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EC number: 452-330-3 | CAS number: -
- Life Cycle description
- Uses advised against
- Endpoint summary
- Appearance / physical state / colour
- Melting point / freezing point
- Boiling point
- Density
- Particle size distribution (Granulometry)
- Vapour pressure
- Partition coefficient
- Water solubility
- Solubility in organic solvents / fat solubility
- Surface tension
- Flash point
- Auto flammability
- Flammability
- Explosiveness
- Oxidising properties
- Oxidation reduction potential
- Stability in organic solvents and identity of relevant degradation products
- Storage stability and reactivity towards container material
- Stability: thermal, sunlight, metals
- pH
- Dissociation constant
- Viscosity
- Additional physico-chemical information
- Additional physico-chemical properties of nanomaterials
- Nanomaterial agglomeration / aggregation
- Nanomaterial crystalline phase
- Nanomaterial crystallite and grain size
- Nanomaterial aspect ratio / shape
- Nanomaterial specific surface area
- Nanomaterial Zeta potential
- Nanomaterial surface chemistry
- Nanomaterial dustiness
- Nanomaterial porosity
- Nanomaterial pour density
- Nanomaterial photocatalytic activity
- Nanomaterial radical formation potential
- Nanomaterial catalytic activity
- Endpoint summary
- Stability
- Biodegradation
- Bioaccumulation
- Transport and distribution
- Environmental data
- Additional information on environmental fate and behaviour
- Ecotoxicological Summary
- Aquatic toxicity
- Endpoint summary
- Short-term toxicity to fish
- Long-term toxicity to fish
- Short-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Long-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Toxicity to aquatic algae and cyanobacteria
- Toxicity to aquatic plants other than algae
- Toxicity to microorganisms
- Endocrine disrupter testing in aquatic vertebrates – in vivo
- Toxicity to other aquatic organisms
- Sediment toxicity
- Terrestrial toxicity
- Biological effects monitoring
- Biotransformation and kinetics
- Additional ecotoxological information
- Toxicological Summary
- Toxicokinetics, metabolism and distribution
- Acute Toxicity
- Irritation / corrosion
- Sensitisation
- Repeated dose toxicity
- Genetic toxicity
- Carcinogenicity
- Toxicity to reproduction
- Specific investigations
- Exposure related observations in humans
- Toxic effects on livestock and pets
- Additional toxicological data
Short-term toxicity to fish
Administrative data
Link to relevant study record(s)
- Endpoint:
- short-term toxicity to fish
- Type of information:
- experimental study
- Adequacy of study:
- key study
- Study period:
- 02 November 2003 to 07 November 2003
- Reliability:
- 1 (reliable without restriction)
- Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:
- guideline study
- Qualifier:
- according to guideline
- Guideline:
- OECD Guideline 203 (Fish, Acute Toxicity Test)
- Deviations:
- no
- Qualifier:
- according to guideline
- Guideline:
- EU Method C.1 (Acute Toxicity for Fish)
- Deviations:
- no
- Qualifier:
- according to guideline
- Guideline:
- EPA OPPTS 850.1075 (Freshwater and Saltwater Fish Acute Toxicity Test)
- Deviations:
- no
- GLP compliance:
- yes (incl. QA statement)
- Analytical monitoring:
- yes
- Details on sampling:
- - Sampling method: Samples for analysis were taken from the centre of the test solutions.
- Vehicle:
- no
- Details on test solutions:
- PREPARATION AND APPLICATION OF TEST SOLUTION
- Method: The test solution was prepared by adding a known amount of the test material directly to 30 litres of dilution water in the test vessel. The test solutions was stirred for 16.5 hours prior to the addition of the test organisms. The solution was yellow in colour. - Test organisms (species):
- Oncorhynchus mykiss (previous name: Salmo gairdneri)
- Details on test organisms:
- TEST ORGANISM
- Common name: Rainbow trout
- Length at study initiation (length definition, mean, range and SD): 49 to 57 mm (mean 54 mm)
- Weight at study initiation (mean and range, SD): 1.43 to 2.68 g (mean 2.12 g)
- Feeding during test: None
ACCLIMATION
- Acclimation period: A minimum of 7 days
- Acclimation conditions (same as test or not): 25 % seawater. Prior to the test, the fish were acclimatised to the test temperature (15 ± 1 °C)
- Feeding frequency: During the holding and acclimatisation periods, the fish were fed appropriate amounts of a commercial fish food. Food was withheld from the fish for at least 24 hours prior to the commencement of the test.
