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EC number: 805-107-3 | CAS number: 40758-65-4
- Life Cycle description
- Uses advised against
- Endpoint summary
- Appearance / physical state / colour
- Melting point / freezing point
- Boiling point
- Density
- Particle size distribution (Granulometry)
- Vapour pressure
- Partition coefficient
- Water solubility
- Solubility in organic solvents / fat solubility
- Surface tension
- Flash point
- Auto flammability
- Flammability
- Explosiveness
- Oxidising properties
- Oxidation reduction potential
- Stability in organic solvents and identity of relevant degradation products
- Storage stability and reactivity towards container material
- Stability: thermal, sunlight, metals
- pH
- Dissociation constant
- Viscosity
- Additional physico-chemical information
- Additional physico-chemical properties of nanomaterials
- Nanomaterial agglomeration / aggregation
- Nanomaterial crystalline phase
- Nanomaterial crystallite and grain size
- Nanomaterial aspect ratio / shape
- Nanomaterial specific surface area
- Nanomaterial Zeta potential
- Nanomaterial surface chemistry
- Nanomaterial dustiness
- Nanomaterial porosity
- Nanomaterial pour density
- Nanomaterial photocatalytic activity
- Nanomaterial radical formation potential
- Nanomaterial catalytic activity
- Endpoint summary
- Stability
- Biodegradation
- Bioaccumulation
- Transport and distribution
- Environmental data
- Additional information on environmental fate and behaviour
- Ecotoxicological Summary
- Aquatic toxicity
- Endpoint summary
- Short-term toxicity to fish
- Long-term toxicity to fish
- Short-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Long-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Toxicity to aquatic algae and cyanobacteria
- Toxicity to aquatic plants other than algae
- Toxicity to microorganisms
- Endocrine disrupter testing in aquatic vertebrates – in vivo
- Toxicity to other aquatic organisms
- Sediment toxicity
- Terrestrial toxicity
- Biological effects monitoring
- Biotransformation and kinetics
- Additional ecotoxological information
- Toxicological Summary
- Toxicokinetics, metabolism and distribution
- Acute Toxicity
- Irritation / corrosion
- Sensitisation
- Repeated dose toxicity
- Genetic toxicity
- Carcinogenicity
- Toxicity to reproduction
- Specific investigations
- Exposure related observations in humans
- Toxic effects on livestock and pets
- Additional toxicological data
Short-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
Administrative data
- Endpoint:
- short-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Type of information:
- experimental study
- Adequacy of study:
- key study
- Study period:
- 17 November 1998 to 19 November 1998
- Reliability:
- 2 (reliable with restrictions)
- Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:
- other: Study conducted to GLP in accordance with generally accepted scientific principles, possibly with incomplete reporting or methodological deficiencies, which do not affect the quality of the relevant results.
Data source
Reference
- Reference Type:
- study report
- Title:
- Unnamed
- Year:
- 1 999
- Report date:
- 1999
Materials and methods
Test guidelineopen allclose all
- Qualifier:
- according to guideline
- Guideline:
- EPA OTS 797.1300 (Aquatic Invertebrate Acute Toxicity Test, Freshwater Daphnids)
- Deviations:
- yes
- Remarks:
- Test solutions were not analytically verified.
- Qualifier:
- according to guideline
- Guideline:
- EPA OPP 72-2 (Aquatic Invertebrate Acute Toxicity Test)
- Deviations:
- yes
- Remarks:
- Test solutions were not analytically verified.
- GLP compliance:
- yes
Test material
- Reference substance name:
- 4,6-Dichloro-2-ethoxypyrimidine
- EC Number:
- 805-107-3
- Cas Number:
- 40758-65-4
- Molecular formula:
- C6H6Cl2N2O
- IUPAC Name:
- 4,6-Dichloro-2-ethoxypyrimidine
- Test material form:
- other: liquid
- Details on test material:
- - Physical state: liquid
Constituent 1
Sampling and analysis
- Analytical monitoring:
- no
Test solutions
- Vehicle:
- yes
- Details on test solutions:
- PREPARATION AND APPLICATION OF TEST SOLUTION
The test solutions were prepared from a primary stock of test material that was formulated in N,N-dimethyl formamide (DMF) at a nominal concentration of 200 mg test material per mL DMF. Via serial dilution, stocks of 100, 50, 25, 12.5 and 6.25 mg test material per mL DMF were also prepared. From these stocks, bulk dosing solutions were prepared at nominal concentrations of 100, 50.0, 25.0, 12.5, 6.25 and 3.13 mg test material per litre of daphnid water. Daphnid dilution water and DMF control test vessels were also prepared.
