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EC number: 265-004-9 | CAS number: 64665-57-2
- Life Cycle description
- Uses advised against
- Endpoint summary
- Appearance / physical state / colour
- Melting point / freezing point
- Boiling point
- Density
- Particle size distribution (Granulometry)
- Vapour pressure
- Partition coefficient
- Water solubility
- Solubility in organic solvents / fat solubility
- Surface tension
- Flash point
- Auto flammability
- Flammability
- Explosiveness
- Oxidising properties
- Oxidation reduction potential
- Stability in organic solvents and identity of relevant degradation products
- Storage stability and reactivity towards container material
- Stability: thermal, sunlight, metals
- pH
- Dissociation constant
- Viscosity
- Additional physico-chemical information
- Additional physico-chemical properties of nanomaterials
- Nanomaterial agglomeration / aggregation
- Nanomaterial crystalline phase
- Nanomaterial crystallite and grain size
- Nanomaterial aspect ratio / shape
- Nanomaterial specific surface area
- Nanomaterial Zeta potential
- Nanomaterial surface chemistry
- Nanomaterial dustiness
- Nanomaterial porosity
- Nanomaterial pour density
- Nanomaterial photocatalytic activity
- Nanomaterial radical formation potential
- Nanomaterial catalytic activity
- Endpoint summary
- Stability
- Biodegradation
- Bioaccumulation
- Transport and distribution
- Environmental data
- Additional information on environmental fate and behaviour
- Ecotoxicological Summary
- Aquatic toxicity
- Endpoint summary
- Short-term toxicity to fish
- Long-term toxicity to fish
- Short-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Long-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Toxicity to aquatic algae and cyanobacteria
- Toxicity to aquatic plants other than algae
- Toxicity to microorganisms
- Endocrine disrupter testing in aquatic vertebrates – in vivo
- Toxicity to other aquatic organisms
- Sediment toxicity
- Terrestrial toxicity
- Biological effects monitoring
- Biotransformation and kinetics
- Additional ecotoxological information
- Toxicological Summary
- Toxicokinetics, metabolism and distribution
- Acute Toxicity
- Irritation / corrosion
- Sensitisation
- Repeated dose toxicity
- Genetic toxicity
- Carcinogenicity
- Toxicity to reproduction
- Specific investigations
- Exposure related observations in humans
- Toxic effects on livestock and pets
- Additional toxicological data
![](https://echa.europa.eu/o/diss-blank-theme/images/factsheets/A-REACH/factsheet/print_ecotoxicological-information.png)
Toxicity to terrestrial plants
Administrative data
Link to relevant study record(s)
- Endpoint:
- toxicity to terrestrial plants: long-term
- Type of information:
- experimental study
- Adequacy of study:
- key study
- Study period:
- 2019-12-12 - 2021-06-xx
- Reliability:
- 1 (reliable without restriction)
- Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:
- guideline study
- Remarks:
- The test temperature during the study was several times below the set range of 12 -32 °C. The technical equipment of the used greenhouse did not allow a complete control of temperature. The deviations from the set range of temperature did not impact the results of this as study as shown by the performance of the control plants.
- Qualifier:
- according to guideline
- Guideline:
- OECD Guideline 208 (Terrestrial Plants, Growth Test)
- Version / remarks:
- 2006: Terrestrial Plant Test: Seedling Emergence Test and
Commission Regulation (EU) No 2016/266 of December 07, 2015, C.31: Terrestrial Plant Test: Seedling Emergence and Seedling Growth Test - Deviations:
- no
- GLP compliance:
- yes (incl. QA statement)
- Specific details on test material used for the study:
- SOURCE OF TEST MATERIAL
- Source (i.e. manufacturer or supplier) and lot/batch number of test material: Sponsor of Test, Batch 190733
- Purity, including information on contaminants, isomers, etc.: 99.98 % Tolyltriazole - Analytical monitoring:
- no
- Details on sampling:
- - Sampling method: For trial 1, the application solution of the highest test item concentration was analysed. The concentration of the test item was determined by using an HPLC/UV detection system. Duplicate samples were taken and analysed.
