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EC number: 266-257-8 | CAS number: 66215-27-8
- Life Cycle description
- Uses advised against
- Endpoint summary
- Appearance / physical state / colour
- Melting point / freezing point
- Boiling point
- Density
- Particle size distribution (Granulometry)
- Vapour pressure
- Partition coefficient
- Water solubility
- Solubility in organic solvents / fat solubility
- Surface tension
- Flash point
- Auto flammability
- Flammability
- Explosiveness
- Oxidising properties
- Oxidation reduction potential
- Stability in organic solvents and identity of relevant degradation products
- Storage stability and reactivity towards container material
- Stability: thermal, sunlight, metals
- pH
- Dissociation constant
- Viscosity
- Additional physico-chemical information
- Additional physico-chemical properties of nanomaterials
- Nanomaterial agglomeration / aggregation
- Nanomaterial crystalline phase
- Nanomaterial crystallite and grain size
- Nanomaterial aspect ratio / shape
- Nanomaterial specific surface area
- Nanomaterial Zeta potential
- Nanomaterial surface chemistry
- Nanomaterial dustiness
- Nanomaterial porosity
- Nanomaterial pour density
- Nanomaterial photocatalytic activity
- Nanomaterial radical formation potential
- Nanomaterial catalytic activity
- Endpoint summary
- Stability
- Biodegradation
- Bioaccumulation
- Transport and distribution
- Environmental data
- Additional information on environmental fate and behaviour
- Ecotoxicological Summary
- Aquatic toxicity
- Endpoint summary
- Short-term toxicity to fish
- Long-term toxicity to fish
- Short-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Long-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Toxicity to aquatic algae and cyanobacteria
- Toxicity to aquatic plants other than algae
- Toxicity to microorganisms
- Endocrine disrupter testing in aquatic vertebrates – in vivo
- Toxicity to other aquatic organisms
- Sediment toxicity
- Terrestrial toxicity
- Biological effects monitoring
- Biotransformation and kinetics
- Additional ecotoxological information
- Toxicological Summary
- Toxicokinetics, metabolism and distribution
- Acute Toxicity
- Irritation / corrosion
- Sensitisation
- Repeated dose toxicity
- Genetic toxicity
- Carcinogenicity
- Toxicity to reproduction
- Specific investigations
- Exposure related observations in humans
- Toxic effects on livestock and pets
- Additional toxicological data
Phototransformation in soil
Administrative data
- Endpoint:
- phototransformation in soil
- Type of information:
- experimental study
- Adequacy of study:
- supporting study
- Study period:
- 1999/07/28 to 2000/11/14
- Reliability:
- 1 (reliable without restriction)
- Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:
- test procedure in accordance with national standard methods
Data source
Reference
- Reference Type:
- study report
- Title:
- Unnamed
- Year:
- 2 000
- Report date:
- 2000
Materials and methods
Test guidelineopen allclose all
- Guideline:
- EPA Guideline Subdivision N 161-3 (Photodegradation Studies on Soil)
- Version / remarks:
- Oct 1982
- Qualifier:
- according to guideline
- Guideline:
- other: Richtlinien fur die amtliche Prufung von Pflanzenschutzmitteln Teil IV, 4 - 1: "Verbleib von Pflanzenschutzmitteln im Boden: Abbau, Umwandlung und Metabolismus": Biologische Bundesanstalt fur Land- und Forstwirtschaft, Bundesrepublik Deutschland
- Version / remarks:
- December 1986
- Deviations:
- no
- Qualifier:
- according to guideline
- Guideline:
- other: EC, Working document 1607/VI/97 rev. 1; Amending Council Directive 91/414 Setac procedures for Assessing the Environmental Fate and Ecotoxicity of Pesticides
- Version / remarks:
- March 1995
- Deviations:
- no
- GLP compliance:
- yes
Test material
- Reference substance name:
- N-cyclopropyl-1,3,5-triazine-2,4,6-triamine
- EC Number:
- 266-257-8
- EC Name:
- N-cyclopropyl-1,3,5-triazine-2,4,6-triamine
- Cas Number:
- 66215-27-8
- Molecular formula:
- C6H10N6
- IUPAC Name:
- N2-cyclopropyl-1,3,5-triazine-2,4,6-triamine
- Test material form:
- solid: particulate/powder
Constituent 1
- Radiolabelling:
- yes
- Remarks:
- [U-14C]triazine labelled cyromazine
Study design
- Analytical monitoring:
- yes
- Analytical method:
- high-performance liquid chromatography
- Details on sampling:
- Duplicate samples were taken and analysed after about 17, 24, 41, 65, 137, and 240 hours of irradiation. Dark control samples were taken at the same time intervals of incubation in the dark.
Additionally, two unexposed samples were analysed at the start of the incubation (day 0). - Details on soil:
- The soil was an irradiated Gartenacker loam/silt loam at either 75% FC or almost dry, the soil characteristics are detailed in Table 1.
