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EC number: 233-036-2 | CAS number: 10025-67-9
- Life Cycle description
- Uses advised against
- Endpoint summary
- Appearance / physical state / colour
- Melting point / freezing point
- Boiling point
- Density
- Particle size distribution (Granulometry)
- Vapour pressure
- Partition coefficient
- Water solubility
- Solubility in organic solvents / fat solubility
- Surface tension
- Flash point
- Auto flammability
- Flammability
- Explosiveness
- Oxidising properties
- Oxidation reduction potential
- Stability in organic solvents and identity of relevant degradation products
- Storage stability and reactivity towards container material
- Stability: thermal, sunlight, metals
- pH
- Dissociation constant
- Viscosity
- Additional physico-chemical information
- Additional physico-chemical properties of nanomaterials
- Nanomaterial agglomeration / aggregation
- Nanomaterial crystalline phase
- Nanomaterial crystallite and grain size
- Nanomaterial aspect ratio / shape
- Nanomaterial specific surface area
- Nanomaterial Zeta potential
- Nanomaterial surface chemistry
- Nanomaterial dustiness
- Nanomaterial porosity
- Nanomaterial pour density
- Nanomaterial photocatalytic activity
- Nanomaterial radical formation potential
- Nanomaterial catalytic activity
- Endpoint summary
- Stability
- Biodegradation
- Bioaccumulation
- Transport and distribution
- Environmental data
- Additional information on environmental fate and behaviour
- Ecotoxicological Summary
- Aquatic toxicity
- Endpoint summary
- Short-term toxicity to fish
- Long-term toxicity to fish
- Short-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Long-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Toxicity to aquatic algae and cyanobacteria
- Toxicity to aquatic plants other than algae
- Toxicity to microorganisms
- Endocrine disrupter testing in aquatic vertebrates – in vivo
- Toxicity to other aquatic organisms
- Sediment toxicity
- Terrestrial toxicity
- Biological effects monitoring
- Biotransformation and kinetics
- Additional ecotoxological information
- Toxicological Summary
- Toxicokinetics, metabolism and distribution
- Acute Toxicity
- Irritation / corrosion
- Sensitisation
- Repeated dose toxicity
- Genetic toxicity
- Carcinogenicity
- Toxicity to reproduction
- Specific investigations
- Exposure related observations in humans
- Toxic effects on livestock and pets
- Additional toxicological data
Basic toxicokinetics
Administrative data
- Endpoint:
- basic toxicokinetics
- Type of information:
- experimental study
- Adequacy of study:
- key study
- Study period:
- 2013
- Reliability:
- 1 (reliable without restriction)
- Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:
- other: A guideline test was performed according OECD TG 111 (Hydrolysis as a Function of pH) to verify fast and quantitative hydrolysis in water. For further details see IUCLID chapter 5.1.2.
Cross-reference
- Reason / purpose for cross-reference:
- reference to same study
Data source
Reference
- Reference Type:
- study report
- Title:
- Unnamed
- Year:
- 2 013
Materials and methods
Test guideline
- Qualifier:
- according to guideline
- Guideline:
- other: OECD TG 111 (Hydrolysis as a Function of pH) to verify fast and quantitative hydrolysis in water.
- Principles of method if other than guideline:
- S2Cl2 is reported in the literature to undergo rapid hydrolysis in aqueous conditions. A guideline test was performed according OECD TG 111 (Hydrolysis as a Function of pH) to verify fast and quantitative hydrolysis in water. As the hydrolysis was known to occur rapidly, hydrolysis behaviour of the test item in aqueous solutions was investigated in a Tier 1 test at room temperature instead of 50 °C, at different pH (4, 7 and 9). The main hydrolysis products expected are chloride, sulfide, sulfur dioxide, sulfite, sulfate, thiosulfate and sulfur.
The following analytical methods were used to detect different hydrolysis products: chloride, sulphite, sulphate and thiosulphate were quantified via ion chromatography; sufide was determined iodometrically and precipitable sulphur was identified by Raman-Spectroscopy and determined by ICP-OES analysis.
For further details on the study see IUCLID chapter 5.1.2 - GLP compliance:
- yes
Test material
- Reference substance name:
- Disulphur dichloride
- EC Number:
- 233-036-2
- EC Name:
- Disulphur dichloride
- Cas Number:
- 10025-67-9
- Molecular formula:
- Cl2S2
- IUPAC Name:
- dichlorodisulfane
- Test material form:
- other: liquid
- Details on test material:
- - Purity: 99.9 %
- Empirical formula: Cl2S2
- Molecular mass: 135.0 g/mole
Constituent 1
- Radiolabelling:
- no
Test animals
- Species:
- other: in vitro hydrolysis in water
- Strain:
- other: in vitro hydrolysis in water
Administration / exposure
- Duration and frequency of treatment / exposure:
- in vitro hydrolysis in water
Doses / concentrations
- Remarks:
- Doses / Concentrations:
in vitro hydrolysis in water
- No. of animals per sex per dose / concentration:
- in vitro hydrolysis in water
Results and discussion
Main ADME results
- Type:
- other:
- Results:
- S2Cl2 is rapidly (t 1/2 < 2 minutes) and quantitatively hydrolysed in water at 23 °C. Hydrolysis products are HCl and sulphur containing molecules in varying amounts including sulphite, sulphate, thiosulphate, sulphide and precipitable sulphur.
Any other information on results incl. tables
As expected, the hydrolysis is rapid and quantitative. Due to the observed rapid and complete degradation of the test item between sample preparation and injection into ion chromatography apparatus, no precise half-life could be calculated. At 23 °C (room temperature) the half-life was calculated to be < 2 minutes for all pH investigated (4, 7 and 9). Recoveries based on the contents of chloride and total Sulphur were in the range of 97.7 to 101.7 %, indicating quantitative hydrolysis.
The total sulphur fraction was further investigated at different time points and dependent on the pH (4, 7 or 9) contained ca. 9.8 – 25% perceptible sulphur; 6.3 - <4.2% sulphite; < 3.5% sulphate; 15.1 – 60% thiosulfate. Based on the mass balance additional volatile sulphur species as sulphur dioxide are also likely to be present, but were not specifically monitored.
The analytical method for determination of sulfide (iodometry) is not a specific method for testing hydrolysis reactions. The performed procedure resulted in an extreme Sulfide concentration (expected influence of equilibrium reaction). Therefore the recovery values reported for sulphide (3.1 – 12.2 %) should be taken as qualitative figures.
For further details on the study see IUCLID chapter 5.1.2.
Applicant's summary and conclusion
- Executive summary:
Overall, this guideline study according to the OECD TG 111 (Hydrolysis as a Function of pH) showed that S2Cl2 is rapidly (t 1/2 < 2 minutes) and quantitatively (97.7 - 101.7 %) hydrolysed in water at 23 °C and pH ranging from 4 to 9. The hydrolysis products are HCl and different sulphur containing molecules in varying amounts including sulphite, sulphate, thiosulphate, sulphide and precipitable sulphur.
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