- Sample storage conditions before analysis: frozen (about -20°C) and protected from light - Vehicle:
- yes
- Details on preparation and application of test substrate:
- - Method of mixing into soil (if used): application solution of the highest test concentration was prepared by dispersing 68447.78 mg (target 68440 mg) of the test item in 250 mL of acetone, see Table 2
- Controls: yes
- Chemical name of vehicle (organic solvent, emulsifier or dispersant): acetone
- Evaporation of vehicle before use: Dependent on the amount of soil used for 1, 5 and 6 species, 25, 125 and 150 mL (trial 2&3: only 25mL) of the respective application solution were dropped on 50, 250 and 300 g quartz sand (trial 2&3 only 50g) and left overnight under a hood for complete evaporation of the solvent. - Species:
- Allium cepa
- Plant group:
- Monocotyledonae (monocots)
- Details on test organisms:
- - Common name: Onion
- Plant family: Amaryllidaceae
- Source of seed: Zollinger Bio (Switzerland)
- Prior seed treatment/sterilization: untreated - Species:
- Triticum aestivum
- Plant group:
- Monocotyledonae (monocots)
- Details on test organisms:
- - Common name: Wheat
- Plant family: Poaceae
- Source of seed: not indicated
- Prior seed treatment/sterilization: untreated - Species:
- Brassica napus
- Plant group:
- Dicotyledonae (dicots)
- Details on test organisms:
- - Common name: Oilseed rape
- Plant family: Brassicaceae
- Source of seed: Saatgut Bardowick GmbH (Germany)
- Prior seed treatment/sterilization: untreated - Species:
- Daucus carota
- Plant group:
- Dicotyledonae (dicots)
- Details on test organisms:
- - Common name: Carrot
- Plant family: Apiaceae
- Source of seed: Zollinger Bio (Switzerland)
- Prior seed treatment/sterilization: untreated - Species:
- other: Solanum lycopersicum
- Plant group:
- Dicotyledonae (dicots)
- Details on test organisms:
- - Common name: Tomato
- Plant family: Solanaceae
- Source of seed: Zollinger Bio (Switzerland)
- Prior seed treatment/sterilization: untreated - Species:
- Phaseolus vulgaris
- Plant group:
- Dicotyledonae (dicots)
- Details on test organisms:
- - Common name: Bean
- Plant family: Fabaceae
- Source of seed: Syngenta (Switzerland)
- Prior seed treatment/sterilization: untreated - Test type:
- seedling emergence and seedling growth test
- Study type:
- laboratory study
- Substrate type:
- natural soil
- Remarks:
- Speyer 2.1, loamy sand
- Total exposure duration:
- 21 d
- Test temperature:
- 9.4 – 25.4 °C (minimum-maximum) with a mean of 17.4 °C (green house cabinet 2, trial 1),
16.4 – 26.3 °C (minimum-maximum) with a mean of 20.8 °C (green house cabinet 4, trial 1),
18.2 – 28.1 °C (minimum-maximum) with a mean of 21.3 °C (green house cabinet 4, trial 2),
18.2 – 28.5 °C (minimum-maximum) with a mean of 23.2 °C (green house cabinet 4, trial 3), for one short time period below the lower limit of the recommended range of 12 – 32 °C with no impact on the outcome of the study - pH:
- 4.7 ± 0.1
- Moisture:
- 31.8 ± 2.0 g per 100 g dry soil
- Details on test conditions:
- TEST SYSTEM
- Testing facility: Innovative Environmental Services (IES) Ltd
Benkenstrasse 260
4108 Witterswil
Switzerland
- Test container (type, material, size): non-porous plastic pots, 8x8x8 cm, surface area per pot 64cm2
- Amount of soil: 350g fresh weight
- Method of seeding: randomized design, seeds were sown per treatment and plant species after soil application, seeds were not imbibed with water. Application was performed by dissolving test item in acetone, preparing test item-sand mixtures after evaporation of the solvent and mixing the test item-sand mixtures with the soil substrates. After application, the seeds were sown.