- Light source:
- Xenon lamp
- Light spectrum: wavelength in nm:
- >= 290
- Relative light intensity:
- 75
- Details on light source:
- Light form a xenon arc lamp filtered to remove light from wavelengths <290 nm was used to continuously irradiate the soils for periods of up to 240 hours, equivalent to 30 days natural summer sunlight at latitude 30-50°N. The mean light intensity of the lamp was approximately 75 W/m2.
- Details on test conditions:
- The photolytic degradation of [U-14C]triazine labelled cyromazine was evaluated on a soil surface at 20°C under an artificial light source (Heraeus Suntest equipment). Test samples were prepared by coating glass slides with a soil slurry and allowing the moisture to evaporate until either the soil was at 75% FC or almost dry. The thickness of the final soil layers was approximately 2 mm. 14C-cyromazine was applied to the soil surface at a rate of 3.2 µg/cm2 corresponding to a field rate of 320 g ai/ha.
Duration of test at given test conditionopen allclose all
- Duration:
- 240 h
- % Moisture:
- 75
- Temp.:
- 20 °C
- Initial conc. measured:
- 320 g/ha d.w.
- Duration:
- 240 h
- % Moisture:
- 0
- Temp.:
- 20 °C
- Initial conc. measured:
- 320 g/ha d.w.
- Reference substance:
- no
- Dark controls:
- yes
Results and discussion
% Degradationopen allclose all
- % Degr.:
- 12.1
- Sampling time:
- 240 h
- Test condition:
- Non-irradiated, Moist Soil (Dark Control)
- Remarks on result:
- other: Based on 97.1% parent at time 0 and 85% at 240 h
- Key result
- % Degr.:
- 35
- Sampling time:
- 240 h
- Test condition:
- Irradiated, Dry Soil
- Remarks on result:
- other: Based on 97.1% parent at time 0 and 62.1 % at 240 h
- Key result
- % Degr.:
- 96.1
- Sampling time:
- 240 h
- Test condition:
- Irradiated, Moist Soil
- Remarks on result:
- other: Based on 97. 1% parent at time 0 and 1.0 at 240 h
Dissipation half-life of parent compound
- Key result
- DT50:
- 3.5 d
- Test condition:
- Moist irradiated soil
- Remarks on result:
- other: Days of natural summer sunlight
- Transformation products:
- yes
Identity of transformation products
- No.:
- #1
Reference
- Reference substance name:
- Unnamed
- IUPAC name:
- 1,3,5-triazine-2,4,6-triamine
- Inventory number:
- InventoryMultipleMappingImpl [inventoryEntryValue=EC 203-615-4]
- CAS number:
- 108-78-1
- Identity:
- 1,3,5-Triazine-2,4,6-triamine
- Molecular formula:
- C3H6N6
- Molecular weight:
- 126.12
- SMILES notation:
- Nc1nc(N)nc(N)n1
- InChl:
- InChI=1/C3H6N6/c4-1-7-2(5)9-3(6)8-1/h(H6,4,5,6,7,8,9)
- Details on results:
- The total recovery of radioactivity from samples of both the irradiated (moist and dry) and non- irradiated treatments was between 94 and 99% of total applied. Volatile radioactivity was <0.1% of applied radiochemical for all treatments, showing that no volatile components are produced from photolysis of cyromazine. The total recovery of radioactivity and the distribution is shown in Table1.
In moist irradiated soil, cyromazine degraded rapidly with 1% remaining at the end of the irradiation period (240 hours). The half-life of cyromazine was calculated to be 3.5 days by simple first order kinetics (DT90 12 days). Only one major degradate was observed, melamine, which increased throughout the irradiation period to 53% of applied radioactivity. Several minor metabolites were isolated but none accounted individually for more than 7% of the applied radioactivity. Non-extractable radioactivity in the soil increased with increasing time of irradiation to a maximum of 32.9% of the applied radiochemical by the end of the study.
In dry irradiated soil the level of cyromazine fell rapidly from 97% to 74% of applied radiochemical during the first 24 hours. Thereafter, degradation was slow with 62% of the parent remaining after the full 240-hour irradiation. The rapid initial loss was attributed to residual moisture in the soil catalysing the breakdown of cyromazine as in the moist soil. However, after 24 hours, the water had fully evaporated and the second phase of much slower degradation was a reflection of the rate of loss under true dry soil conditions. Melamine was again the only major product formed, which reached 15% of applied by the end of the study (240 hours of irradiation).
In moist non-irradiated soil degradation of cyromazine was very slow, 85% of the applied parent was recovered at the end of the incubation period (240 hours in the dark). No significant metabolites were formed under non-irradiated, moist conditions.
