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EC number: 235-521-4 | CAS number: 12262-32-7 This substance is identified in the Colour Index by Colour Index Constitution Number, C.I. 53571.
- Life Cycle description
- Uses advised against
- Endpoint summary
- Appearance / physical state / colour
- Melting point / freezing point
- Boiling point
- Density
- Particle size distribution (Granulometry)
- Vapour pressure
- Partition coefficient
- Water solubility
- Solubility in organic solvents / fat solubility
- Surface tension
- Flash point
- Auto flammability
- Flammability
- Explosiveness
- Oxidising properties
- Oxidation reduction potential
- Stability in organic solvents and identity of relevant degradation products
- Storage stability and reactivity towards container material
- Stability: thermal, sunlight, metals
- pH
- Dissociation constant
- Viscosity
- Additional physico-chemical information
- Additional physico-chemical properties of nanomaterials
- Nanomaterial agglomeration / aggregation
- Nanomaterial crystalline phase
- Nanomaterial crystallite and grain size
- Nanomaterial aspect ratio / shape
- Nanomaterial specific surface area
- Nanomaterial Zeta potential
- Nanomaterial surface chemistry
- Nanomaterial dustiness
- Nanomaterial porosity
- Nanomaterial pour density
- Nanomaterial photocatalytic activity
- Nanomaterial radical formation potential
- Nanomaterial catalytic activity
- Endpoint summary
- Stability
- Biodegradation
- Bioaccumulation
- Transport and distribution
- Environmental data
- Additional information on environmental fate and behaviour
- Ecotoxicological Summary
- Aquatic toxicity
- Endpoint summary
- Short-term toxicity to fish
- Long-term toxicity to fish
- Short-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Long-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Toxicity to aquatic algae and cyanobacteria
- Toxicity to aquatic plants other than algae
- Toxicity to microorganisms
- Endocrine disrupter testing in aquatic vertebrates – in vivo
- Toxicity to other aquatic organisms
- Sediment toxicity
- Terrestrial toxicity
- Biological effects monitoring
- Biotransformation and kinetics
- Additional ecotoxological information
- Toxicological Summary
- Toxicokinetics, metabolism and distribution
- Acute Toxicity
- Irritation / corrosion
- Sensitisation
- Repeated dose toxicity
- Genetic toxicity
- Carcinogenicity
- Toxicity to reproduction
- Specific investigations
- Exposure related observations in humans
- Toxic effects on livestock and pets
- Additional toxicological data
Short-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
Administrative data
Link to relevant study record(s)
- Endpoint:
- short-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Type of information:
- experimental study
- Adequacy of study:
- key study
- Study period:
- August - February 2018
- Reliability:
- 1 (reliable without restriction)
- Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:
- guideline study
- Qualifier:
- according to guideline
- Guideline:
- OECD Guideline 202 (Daphnia sp. Acute Immobilisation Test)
- Qualifier:
- according to guideline
- Guideline:
- EPA OPPTS 850.1010 (Aquatic Invertebrate Acute Toxicity Test, Freshwater Daphnids)
- Qualifier:
- according to guideline
- Guideline:
- EU Method C.2 (Acute Toxicity for Daphnia)
- GLP compliance:
- yes (incl. QA statement)
- Analytical monitoring:
- yes
- Details on sampling:
- For determination of the test item concentration, five replicate samples were taken from the test item treatment group at the start (prior to distributing of the test item solution to the test vessels) and four replicates at the end of the test. Four control samples were analysed on both analytical occasions. The samples taken were sent to individual analysis.
- Vehicle:
- yes
- Remarks:
- ISO medium
- Details on test solutions:
- As the test item is poorly soluble in deionized water as well in the test medium, for preparation of test solution the water-accommodated fraction (WAF) approach was taken, as described in OECD Guidance Document No. 23. A supersaturated solution (100 mg/L nominal loading) was prepared by adding an amount of 0.0404 g test item in the first renewal period and 0.0416 g test item in the second renewal period in 400 mL test medium (ISO Medium) one day before the start of each renewal period. The test solution was handled by ultrasonic bath for 10 minutes, thereafter stirred for a period of 24 hours to achieve an equilibrated concentration. The test solution was then filtrated through a membrane filter (0.45 µm; Thermo Nalgene® membrane1 used on 29th August 2017 and membrane2 used on 30th August 2017) to separate the possible non-dissolved test material. The test solution was freshly prepared in the testing laboratory just before introduction of the test animals (start of the experiment).