Test organisms
- Test organisms (species):
- Daphnia magna
- Details on test organisms:
- TEST ORGANISM
- Common name: water flea
- Source: laboratory reared culture
- Maintenance conditions: adult Daphnia were maintained in 2 L stock tanks.
- Rearing conditions: illumination (cool-white fluorescent) 1000 - 2000 lux; 16 hour light / 8 hour dark photoperiod; temperature 20 ± 2 °C. Daphnids were fed a diet of Ankistrodesmus convolutus (algae) and YCT (yeast-ceraphyll trout) trout chow four times weekly.
- Age at study initiation: <24 hours. The day before instars were needed for testing, stock tanks with daphnids greater than 14 days old, which have had at least four broods, were removed from the incubator. The instars were separated from adults by gently lifting the screened insert from the 2 L stock tank, releasing instars through the nylon mesh screen while retaining the adult daphnids. The screened insert with adult daphnids were then placed in another stock tank that contained adjusted laboratory water. The original solution with instars was poured through a metal sieve into another stock tank. The instars collected on the sieve were discarded and the original solution was poured back into the initial stock tank and the corresponding screened insert holding adult daphnids was put back in place. This procedure was repeated on the day the study was set to cull <24 hour old instars for use in the study.
- Feeding during test: no
Study design
- Test type:
- static
- Water media type:
- freshwater
- Limit test:
- no
- Total exposure duration:
- 48 h
Test conditions
- Hardness:
- 162 mg/L (as CaCO3)
- Test temperature:
- 19.3 - 20.9 °C
- pH:
- 7.5 - 8.3
- Dissolved oxygen:
- 8.3 - 8.7 mg/L
- Nominal and measured concentrations:
- 0 (water control), 0 (DMF control), 3.13, 6.25, 12.5, 25.0, 50.0, 100 mg/L (nominal)
- Details on test conditions:
- TEST SYSTEM
- Test vessel: 250 mL glass jars
- Type (delete if not applicable): closed (glass jars were covered to reduce evaporation)
- Fill volume: 200 mL
- No. of organisms per vessel: 10
- No. of vessels per concentration (replicates): 2
- No. of vessels per water control (replicates): 2
- No. of vessels per solvent control (replicates): 2
TEST MEDIUM / WATER PARAMETERS
- Source/preparation of dilution water: the water was obtained from the upper Saginaw Bay of Lake Huron off Whitestone Point by the City of Midland Water Treatment Plant.
- Treatment of dilution water: the Lake Huron water was limed and flocculated with ferric chloride. Before use in the study the water was sand-filtered, pH adjusted with gaseous CO2, carbon filtered and UV-irradiated. The daphnid water was adjusted to a hardness of about 170 mg/L (as CaCO3) before autoclaving. After adjusting the hardness, the water was autoclaved at 250 °C and 18 psi for 30 minutes, cooled and aerated for approximately 24 hours prior to use.
- Total organic carbon: 5798 ng/mL (laboratory dilution water); 4756 ng/mL (daphnid water)
- Total suspended solids: not detected (detection limit - 1000 ng/mL)
- Alkalinity: 30 mg/L (as CaCO3)
- Conductivity: 373 µmhos/cm
- Intervals of water quality measurement: laboratory and daphnid waters were monitored weekly for pH, alkalinity and conductivity and hardness; laboratory and daphnid waters were monitored twice yearly for total organic carbon, total suspended solids, selected inorganics and organic compounds.
OTHER TEST CONDITIONS
- Photoperiod: 16 hours light / 8 hours dark
- Light intensity: 1833 ± 350 lux
EFFECT PARAMETERS MEASURED
Daphnids were observed for mortality (no visible heartbeat or response to gentle prodding) and immobility at 24 and 48 hours.
