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Diss Factsheets
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EC number: 231-665-7 | CAS number: 7681-38-1
- Life Cycle description
- Uses advised against
- Endpoint summary
- Appearance / physical state / colour
- Melting point / freezing point
- Boiling point
- Density
- Particle size distribution (Granulometry)
- Vapour pressure
- Partition coefficient
- Water solubility
- Solubility in organic solvents / fat solubility
- Surface tension
- Flash point
- Auto flammability
- Flammability
- Explosiveness
- Oxidising properties
- Oxidation reduction potential
- Stability in organic solvents and identity of relevant degradation products
- Storage stability and reactivity towards container material
- Stability: thermal, sunlight, metals
- pH
- Dissociation constant
- Viscosity
- Additional physico-chemical information
- Additional physico-chemical properties of nanomaterials
- Nanomaterial agglomeration / aggregation
- Nanomaterial crystalline phase
- Nanomaterial crystallite and grain size
- Nanomaterial aspect ratio / shape
- Nanomaterial specific surface area
- Nanomaterial Zeta potential
- Nanomaterial surface chemistry
- Nanomaterial dustiness
- Nanomaterial porosity
- Nanomaterial pour density
- Nanomaterial photocatalytic activity
- Nanomaterial radical formation potential
- Nanomaterial catalytic activity
- Endpoint summary
- Stability
- Biodegradation
- Bioaccumulation
- Transport and distribution
- Environmental data
- Additional information on environmental fate and behaviour
- Ecotoxicological Summary
- Aquatic toxicity
- Endpoint summary
- Short-term toxicity to fish
- Long-term toxicity to fish
- Short-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Long-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Toxicity to aquatic algae and cyanobacteria
- Toxicity to aquatic plants other than algae
- Toxicity to microorganisms
- Endocrine disrupter testing in aquatic vertebrates – in vivo
- Toxicity to other aquatic organisms
- Sediment toxicity
- Terrestrial toxicity
- Biological effects monitoring
- Biotransformation and kinetics
- Additional ecotoxological information
- Toxicological Summary
- Toxicokinetics, metabolism and distribution
- Acute Toxicity
- Irritation / corrosion
- Sensitisation
- Repeated dose toxicity
- Genetic toxicity
- Carcinogenicity
- Toxicity to reproduction
- Specific investigations
- Exposure related observations in humans
- Toxic effects on livestock and pets
- Additional toxicological data
Repeated dose toxicity: inhalation
Administrative data
- Endpoint:
- chronic toxicity: inhalation
- Type of information:
- migrated information: read-across from supporting substance (structural analogue or surrogate)
- Adequacy of study:
- supporting study
- Reliability:
- 3 (not reliable)
- Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:
- other: Results biologically implausible; insufficient documentation for assessment.
Data source
Reference
- Reference Type:
- publication
- Title:
- Health aspects of sodium salts of sulfurous and sulfuric acids as environmental pollutants.
- Author:
- Denisov, Y.N. and Tkachev, P.G.
- Year:
- 1 990
- Bibliographic source:
- Gigiena i sanitariia. 9:11-13.
Materials and methods
- GLP compliance:
- no
Test material
- Reference substance name:
- Sodium sulphate
- EC Number:
- 231-820-9
- EC Name:
- Sodium sulphate
- Cas Number:
- 7757-82-6
- Molecular formula:
- H2O4S.2Na
- IUPAC Name:
- disodium sulfate
- Details on test material:
- TS-Freetext:
Na2SO4 dust, not specified
Constituent 1
Test animals
- Species:
- rat
- Strain:
- not specified
- Sex:
- male
Administration / exposure
- Route of administration:
- inhalation
- Duration of treatment / exposure:
- 3 months
- Frequency of treatment:
- not given
Doses / concentrations
- Remarks:
- Doses / Concentrations:
dust concentration 1 mg/m3, with concurrent exposure to 500 mg/l in drinking water
Basis:
- Control animals:
- yes
- Details on study design:
- Post-exposure period: 1 month (size of recovery group not given)
Results and discussion
Target system / organ toxicity
- Critical effects observed:
- not specified
Any other information on results incl. tables
RS-Freetext:
small but significant changes in "summarized threshold
potential" (measure of brain irritability), liver
cholinesterase, blood cholinesterase, number of lymphocytes
and neutrophils, body weight, relative liver weigt;
depression of spermotagenesis, histopathological changes in
liver and testes, serious histopathological changes in the
lungs and several cases of pneumonomia, all fully reversible
after 1 month recovery.
results similar to those found in concurrent studies with
sodium sulfite at 01. and 1 mg/m3 and a mixture of
sulfite/sulfate at 1 mg/m3.
Applicant's summary and conclusion
- Conclusions:
- In a 90 -day study in which rats were exposed to 1 mg/m3 sodium sulfate, or 0.1 and 1 mg/m3 of sodium sulfite or 1 mg/m3 of an unspecified mixture of both, together with 500 mg/l in drinking water , i.e an estimated dose of 60 mg/kg/d orally and 0.6 mg/kg/day by inhalation. Apart from the neuro-physiological and biochemical parameters described, body weight was also depressed, relative liver weight was decreased, histopathological evidence of serious lung damage and testicular damage was described.
A possible explanation of the finding from this study, is contamination of the dust used for the inhalation studies with heavy metals, e.g. cadmium. Spent sulfuric acid commonly contains heavy metals, so pre-refinery sodium sulfate made from such recycled material may well be contaminated.. In the absence of any analytical data, this cannot be verified. - Executive summary:
In a 90 -day study in which rats were exposed to 1 mg/m3 sodium sulfate, or 0.1 and 1 mg/m3 of sodium sulfite or 1 mg/m3 of an unspecified mixture of both, together with 500 mg/l in drinking water , i.e an estimated dose of 60 mg/kg/d orally and 0.6 mg/kg/day by inhalation. Apart from the neuro-physiological and biochemical parameters described, body weight was also depressed, relative liver weight was decreased, histopathological evidence of serious lung damage and testicular damage was described. Effects were similar for sulfites, sulfates and the mixture, but more severe and earlier for the sulfites. The description of the experiment is insufficient and no actual data are presented. The biological plausibility of such relatively severe effects at such low concentrations, from a compound normally abundantly present in drinking water and food is very much in doubt. There is no reason why a simple, non-reactive and freely circulating ion like sulfate would exert systemic effects when absorbed through the lungs at a fraction of the amount absorbed from the gastro-intestinal tract. These findings also strongly contrast with all other available data.
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