- No. of seeds per container: 1
- No. of replicates per treatment group: 20
- No. of replicates per control: 20
- No. of replicates per vehicle control: 20
SOURCE AND PROPERTIES OF SUBSTRATE (if soil)
- Soil: Speyer 2.1
- Soil classification: loamy/silty sand
- Organic carbon (%): 0.63 ± 0.07 %
- Maximum water holding capacity (in % dry weigth): 31.8 ± 2.0 g per 100 g dry soil
- CEC: 3.7 ± 0.7 meq per 100 g
- Storage (condition, duration): in plastic bags under ambient room conditions
GROWTH CONDITIONS
- Photoperiod: 16:8
- Light source: not specified
- Light intensity and quality: 3.81-4.07 kLux (trial 1), 1.51 – 1.48 kLux (trial 2), 3.69 – 4.51 kLux (trial 3)
- Relative humidity (%): 51 - 77 % (minimum-maximum) with a mean of 64 % (green house cabinet 2, trial 1),
50 - 73 % (minimum-maximum) with a mean of 60 % (green house cabinet 4, trial 1),
47 - 78 % (minimum-maximum) with a mean of 59 % (green house cabinet 4, trial 2),
48 - 74 % (minimum-maximum) with a mean of 58 % (green house cabinet 4, trial 3), within the required limits (70 ± 25 %).
- Watering regime and schedules:
trial 1: days 0, 1, 2, 3, 8, 13, 17, 21, 24 (all) and additionally 31 (bean), 34, 36, 42 (carrot)
trial 2 (carrot): 0, 4, 7, 14, 17, 21, 25, 28
trial 3 (carrot): 0, 1, 6, 9, 14, 16, 20, 22, 26, 27
- Water source/type: local tap water for irrigation, ultarpure water for preparation of application solution
- Volume applied: 0.5 - 1.0 L tap water per tray comprising 40 pots
- Amount of soil used per vessel: 350g (fresh weight), 1 seed each
- Method of application: Prior to test start of trial 1, the application solution of the highest test concentration was prepared by dispersing 68447.78 mg (target 68440 mg) of the test item in 250 mL of acetone. The application solutions of the lower test concentrations were prepared by diluting the next higher concentration with appropriate volumes of acetone according the scheme in Table 2. Dependent on the amount of soil used for 1, 5 and 6 species, 25, 125 and 150 mL of the respective application solution were dropped on 50, 250 and 300 g quartz sand and left overnight under a hood for complete evaporation of the solvent. Afterwards, the test item-sand mixture was thoroughly mixed before the introduction into the soil substrate.
Prior to test start of trial 2 & 3, the application solution of the highest test concentration was prepared by dispersing 16689.94 (target 13688 mg) and 13687.94 mg (target 13688 mg) of the test item, respectively, in 25 mL of acetone. The application solutions of the lower test concentrations were prepared by diluting the next higher concentration with appropriate volumes of acetone according the scheme in Table 3.
25 mL of the respective application solution was dropped on 50 g quartz sand and left for four hours under a hood for complete evaporation of the solvent. Afterwards, the test item-sand mixture was thoroughly mixed before the introduction into the soil substrate.