- Test organisms (species):
- Daphnia magna
- Details on test organisms:
- TEST ORGANISM
- Common name: Water flea
- Strain: Straus
- Source: Laboratory of Hydrobiology (Central Agricultural Office, Directorate of Plant-, and Soil Protection) 2100 Gödöllő, Kotlán S. u. 3. Hungary
- Age of animals: Less than 24 h old at the beginning of the test
- Feeding during test: no
ACCLIMATION
- Acclimation period: no, breeding same as test conditions - Test type:
- semi-static
- Water media type:
- freshwater
- Limit test:
- yes
- Total exposure duration:
- 48 h
- Test temperature:
- 20.3 – 21.0 °C
- pH:
- 7.90 - 8.16
- Dissolved oxygen:
- 7.37 – 7.94 mg/L
- Nominal and measured concentrations:
- Nominal concentration: 100 mg/L in WAF
Geometric mean measured concentration: 1.91 mg/L - Details on test conditions:
- TEST SYSTEM
- Test vessel: glass beaker
- Size, fill volume: 50 mL, 40 mL
- Aeration: no
- Semi-static conditions: renewal on day 1
- No. of organisms per vessel: 5
- No. of vessels per concentration (replicates): 4
- No. of vessels per control (replicates): 4
- Biomass loading rate: at least 4 mL test solution/animal
TEST MEDIUM / WATER PARAMETERS
- Preparation of dilution water: ISO medium, according to OECD 202)
OTHER TEST CONDITIONS
- Adjustment of pH: no
- Photoperiod: The test item is unstable in light therefore the experiment was carried out in complete darkness, as described by OECD 202
EFFECT PARAMETERS MEASURED:
Immobility: after 24 and 48h
RANGE-FINDING STUDY
- Test concentrations: 100 mg/L nominal (WAF)
- Results used to determine the conditions for the definitive study: yes - Reference substance (positive control):
- yes
- Remarks:
- Potassium dichromate (K2Cr2O7)
- Key result
- Duration:
- 48 h
- Dose descriptor:
- EC50
- Effect conc.:
- > 1.91 mg/L
- Nominal / measured:
- meas. (geom. mean)
- Conc. based on:
- test mat.
- Basis for effect:
- mobility
- Key result
- Duration:
- 48 h
- Dose descriptor:
- NOEC
- Effect conc.:
- 1.91 mg/L
- Nominal / measured:
- meas. (geom. mean)
- Conc. based on:
- test mat.
- Basis for effect:
- mobility
- Details on results:
- - Behavioural abnormalities: no
- Observations on body length and weight: no
- Other biological observations: no
- Mortality of control: no
- Other adverse effects control: no
- Abnormal responses: no
- Any observations that might cause a difference between measured and nominal values: no - Results with reference substance (positive control):
- The 24h EC50 value was determined to be 1.41 mg/L (95% conf. limits: 1.19 – 1.68 mg/L), which falls within the range of 0.6 mg/L and 2.1 mg/L as given in the guideline [5].
- Validity criteria fulfilled:
- yes
- Conclusions:
- The test item had no toxic effect at aquatic saturation (i.e. limit test concentration) on Daphnia magna; the EC10, EC20, EC50 results and the LOEC are higher than the solubility level of the test item in the test medium, which corresponds to 1.91 mg/L.
- Executive summary:
Acute toxicity of the test item was assessed on Daphnia magna in a 48-hour Acute Immobilisation Test. Young Daphnia were exposed to aqueous test media containing the test item for 48 hours in a static test. A limit test was performed in which, the test animals were exposed to aqueous test media containing the test item for 48 hours at the limit of its solubility in the test medium (i.e. saturation) plus a control in order to demonstrate that the test item has no influence on the mobility of Daphnia up to at least the saturation concentration (equivalent to 100 mg/L nominal concentration, prepared as water-accommodated fraction (WAF)). The quantification of the test item was performed by a previously validated analytical method by the analytical laboratory of TOXI-COOP ZRT. Samples were taken from the test concentration and the control at the start, before and after the renewal and at the end of the experiment and analysed by UV/VIS spectrophotometric method. The mean determined exposure concentration of the test item remained between 63 and 79% throughout the test in comparison to that of the measured test item concentration at the start of the test, and was 1.91 mg/L which was calculated as the geometric mean of the measured start and end concentrations. Healthy, young daphnids < 24 hours of age and with known origin, history and acclimatisation conditions were used. Twenty Daphnia (divided into 4 concurrent batches) were tested each, exposed to the saturated test concentration and in the control. Each test vessel contained approximately 40 mL test medium. Fully characterized (content, physico-chemical characteristics) ISO Medium was used as test medium. The immobilisation of the test animals was recorded 24 and 48 hours after test start. Environmental conditions were recorded. All measured values remained within the acceptable ranges. There was no immobilisation in twenty daphnids exposed to either test item treated or control group. In addition to immobility, no abnormal behaviour or appearance of test animals was detected. All validity criteria were met and therefore the study can be considered as valid.
Reference
Description of key information
The test item had no toxic effect at aquatic saturation (i.e. limit test concentration) on Daphnia magna; the EC10, EC20, EC50 results and the LOEC are higher than the solubility level of the test item in the test medium, which corresponds to 1.91 mg/L.
Key value for chemical safety assessment
Additional information
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