physico-chemical information
- Additional physico-chemical properties of nanomaterials
- Nanomaterial agglomeration / aggregation
- Nanomaterial crystalline phase
- Nanomaterial crystallite and grain size
- Nanomaterial aspect ratio / shape
- Nanomaterial specific surface area
- Nanomaterial Zeta potential
- Nanomaterial surface chemistry
- Nanomaterial dustiness
- Nanomaterial porosity
- Nanomaterial pour density
- Nanomaterial photocatalytic activity
- Nanomaterial radical formation potential
- Nanomaterial catalytic activity
- Endpoint summary
- Stability
- Biodegradation
- Bioaccumulation
- Transport and distribution
- Environmental data
- Additional information on environmental fate and behaviour
- Ecotoxicological Summary
- Aquatic toxicity
- Endpoint summary
- Short-term toxicity to fish
- Long-term toxicity to fish
- Short-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Long-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Toxicity to aquatic algae and cyanobacteria
- Toxicity to aquatic plants other than algae
- Toxicity to microorganisms
- Endocrine disrupter testing in aquatic vertebrates – in vivo
- Toxicity to other aquatic organisms
- Sediment toxicity
- Terrestrial toxicity
- Biological effects monitoring
- Biotransformation and kinetics
- Additional ecotoxological information
- Toxicological Summary
- Toxicokinetics, metabolism and distribution
- Acute Toxicity
- Irritation / corrosion
- Sensitisation
- Repeated dose toxicity
- Genetic toxicity
- Carcinogenicity
- Toxicity to reproduction
- Specific investigations
- Exposure related observations in humans
- Toxic effects on livestock and pets
- Additional toxicological data
Toxicity to birds
Administrative data
Link to relevant study record(s)
- Endpoint:
- toxicity to birds, other
- Remarks:
- Scientifically acceptable publication
- Type of information:
- experimental study
- Adequacy of study:
- supporting study
- Reliability:
- 2 (reliable with restrictions)
- Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:
- other: Scientifically acceptable publication
- Test organisms (species):
- other: other avian: Cobb 500 male broilers
- Endpoint:
- short-term toxicity to birds: acute oral toxicity test
- Type of information:
- experimental study
- Adequacy of study:
- supporting study
- Reliability:
- 2 (reliable with restrictions)
- Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:
- other:
- Remarks:
- Paper published in peer-reviewed journal (1983)
- Qualifier:
- no guideline followed
- Principles of method if other than guideline:
- Methods were previously described by DeCino et al. (1966), Schafer et al. (1967) and Schafer (1972).
- GLP compliance:
- not specified
- Dose method:
- gavage
- Test organisms (species):
- other: avian: redwinged blackbird
- Dose descriptor:
- LD50
- Effect level:
- >= 111 mg/kg bw
- Basis for effect:
- mortality
- Endpoint:
- long-term toxicity to birds: reproduction test
- Data waiving:
- study scientifically not necessary / other information available
- Justification for data waiving:
- other:
- Endpoint:
- short-term toxicity to birds: acute oral toxicity test
- Type of information:
- read-across from supporting substance (structural analogue or surrogate)
- Adequacy of study:
- supporting study
- Reliability:
- 2 (reliable with restrictions)
- Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:
- other:
- Remarks:
- Paper published in peer-reviewed journal (1983)
- Justification for type of information:
- It is considered appropriate to address the toxicity to birds data requirement for calcium formate by read-across to an available study on formic acid.
Calcium formate is the calcium salt of formic acid, and will dissociate immediately in aqueous and biological surroundings to the formate ion. It is therefore expected that the toxicological profile of formic acid and calcium formate will be similar. - Qualifier:
- no guideline followed
- Principles of method if other than guideline:
- Methods were previously described by DeCino et al. (1966), Schafer et al. (1967) and Schafer (1972).
- GLP compliance:
- not specified
- Specific details on test material used for the study:
- Formic acid is being used as a read-across for calcium formate.
- Dose method:
- gavage
- Test organisms (species):
- other: avian: redwinged blackbird
- Dose descriptor:
- LD50
- Effect level:
- >= 111 mg/kg bw
- Basis for effect:
- mortality
Referenceopen allclose all
Inclusion of up to 1.0 % FA or 1.45 % CaF had no adverse effects on body weight, feed utilization, or livability.
This is in agreement with the reports of Vogt et al. 1981, 1982, and Patten & Waldroup 1988.
Feeding 0.25 % FA resulted in a 94 % decrease in the level of salmonellae found on control carcasses; however, this decrease was not statistically significant. There was also a decrease (P = 0.07) in the level of salmonellae in the cecae of the birds fed 0.36 % CaF and 0.5 % FA.
Description of key information
From the available literature data there is no indication of unacceptable risks for birds from exposure to formic acid or formate. However, data from the mammalian dataset should be used for the risk assessment.
Key value for chemical safety assessment
Additional information
In Annex X of the Regulation (EC) No 1907/2006 REACH concerning the Registration, Evaluation, Authorisation and Restriction of Chemicals (REACH), it is suggested, that in case of long term toxicity testing to birds "any need for testing should be carefully considered taking into account the large mammalian dataset that is usually available at this tonnage level."
Furthermore, ECHA (2008) states in the "Guidance on information requirements and chemical safety assessment Chapter R.7c" that "given that mammalian toxicity is considered in detail for human health protection, the need for additional data for birds must be considered very carefully – new tests are a last resort in the data collection process."
Exposure of birds is generally only considered for the fish and earthworm food chains following the release of a substance via a sewage treatment works. It is unlikely that a secondary poisoning risk will be identified for calcium diformate since it is readily biodegradable and has a log Kow below 3).
Information on Registered Substances comes from registration dossiers which have been assigned a registration number. The assignment of a registration number does however not guarantee that the information in the dossier is correct or that the dossier is compliant with Regulation (EC) No 1907/2006 (the REACH Regulation). This information has not been reviewed or verified by the Agency or any other authority. The content is subject to change without prior notice.
Reproduction or further distribution of this information may be subject to copyright protection. Use of the information without obtaining the permission from the owner(s) of the respective information might violate the rights of the owner.