ACCLIMATION PERIOD: not specified
EFFECT PARAMETERS MEASURED (with observation intervals if applicable): emergence, visual phytotoxicity and mortality of emerged plants. At the end, also final fresh weight and shoot length; weekly
- Phytotoxicity rating system (if used): leaf and stem deformations, chlorosis, necrosis and overall appearance compared with control:
• 0 (no symptoms): 0% of leaf area damaged,
• 1 (slight symptoms): ≤ 25% of leaf area damaged,
• 2 (moderate symptoms): 25-75% of leaf area damaged,
• 3 (severe symptoms): ≥ 75% of area leaf damaged
VEHICLE CONTROL PERFORMED: yes
TEST CONCENTRATIONS
- Spacing factor for test concentrations: 3.2
- Range finding study: yes
- Definite test concentrations: 1.0, 3.2, 10, 32 and 100 mg/kg dry soil (onion, trial 1))
10, 32, 100, 320 and 1000 mg/kg dry soil (wheat, bean, carrot, oilseed rape and tomato, trial 1).
10, 32, 100, 320 and 1000 mg/kg dry soil (carrot, trial 2 & 3). - Nominal and measured concentrations:
- nominal [mg per kg dry soil]: 10, 32, 100, 320 and 1000 mg/kg dry soil (Wheat, bean, carrot, oilseed rape, tomato in trial 1);
1.0, 3.2, 10, 32 and 100 mg/kg dry soil (Onion in trial 1);
10, 32, 100, 320 and 1000 mg/kg dry soil (Carrot in trial 2 & 3) - Species:
- Lycopersicon esculentum
- Duration:
- 21 d
- Dose descriptor:
- EC10
- Effect conc.:
- 14.7 mg/kg soil dw
- 95% CI:
- >= 6.95 - <= 22.4
- Nominal / measured:
- nominal
- Conc. based on:
- test mat.
- Basis for effect:
- seedling emergence
- Species:
- Lycopersicon esculentum
- Duration:
- 21 d
- Dose descriptor:
- EC50
- Effect conc.:
- 45.7 mg/kg soil dw
- 95% CI:
- >= 31.9 - <= 64.8
- Nominal / measured:
- nominal
- Conc. based on:
- test mat.
- Basis for effect:
- seedling emergence
- Species:
- Brassica rapa
- Duration:
- 21 d
- Dose descriptor:
- EC10
- Effect conc.:
- 7.17 mg/kg soil dw
- Nominal / measured:
- nominal
- Conc. based on:
- test mat.
- Basis for effect:
- other: mortality
- Species:
- Brassica rapa
- Duration:
- 21 d
- Dose descriptor:
- EC50
- Effect conc.:
- 9.37 mg/kg soil dw
- Nominal / measured:
- nominal
- Conc. based on:
- test mat.
- Basis for effect:
- other: mortality
- Key result
- Species:
- Allium cepa
- Duration:
- 21 d
- Dose descriptor:
- EC10
- Effect conc.:
- 0.45 mg/kg soil dw
- 95% CI:
- >= 0.28 - <= 0.65
- Nominal / measured:
- nominal
- Conc. based on:
- test mat.
- Basis for effect:
- growth
- Remarks:
- shoot length
- Remarks on result:
- other: based on pooled control
- Species:
- Allium cepa
- Duration:
- 21 d
- Dose descriptor:
- EC50
- Effect conc.:
- 18.1 mg/kg soil dw
- 95% CI:
- >= 15.7 - <= 21.3
- Nominal / measured:
- nominal
- Conc. based on:
- test mat.
- Basis for effect:
- growth
- Remarks:
- shoot length
- Remarks on result:
- other: based on pooled control
- Species:
- Lycopersicon esculentum
- Duration:
- 21 d
- Dose descriptor:
- EC10
- Effect conc.:
- 0.91 mg/kg soil dw
- 95% CI:
- >= 0.73 - <= 1.14
- Nominal / measured:
- nominal
- Conc. based on:
- test mat.
- Basis for effect:
- growth
- Remarks:
- fresh weight
- Remarks on result:
- other: based on pooled control
- Key result
- Species:
- Lycopersicon esculentum
- Duration:
- 21 d
- Dose descriptor:
- EC50
- Effect conc.:
- 9.17 mg/kg soil dw
- 95% CI:
- >= 8.66 - <= 9.68
- Nominal / measured:
- nominal
- Conc. based on:
- test mat.