PHYSICAL MEASUREMENTS
Measurements of dissolved oxygen, pH and temperature were taken from the bulk solutions on day 0 and from each test vessel at 48 hours. Temperature was also continuously monitored within the incubator.
TEST CONCENTRATIONS
- Range finding study: yes, 48 hour study.
- Test concentrations: 0.001 to 10.0 mg/L
- Results used to determine the conditions for the definitive study: yes, no mortality or sublethal effects were observed at any of the dose levels tested. - Reference substance (positive control):
- no
Results and discussion
Effect concentrationsopen allclose all
- Duration:
- 48 h
- Dose descriptor:
- LC50
- Effect conc.:
- 40.6 mg/L
- Nominal / measured:
- nominal
- Conc. based on:
- test mat.
- Basis for effect:
- mortality
- Remarks on result:
- other: 35.9 - 46.0 mg/L (95 % CL)
- Duration:
- 48 h
- Dose descriptor:
- EC50
- Effect conc.:
- 22.5 mg/L
- Nominal / measured:
- nominal
- Conc. based on:
- test mat.
- Basis for effect:
- other: mortality and immobility
- Remarks on result:
- other: 19.4 - 26.1 mg/L (95 % CL)
- Duration:
- 48 h
- Dose descriptor:
- NOEC
- Effect conc.:
- 12.5 mg/L
- Nominal / measured:
- nominal
- Conc. based on:
- test mat.
- Basis for effect:
- other: mortality and immobility
- Details on results:
- Mortality and mobility data are presented in Table 1.
- Reported statistics and error estimates:
- A computer program was used to calculate the EC50 and LC50 values and corresponding 95 % confidence limits. The reported LC50/EC50 values were calculated via trimmed Spearman-Karber.
Any other information on results incl. tables
Table 1: Summary of Concentration-Response Data
Nominal Conc. (mg/L) |
Observed Mortality |
Observed Mortality and Immobility |
||
24 hours |
48 hours |
24 hours |
48 hours |
|
0 (water control) |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 (DMF control) |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
3.13 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
6.25 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
12.5 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
25.0 |
0 |
0 |
1 |
13 |
50.0 |
1 |
16 |
16 |
20 |
100 |
12 |
20 |
20 |
20 |
LC50 (mg/L) |
88.2 |
40.6 |
- | - |
95 % CL (mg/L) |
70.3 - 111 |
35.9 - 46.0 |
- | - |
EC50 (mg/L) |
- | - | 39.2 |
22.5 |
95 % CL (mg/L) |
- | - | 34.1 - 45.2 |
19.4 - 26.1 |
Applicant's summary and conclusion
- Validity criteria fulfilled:
- yes
- Conclusions:
- Under the conditions of the study, the 48 hour LC50 value was determined to be 40.6 mg/L with 95 % confidence limits of 35.9 - 46.0 mg/L and the 48 hour EC50 value was determined to be 22.5 mg/L with 95 % confidence limits of 19.4 – 26.1 mg/L. The No Observed Effect Concentration (NOEC) was 12.5 mg/L.
- Executive summary:
The acute toxicity of the test material to the aquatic invertebrate, Daphnia magna, was investigated in a study which was conducted under GLP conditions and in accordance with the standardised guidelines EPA OTS 797.1300 and EPA OPP 72-2.
During the study, groups of 20 Daphnia were exposed to nominal treatment levels of 0 (laboratory water control), 0 (solvent control), 3.13, 6.25, 12.5, 25.0, 50.0 and 100 mg/L of test material. Daphnids were observed daily for mortality (no visible heartbeat or response to gentle prodding) and immobility.
Under the conditions of the study, the 48 hour LC50 value was determined to be 40.6 mg/L with 95 % confidence limits of 35.9 - 46.0 mg/L and the 48 hour EC50 value was determined to be 22.5 mg/L with 95 % confidence limits of 19.4 – 26.1 mg/L. The No Observed Effect Concentration (NOEC) was 12.5 mg/L.
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