- Health during acclimation (any mortality observed): The last medication given to the fish was 170 mg/L formalin treatment given for 1 hour on the last day of the holding period. Less than 1 % mortality was observed in the batch of fish in the 7 days prior to the test. - Test type:
- static
- Water media type:
- freshwater
- Limit test:
- yes
- Total exposure duration:
- 96 h
- Hardness:
- 53.7 mg/L as CaCO3
- Test temperature:
- 15 ± 1 °C
- pH:
- 7.32 to 7.71
- Dissolved oxygen:
- 9.49 to 9.96 mg/L
>94 % of the air saturation value - Nominal and measured concentrations:
- 100 mg/L nominal
- Details on test conditions:
- TEST SYSTEM
- Test vessel material, size, headspace, fill volume: Single borosilicate glass vessels 460 mm x 305 mm x 310 mm. Maximum capacity of 43 L and a working volume of 30 L.
- Aeration: Gently aerated
- No. of organisms per vessel: 10
- No. of vessels per concentration (replicates): triplicate
- Biomass loading rate: 0.71 g/L
TEST MEDIUM / WATER PARAMETERS
- Source/preparation of dilution water: Dechlorinated tap water, which had been passed through activated carbon coarsely filtered to remove particulate material and dechlorinated with sodium thiosulphate. Salts were added to maintain minimum hardness levels and the treated water was then passed through an UV steriliser to a second set of 20 and 10 µm filters.
- Chlorine: <2 µg/L
- Alkalinity: 29.8 mg/L as CaCO3
- Ammonia: 1.0 µg/L as NH3-N
- Conductivity: 274 µS/cm at 25 °C
- Culture medium different from test medium: The fish were kept in 25 % sea water.
- Intervals of water quality measurement: The pH and conductivity of the laboratory dechlorinated water supply were monitored every week day. Hardness, alkalinity and free residual chlorine were measured once a week. Total ammonia was measured once a month. The dechlorinated water supply was also monitored periodically for chemical oxygen demand, total organic carbon, total suspended solids, a range of cations and anions, trace metals, pesticides and other hydrocarbons.
OTHER TEST CONDITIONS
- Photoperiod: 16 hours fluorescent light and 8 hours dark with 20 minute dawn and dusk transition periods commencing at 06:00 and 21:40 hours.
EFFECT PARAMETERS MEASURED (with observation intervals if applicable) : Daily measurements of the test solutions were undertaken throughout the 96 hour period for pH and dissolved oxygen concentration using calibrated meters. Temperature values were determined daily using a mercury-in-glass thermometer calibrated to 0.1 °C and conforming to BS593. Hourly temperature measures were also recorded automatically in the dilution water control using an electronic recording system.
Observations for mortalities and symptoms of toxicity were made at 3, 24, 48, 72 and 96 hours. - Reference substance (positive control):
- no
- Duration:
- 3 h
- Dose descriptor:
- LC50
- Effect conc.:
- > 100 mg/L
- Nominal / measured:
- nominal
- Conc. based on:
- test mat.
- Basis for effect:
- mortality (fish)
- Duration:
- 24 h
- Dose descriptor:
- LC50
- Effect conc.:
- > 100 mg/L
- Nominal / measured:
- nominal
- Conc. based on:
- test mat.
- Basis for effect:
- mortality (fish)
- Duration:
- 48 h
- Dose descriptor:
- LC50
- Effect conc.:
- > 100 mg/L
- Nominal / measured:
- nominal
- Conc. based on:
- test mat.
- Basis for effect:
- mortality (fish)
- Duration:
- 72 h
- Dose descriptor:
- LC50
- Effect conc.:
- > 100 mg/L
- Nominal / measured:
- nominal
- Conc. based on:
- test mat.
- Basis for effect:
- mortality (fish)
- Duration:
- 96 h
- Dose descriptor:
- LC50
- Effect conc.:
- > 100 mg/L
- Nominal / measured:
- nominal
- Conc. based on:
- test mat.
- Basis for effect:
- mortality (fish)
- Duration:
- 96 h
- Dose descriptor:
- NOEC
- Effect conc.:
- 100 mg/L
- Nominal / measured:
- nominal
- Conc. based on:
- test mat.
- Basis for effect:
- mortality (fish)
- Details on results:
- - Behavioural abnormalities: The only symptom of toxicity observed in this study was sounding.