- Basis for effect:
- growth
- Remarks:
- fresh weight
- Remarks on result:
- other: based on pooled data
- Details on results:
- see Table 4 and 5
- the recovery in the application solution for the highest test concentration of 1000 mg/kg dry soil was found to be 104 % of the test item - Reported statistics and error estimates:
- - Fisher exact test (one-sided greater, α = 0.05) and multiple sequentially Fisher test after Bonferroni-Holm (one-sided greater, α = 0.05): emergence/mortality
- Student T-test (two-sided, α = 0.05)
- Williams t-test or the Welsh t-test for inhomogeneous variances (one-sided smaller, α = 0.05): fresh weight and shoot height per replicate
- Spearman-Karber method, moving average method and probit analysis: Calculations of EC10, EC20 and EC50 for emergence (for wheat, bean, carrot, oilseed rape and tomato) and LC10, LC20 and LC50 for mortality of emerged plants (oilseed rape only)
- Probit analysis slope/intercept: 2.94320/-6.32190 (carrot), 3.91598/-10.02242 (oilseed rape emergence), 11.03985/-10.72876 (oilseed rape mortality), 2.60264/-4.31949 (tomato)
- symptoms of toxicity were not statistically evaluated since these effects (i.e. reduced growth) were covered by the statistical analysis of growth
- non-linear regression (3-parametric normal cumulative distribution function with Downhill-Simplex method optimization and 500 optimization cycles using treatment means as values and 500 resamplings for estimating confidence limits): Calculations of EC10, EC20 and EC50 for growth (shoot length and shoot fresh weight, all species)
- In order to increase the statistical power, the calculations of wheat growth were performed excluding the treatment of 1000 mg/kg dry soil
- Statistical analysis was performed using ToxRat Professional, Version 3.3.0 - Validity criteria fulfilled:
- yes
- Conclusions:
- In a valid, reliable and conclusive study following the OECD 208, the effects of the test item Tolyltriazole on seedling emergence and early growth of emerged plants were tested. For the overall NOEC-values Tomato turned out to be the most susceptible species for emergence, oilseed rape for mortality, for shoot length and fresh weight it was onion (the overall EC20 value was based on tomato as the most susceptible species).
- Executive summary:
The overall NOEC for emergence was based on results of tomato as the most susceptible species and was 10 mg/kg dry soil. The corresponding EC20 value was 21.7 mg/kg dry soil (95 % confidence interval: 12.1-31.1 mg/kg dry soil).
The overall NOEC for mortality of the emerged plants was based on results of oilseed rape as the most susceptible species and was 100 mg/kg dry soil. The corresponding LC20 value was 221 mg/kg dry soil (95 % confidence interval: 134-293 mg/kg dry soil).
The overall NOEC for shoot length was based on results of onion as the most susceptible species and was < 1.0 mg/kg dry soil. The corresponding EC20 value was 6.25 mg/kg dry soil (95 % confidence interval: 5.92-7.37 mg/kg dry soil) based on solvent control and 1.60 mg/kg dry soil (95 % confidence interval: 1.17-2.02 mg/kg dry soil) based on pooled control.
The overall NOEC for fresh weight was based on results of onion as the most susceptible species and was < 1.0 mg/kg dry soil. The overall EC20 value was based on tomato as the most susceptible species and was 2.02 mg/kg dry soil (95 % confidence interval: 1.73-2.37 mg/kg dry soil).
