Tar bases, coal, crude

Short-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates

Administrative data

Endpoint:

short-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates

Type of information:

experimental study

Adequacy of study:

other information

Study period:

30 Jul. – 04 Oct. 2007

Reliability:

1 (reliable without restriction)

Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:

other: GLP-guideline study

Data source

Reference

Reference Type:

study report

Title:

Unnamed

Year:

2007

Report date:

2007

Materials and methods

Test guideline

Qualifier:

according to guideline

Guideline:

OECD Guideline 202 (Daphnia sp. Acute Immobilisation Test)

Principles of method if other than guideline:

open test system

GLP compliance:

yes

Test material

Reference

Name:

Unnamed

Type:

Constituent

Details on test material:

- Name of test material (as cited in study report): Coal tar bases
- Molecular formula (if other than submission substance): not applicable
- Molecular weight (if other than submission substance): not applicable
- Substance type: organic
- Physical state: liquid
- Stability under test conditions: WAF (water accommodated fraction) limited
- Storage condition of test material: room temperature, exclusion of light

Sampling and analysis

Analytical monitoring:

yes

Details on sampling:

Samples for TOC-analysis were taken at 0 h and 48 h

Test solutions

Vehicle:

no

Details on test solutions:

PREPARATION AND APPLICATION OF TEST SOLUTION (especially for difficult test substances)
- Method: The test item Coal tar bases is a fluid, fully miscible in water. Test solutions were prepared in a dilution series of a stock solution
of 100 mg/L test item in Daphnia-medium. The stock solution and each degree of dilution were emulsified at 13500 rpm for 5 minutes
using a mixing device (Ultra-Turrax, Janke & Kunkel).

- Test concentrations: control, 1 mg/L, 10 and 100 mg/L (range finding)
control, 1 mg/L, 2.5 mg/L, 5 mg/L, 25 mg/L, and 50 mg/L
- Controls: without test material (blank; Daphnia medium)
- Chemical name of vehicle (organic solvent, emulsifier or dispersant): none
- Evidence of undissolved material (e.g. precipitate, surface film, etc): no

Test organisms

Test organisms (species):

Daphnia magna

Details on test organisms:

TEST ORGANISM
- Common name: Daphnia
- Strain: --
- Source: origin German Environmental Ministry
- Age at study initiation (mean and range, SD): =< 24 h
- Method of breeding: The animals are cultivated in a climate-controlled room (light/dark = 14 h/10 h; illumination: Gro-Lux fluorescent tubes).

- Feeding during test
- Food type: The animals are fed with algae (Desmodesmus subspicatus)

Study design

Test type:

static

Water media type:

freshwater

Limit test:

no

Total exposure duration:

48 h

Post exposure observation period:

none

Test conditions

Hardness:

see data under "salinity"

Test temperature:

20.1 – 20.4 °C (20 °C ± 2 °C)

pH:

8.0 - 8.2 at 0, 24 and 48 h

Dissolved oxygen:

7.8 - 8.2 mg/L at 0, 24 and 48 h

Salinity:

The total of Ca- and Mg-ions was 2.5 mmol/L, the ratio of Ca/Mg was 4:1, the ratio of Na/K was 10:1. The total alkalinity of the solution was 0.8 mmol/L, the pH-value was 7.8 ± 0.2.

Nominal and measured concentrations:

Main test series:
Time [h] Control 1 mg/L 10 mg/L 50 mg/L (nominal TS concentration)
==========================================================
0 0.2 0.7 7.6 37.4 mg/L (TOC of WAF)
48 0.41 1.0 7.7 36.0 mg/L (TOC of WAF)
====================================================

Details on test conditions:

TEST SYSTEM
- Test vessel:
- Type: open
- Material, size, headspace, fill volume: glass beaker, 50 mL, test volume: 20 mL
- Aeration: none
- Renewal rate of test solution (frequency/flow rate): none
- No. of organisms per vessel: 5
- No. of vessels per concentration (replicates): 4
- No. of vessels per control (replicates): 4
- No. of vessels per vehicle control (replicates): not applicable


TEST MEDIUM / WATER PARAMETERS
- Source/preparation of dilution water: Deionised water, was aerated until saturation.
- Total organic carbon: 0.2-0.4 mg/L
- Alkalinity: 0.8 mmol/L
- Ca/Mg ratio: 4:1
- Conductivity: no data
- Culture medium different from test medium: no


OTHER TEST CONDITIONS
- Adjustment of pH: no
- Photoperiod: 16 h light, 8 h dark
- Light intensity: no data, Gro-Lux fluorescent tubes


TEST CONCENTRATIONS
- Spacing factor for test concentrations: 2 - 2.5
- Range finding study
- Test concentrations: 1, 10 and 100 mg/L (nominal)
- Results used to determine the conditions for the definitive study:
immobilisation 70 % at 1 mg/L
immobilisation 100 % at 10 and 100 mg/L

Reference substance (positive control):

no

Results and discussion

Effect concentrations

Effect concentrations 1

Duration:

48 h

Dose descriptor:

EL50

Remarks:

effective loading

Effect conc.:

1.7 mg/L

Nominal / measured:

nominal

Conc. based on:

test mat.

Basis for effect:

mobility

Effect concentrations 2

Duration:

48 h

Dose descriptor:

NOELR

Remarks:

No-observed effect loading rate

Effect conc.:

< 1 mg/L

Nominal / measured:

nominal

Conc. based on:

test mat.

Basis for effect:

mobility

Effect concentrations 3

Duration:

48 h

Dose descriptor:

LOELR

Effect conc.:

1 mg/L

Nominal / measured:

nominal

Conc. based on:

test mat.

Basis for effect:

mobility

Remarks:

4/20 (20 %) immobile

Details on results:

- Other biological observations: number of moulds incipient reduction from 5 mg/L
- Mortality of control: 0/20
- Other adverse effects control: none
- Abnormal responses: none
- Any observations (e.g. precipitation) that might cause a difference between measured and nominal values: none
- Effect concentrations exceeding solubility of substance in test medium: none

Reported statistics and error estimates:

not applicable

Any other information on results incl. tables

Table 1: Immobilisation rate in dependence of time and concentration, number of carapace moults, and

number of living animals trapped at the surface [number per total animals, %] (Report Tab. 6)

Control

1 mg/L

2.5 mg/L

5 mg/L

10 mg/L

25 mg/L

50 mg/L

Number

[%]

Number

[%]

Number

[%]

Number

[%]

Number

[%]

Number

[%]

Number

[%]

Immobilisation 24 h

0/20

0

0/20

0

8/20

40

11/20

55

6/20

30

1020

50

11/20

55

Immobilisation 48 h

0/20

0

4/20

20

14/20

70

18/20

90

18/20

90

18/20

90

15/20

75

Moults 48 h

19/20

95

18/20

90

18/20

90

15/20

75

6/20

30

5/20

25

2/20

10

Living animals at the surface 48 h

0/20

0

0/20

0

0/20

0

0/20

0

0/20

0

0/20

0

0/20

0

Applicant's summary and conclusion

Validity criteria fulfilled:

yes