- Mortality of control: No organisms died in the controlce in test medium: - Sublethal observations / clinical signs:
Table 1: Analytical results
Nominal concentration of test material (mg/L)
Measured concentration of test material (mg/L)
Mean measured concentration over the test durationa(mg/L)
Mean measured concentration as percentage of nominal concentration
Percentage loss in conc over test durationa
0 hours
% of nominal
96 hours
% of nominal
Dilution water control
<0.012
-
<0.012
-
<0.012
-
-
100
110c
110
110d
110
110
110
0
aCalculated using the arithmetic mean of the 0 and 96 hour results.
b100-[(final analysed concentration/concentration at 0 hours)x100
cMean triplicate analyses.
dMean triplicate analyses.
Table 2: Symptoms of toxicity observed
Nominal concentration of test material (mg/L)
Symptoms observed
3 h
24 h
48 h
72 h
96 h
100
A
A
A
Ca
A
A = 10% or less of test population dead or exhibiting symptoms of toxicity
B = between 11% and 30% of test population dead or exhibiting symptoms of toxicity
C = more than 30% of test population dead or exhibiting symptoms of toxicity
a - sounding
Table 3: pH, Dissolved oxygen concentrations and temperature of test vessels
Nominal concentration of test material (mg/L)
0 hours
24 hours
48 hour
72 hours
96 hours
DO (mg/L)
DO%a
pH
Temp (°C)
DO (mg/L)
DO%
pH
Temp (°C)
DO (mg/L)
DO%
pH
Temp (°C)
DO (mg/L)
DO%
pH
Temp (°C)
DO (mg/L)
DO%
pH
Temp (°C)
Dilution water control
9.82
98
7.71
15
9.49
94
7.45
14.8
9.83
98
7.38
14.6
9.79
97
7.52
14.6
9.66
96
7.42
14.6
100
9.96
99
7.64
15
9.56
95
7.42
14.7
9.79
97
7.32
14.5
9.77
97
7.52
14.6
9.67
96
7.39
14.6
Table 4: Dilution water quality
Test day
pH
Conductivity at 25 °C (µS/cm)
Alkalinity as CaCO3 (mg/L)
Hardness total as CaCO3 (mg/L)
Chlorine (as Cl2)
Total ammonia as NH3 -N µg/L
Free residual (µg/L)
Combined residual (µg/L)
-1
7.81
2.74
29.8
53.7
<2
<2
1
- Validity criteria fulfilled:
- yes
- Conclusions:
- Under the conditions of the test, there were no mortalities observed during the test, the only symptom of toxicity observed was sounding. The 96 h LC50 of the test material could not be derived as no mortalities were observed during the test therefore the NOEC of the test material to Oncorhynchus mykiss was determined to be 100 mg/L. The study is considered to be reliable, relevant and adequate for risk assessment and classification and labelling purposes.
- Executive summary:
The acute toxicity of the test material to fish was investigated in Oncorhynchus mykiss (rainbow trout) in accordance with the standardised guidelines OECD 203, EU Method C.1 and EPA OPPTS 850:1075. The fish were exposed to the test material in a limit test (100 mg/L) under static conditions. The mean measured concentration of the test substance was 110 % of the nominal exposure concentration; the results and conclusions were therefore based on the nominal concentrations. No mortalities were observed during the course of the study with the only symptoms of toxicity that were observed being sounding. The NOEC of the test material under the conditions of the test was therefore determined to be 100 mg/L.
Reference
Description of key information
LC50 (96 h): >100 mg/L, Oncorhynchus mykiss, OECD 203, Maynard 2003
LC50 (96 h): >107 mg/L, Gobiocypris rarus, OECD 203, Guixiang 2016
Key value for chemical safety assessment
Additional information
The acute toxicity of the test material to fish was investigated in rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) in accordance with the standardised guidelines OECD 203, EU Method C.1 and EPA OPPTS 850:1075. The fish were exposed to the test material in a limit test (100 mg/L) under static conditions. The mean measured concentration of the test material was 110% of the nominal exposure concentration; the results and conclusions were therefore based on the nominal concentrations. No mortalities were observed during the course of the study with the only symptoms of toxicity that were observed being sounding. The NOEC of the test material under the conditions of the test was therefore determined to be 100 mg/L and the LC50 >100 mg/L.
The low acute toxicity to fish was confirmed in a second GLP study on rare minnow (Gobiocypris rarus) according to OECD TG 203, which found a 96-hour LC50 value >107 mg/L. This study was conducted as a limit test at a nominal test concentration of 100 mg/L, because no mortality had been seen in a preliminary study at 1, 10 or 100 mg/L. The mean concentration determined by UPLC over the test period of 96 hours was 107 mg/L.
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