Reference
Table 4: Summary Table Growth
Endpoints | Onion (A. cepa) | Wheat (T. aestivum) | Bean (P. vulgaris) | Carrot (D. carota) | Oilseed rape (B. napus) | Tomato (L. esculentum) | ||||
Solvent control | Pooled control | Solvent control | Pooled control | Pooled control | Pooled control | Solvent control | Pooled control | Solvent control | Pooled control | |
Shoot Length | ||||||||||
NOEC | <1.0 | <1.0 | - | <10 | 32 | 32 | <10 | <10 | <10 | <10 |
EC10 | 2.68 | 0.45 | - | 26.1 | 58.6 | 60.3 | 17.8 | 8.52 | 21.2 | 11.0 |
EC20 | 6.25 | 1.60 | - | 48.1 | 95.8 | 92.9 | 25.2 | 14.1 | 31.9 | 19.0 |
EC25 | 8.62 | 2.59 | - | 60.6 | 115 | 110 | 28.8 | 17.0 | 37.3 | 23.3 |
EC50 | 31.7 | 18.1 | - | 154 | 245 | 213 | 49.2 | 36.7 | 69.7 | 55.1 |
Freshweight | ||||||||||
NOEC | 10 | <1.0 | <10 | <10 | 10 | 32 | - | <10 | - | <10 |
EC10 | 5.79 | 1.56 | 14.1 | 27.6 | 15.1 | 53.9 | - | 3.11 | - | 0.91 |
EC20 | 10.1 | 3.69 | 26.0 | 43.6 | 27.8 | 68.2 | - | 5.77 | - | 2.02 |
EC25 | 12.5 | 5.12 | 32.7 | 51.9 | 35.0 | 74.6 | - | 7.3 | - | 2.72 |
EC50 | 29.3 | 19.2 | 83.5 | 105 | 89.2 | 107 | - | 18.9 | - | 9.17 |
Table 5: Summary Table Emergence and Mortality
Species | Onion (A. cepa) | Wheat (T. aestivum) | Bean (P. vulgaris) | Carrot (D. carota) | Oilseed rape (B. napus) | Tomato (L. esculentum) | ||||||
Endpoints | Emergence | Mortality | Emergence | Mortality | Emergence | Mortality | Emergence | Mortality | Emergence | Mortality | Emergence | Mortality |
NOEC | >100 | >100 | 320 | >1000 | 320 | >320 | 100 | >320 | 100 | 100 | 10 | >100 |
EC/LC10 | n.a. | n.a. | n.a. | n.a. | n.a. | n.a. | 51.6 | n.a. | 171 | 7.17 | 14.7 | n.a. |
EC/LC20 | n.a. | n.a. | n.a. | n.a. | n.a. | n.a. | 72.8 | n.a. | 221 | 7.86 | 21.7 | n.a. |
EC/LC25 | n.a. | n.a. | n.a. | n.a. | n.a. | n.a. | 82.9 | n.a. | 244 | 8.14 | 25.1 | n.a. |
EC/LC50 | >100 | >100 | 405 | >1000 | 566 | >320 | 141 | >320 | 363 | 9.37 | 45.7 | >100 |
Description of key information
The toxicity to plants was investigated in a long-term study exposing five different species with Tolyltriazole. The most sensitive long-term endpoint was the shoot length in onions (EC10, 21 d: 0.45 mg/kg dw). For the growth of tomatos (shoot length) the most sensitive acute endpoint was found (EC50, 21d: 9.17 mg/kg dw).
Key value for chemical safety assessment
- Short-term EC50 or LC50 for terrestrial plants:
- 9.17 mg/kg soil dw
- Long-term EC10, LC10 or NOEC for terrestrial plants:
- 0.45 mg/kg soil dw
Additional information
Information on Registered Substances comes from registration dossiers which have been assigned a registration number. The assignment of a registration number does however not guarantee that the information in the dossier is correct or that the dossier is compliant with Regulation (EC) No 1907/2006 (the REACH Regulation). This information has not been reviewed or verified by the Agency or any other authority. The content is subject to change without prior notice.
Reproduction or further distribution of this information may be subject to copyright protection. Use of the information without obtaining the permission from the owner(s) of the respective information might violate the rights of the owner.
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