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EC number: 266-017-2 | CAS number: 65996-83-0 The extract from coal tar oil produced by an alkaline wash such as aqueous sodium hydroxide. Composed primarily of the alkali salts of various phenolic compounds.
- Life Cycle description
- Uses advised against
- Endpoint summary
- Appearance / physical state / colour
- Melting point / freezing point
- Boiling point
- Density
- Particle size distribution (Granulometry)
- Vapour pressure
- Partition coefficient
- Water solubility
- Solubility in organic solvents / fat solubility
- Surface tension
- Flash point
- Auto flammability
- Flammability
- Explosiveness
- Oxidising properties
- Oxidation reduction potential
- Stability in organic solvents and identity of relevant degradation products
- Storage stability and reactivity towards container material
- Stability: thermal, sunlight, metals
- pH
- Dissociation constant
- Viscosity
- Additional physico-chemical information
- Additional physico-chemical properties of nanomaterials
- Nanomaterial agglomeration / aggregation
- Nanomaterial crystalline phase
- Nanomaterial crystallite and grain size
- Nanomaterial aspect ratio / shape
- Nanomaterial specific surface area
- Nanomaterial Zeta potential
- Nanomaterial surface chemistry
- Nanomaterial dustiness
- Nanomaterial porosity
- Nanomaterial pour density
- Nanomaterial photocatalytic activity
- Nanomaterial radical formation potential
- Nanomaterial catalytic activity
- Endpoint summary
- Stability
- Biodegradation
- Bioaccumulation
- Transport and distribution
- Environmental data
- Additional information on environmental fate and behaviour
- Ecotoxicological Summary
- Aquatic toxicity
- Endpoint summary
- Short-term toxicity to fish
- Long-term toxicity to fish
- Short-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Long-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Toxicity to aquatic algae and cyanobacteria
- Toxicity to aquatic plants other than algae
- Toxicity to microorganisms
- Endocrine disrupter testing in aquatic vertebrates – in vivo
- Toxicity to other aquatic organisms
- Sediment toxicity
- Terrestrial toxicity
- Biological effects monitoring
- Biotransformation and kinetics
- Additional ecotoxological information
- Toxicological Summary
- Toxicokinetics, metabolism and distribution
- Acute Toxicity
- Irritation / corrosion
- Sensitisation
- Repeated dose toxicity
- Genetic toxicity
- Carcinogenicity
- Toxicity to reproduction
- Specific investigations
- Exposure related observations in humans
- Toxic effects on livestock and pets
- Additional toxicological data
Toxicity to aquatic algae and cyanobacteria
Administrative data
Link to relevant study record(s)
Description of key information
For assessing the aquatic risk for freshwater algae the lowest EC50 of 61.1 mg/L, based on cell number, from the tests with standardised exposure time of 96 hours is used (St. Laurent et al. 1992).
For the saltwater species Entomoneis cf punctulata 3-day EC50 for growth rate of 76 mg/L was found in the study of Adams and Stauber (2004), based on measured concentrations, indicating comparable sensitivity of the marine and the freshwater algal species.
Key value for chemical safety assessment
- EC50 for freshwater algae:
- 61.1 mg/L
- EC50 for marine water algae:
- 76 mg/L
Additional information
Data were taken from phenol dossier - read across appreach was chosen because the content of phenol in the registered substance could be up to 50% (w/w).
Data on effects of phenol on algae is presented in EU-RAR (2006) in Section 3.2.1 (Aquatic compartment (incl. Sediment), page 36ff).It is stated that the EC50 values of the different algal species are in the range from 7.5 – 370 mg/L and the lowest effect value (EC50 7 mg/L) was found by Beaubien et al. (1986) in a study conducted over 8 days with the green algae Pseudokirchneriella subcapitata. Bringmann & Kühn (1978) measured the same value as 8-day TTC (toxicity threshold concentration) for Scenedesmus quadricauda. As the TCC is defined as 3% effect compared to the control, this value can be considered as a NOEC. For the blue-green algae Microcystis aeruginosa a TTC of 4.6 mg/L was found by Bringmann & Kühn (1978). However, after 8 days the algae (esp. green algae) may not longer be in the exponential growth phase and this can have a negative influence on the test result. Therefore, these very low effect values should be used with care.
The lowest EC50 from a test with a standardised exposure time of 96 hours is 61.1 mg/L obtained in a test with Pseudokirchneriella subcapitata (St. Laurent et al., 1992).
For the freshwater green algae Pseudokirchneriella subcapitata andChlorella vulgaris three growth inhibition tests with a standard exposure time of 96 h are available. The EC50 values are 61.1 (cell number), 150 (growth rate), and 370 (growth rate) mg/L. For assessing the aquatic risk for freshwater algae the lowest EC50 of 61.1 mg/L, based on cell number, out of the tests with standardised exposure time of 96 hours is used (St. Laurent et al., 1992).
Though the test concentrations were not analytically verified, the phenol concentration is considered to be stable due to the finding in the studies from Colgan et al. (1982) and Lewis et al. (1983), where after a 2 day static exposure period the measured phenol concentrations were > 80 % of the nominal concentrations.
For the saltwater benthic diatom Entomoneis cf punctulata a 3-day EC50 of 76 mg/L was found in the study of Adams & Stauber (2004), based on measured concentrations. The EC50 is in the same order of magnitude as the growth rate EC50 values of the freshwater algae, indicating a possibly comparable sensitivity of the marine and the freshwater algal species.
Information on Registered Substances comes from registration dossiers which have been assigned a registration number. The assignment of a registration number does however not guarantee that the information in the dossier is correct or that the dossier is compliant with Regulation (EC) No 1907/2006 (the REACH Regulation). This information has not been reviewed or verified by the Agency or any other authority. The content is subject to change without prior notice.
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