Any other information on results incl. tables
Table 2: Distribution and recovery of 14C-cyromazine and its degradates in irradiated and non- irradiated Gartenacker soil in % of applied radioactivity
Irradiation or incubation time (hours) | Extractables (%) | Cyromazine (%) | Melamine (%) | Unknowns **
(%) | CO2 (%) | Non- extractable (%) | Total (%) |
Irradiated, Moist Soil | |||||||
0 | 98.4 | 97.1 | 1.3 | * | <0.05 | 0.6 | 99.0 |
17.3 | 81.9 | 60.6 | 17.3 | 3.1 | <0.05 | 16.0 | 97.9 |
24.0 | 77.8 | 55.1 | 17.9 | 4.8 | <0.05 | 17.3 | 95.1 |
41.3 | 75.5 | 35.3 | 30.9 | 9.3 | <0.05 | 19.5 | 95.0 |
65.3 | 72.3 | 18.0 | 42.7 | 11.5 | <0.05 | 22.0 | 94.3 |
137.3 | 65.3 | 5.5 | 49.2 | 13.1 | <0.05 | 29.1 | 94.3 |
240.0 | 61.5 | 1.0 | 54.0 | 6.9 | 0.1 | 32.9 | 94.4 |
Continuation of Table 2.
Irradiated, Dry Soil | |||||||
Irradiation or incubation time (hours) | Extractables (%) | Cyromazine (%) | Melamine (%) | Unknowns **
(%) | CO2 (%) | Non- extractable (%) | Total (%) |
0 | 98.4 | 97.1 | 1.3 | * | <0.05 | 0.6 | 99.0 |
17.3 | 87.2 | 77.6 | 8.6 | 1.0 | <0.05 | 10.0 | 97.2 |
24.0 | 84.3 | 74.3 | 8.9 | 1.2 | <0.05 | 9.9 | 94.2 |
41.3 | 82.6 | 69.3 | 11.0 | 3.1 | <0.05 | 11.4 | 94.1 |
65.3 | 82.9 | 68.3 | 11.3 | 3.2 | <0.05 | 11.2 | 94.2 |
137.3 | 80.3 | 65.4 | 12.1 | 3.2 | <0.05 | 14.0 | 94.3 |
240.0 | 81.6 | 62.1 | 14.7 | 5.7 | <0.05 | 14.2 | 95.8 |
Non-irradiated, Moist Soil (Dark Control) | |||||||
0 | 98.4 | 97.1 | 1.3 | * | <0.05 | 0.6 | 99.0 |
17.3 | 91.7 | 90.8 | 0.9 | * | <0.05 | 4.3 | 95.9 |
24.0 | 89.4 | 88.4 | 1.0 | * | <0.05 | 4.7 | 94.1 |
41.3 | 88.5 | 87.7 | 0.8 | * | <0.05 | 5.5 | 94.0 |
65.3 | 88.0 | 87.3 | 0.7 | * | <0.05 | 6.1 | 94.1 |
137.3 | 87.0 | 85.7 | 1.4 | * | <0.05 | 7.4 | 94.4 |
240.0 | 86.3 | 85.0 | 1.3 | * | <0.05 | 8.7 | 95.1 |
* Value below limit of detection
** Three unknowns separately quantified (M3, M4 and M5) maximum at any time was 6.9% of applied radiochemical
Applicant's summary and conclusion
- Validity criteria fulfilled:
- not specified
- Conclusions:
- The results demonstrate that although cyromazine is stable to direct photolysis, its rapid loss on moist soils must be attributed to the effects of indirect photolysis by photosensitisers like e.g. humic substances. The major products of photolysis on moist soil are melamine and non-extractable soil residues.
- Executive summary:
The photolytic degradation of [U-14C]triazine labelled cyromazine was evaluated on a soil surface at 20°C under an artificial light source. The soil used in this sutdy was an irradiated Gartenacker loam/silt loam. Test samples were prepared by coating glass slides with a soil slurry and allowing the moisture to evaporate until either the soil was at 75% FC or almost dry. The thickness of the final soil layers was approximately 2 mm. 14C-cyromazine was applied to the soil surface at a rate of 3.2 µg/cm2 corresponding to a field rate of 320 g ai/ha. Light form a xenon arc lamp filtered to remove light from wavelengths <290 nm was used to continuously irradiate the soils for periods of up to 240 hours, equivalent to 30 days natural summer sunlight at latitude 30-50°N.
The total recovery of radioactivity from samples of both the irradiated (moist and dry) and non- irradiated treatments was between 94 and 99% of total applied. In moist irradiated soil, cyromazine degraded rapidly with 1% remaining at the end of the irradiation period (240 hours). The half-life of cyromazine was calculated to be 3.5 days by simple first order kinetics (DT90 12 days). Only one major degradate was observed, melamine, which increased throughout the irradiation period to 53% of applied radioactivity. In dry irradiated soil the level of cyromazine fell rapidly from 97% to 74% of applied radiochemical during the first 24 hours. Thereafter, degradation was slow with 62% of the parent remaining after the full 240-hour irradiation. The rapid initial loss was attributed to residual moisture in the soil catalysing the breakdown of cyromazine as in the moist soil. Melamine was again the only major product formed, which reached 15% of applied by the end of the study (240 hours of irradiation). In moist non-irradiated soil degradation of cyromazine was very slow, 85% of the applied parent was recovered at the end of the incubation period (240 hours in the dark). No significant metabolites were formed under non-irradiated, moist conditions.
The results demonstrate that although cyromazine is stable to direct photolysis, its rapid loss on moist soils must be attributed to the effects of indirect photolysis by photosensitisers like e.g. humic substances. The major products of photolysis on moist soil are melamine and non-extractable soil residues.
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