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EC number: 206-126-4 | CAS number: 302-72-7
- Life Cycle description
- Uses advised against
- Endpoint summary
- Appearance / physical state / colour
- Melting point / freezing point
- Boiling point
- Density
- Particle size distribution (Granulometry)
- Vapour pressure
- Partition coefficient
- Water solubility
- Solubility in organic solvents / fat solubility
- Surface tension
- Flash point
- Auto flammability
- Flammability
- Explosiveness
- Oxidising properties
- Oxidation reduction potential
- Stability in organic solvents and identity of relevant degradation products
- Storage stability and reactivity towards container material
- Stability: thermal, sunlight, metals
- pH
- Dissociation constant
- Viscosity
- Additional physico-chemical information
- Additional physico-chemical properties of nanomaterials
- Nanomaterial agglomeration / aggregation
- Nanomaterial crystalline phase
- Nanomaterial crystallite and grain size
- Nanomaterial aspect ratio / shape
- Nanomaterial specific surface area
- Nanomaterial Zeta potential
- Nanomaterial surface chemistry
- Nanomaterial dustiness
- Nanomaterial porosity
- Nanomaterial pour density
- Nanomaterial photocatalytic activity
- Nanomaterial radical formation potential
- Nanomaterial catalytic activity
- Endpoint summary
- Stability
- Biodegradation
- Bioaccumulation
- Transport and distribution
- Environmental data
- Additional information on environmental fate and behaviour
- Ecotoxicological Summary
- Aquatic toxicity
- Endpoint summary
- Short-term toxicity to fish
- Long-term toxicity to fish
- Short-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Long-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Toxicity to aquatic algae and cyanobacteria
- Toxicity to aquatic plants other than algae
- Toxicity to microorganisms
- Endocrine disrupter testing in aquatic vertebrates – in vivo
- Toxicity to other aquatic organisms
- Sediment toxicity
- Terrestrial toxicity
- Biological effects monitoring
- Biotransformation and kinetics
- Additional ecotoxological information
- Toxicological Summary
- Toxicokinetics, metabolism and distribution
- Acute Toxicity
- Irritation / corrosion
- Sensitisation
- Repeated dose toxicity
- Genetic toxicity
- Carcinogenicity
- Toxicity to reproduction
- Specific investigations
- Exposure related observations in humans
- Toxic effects on livestock and pets
- Additional toxicological data
Short-term toxicity to fish
Administrative data
Link to relevant study record(s)
- Endpoint:
- short-term toxicity to fish
- Type of information:
- read-across from supporting substance (structural analogue or surrogate)
- Adequacy of study:
- weight of evidence
- Study period:
- 1988-02-01 to 1988-02-05
- Reliability:
- 2 (reliable with restrictions)
- Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:
- other: GLP guideline study, used for read-across
- Justification for type of information:
- REPORTING FORMAT FOR THE ANALOGUE APPROACH
See Chapter 13 for Read Across document - Reason / purpose for cross-reference:
- read-across source
- Qualifier:
- according to guideline
- Guideline:
- OECD Guideline 203 (Fish, Acute Toxicity Test)
- Version / remarks:
- (1984)
- Deviations:
- no
- GLP compliance:
- yes
- Analytical monitoring:
- no
- Vehicle:
- no
- Details on test solutions:
- PREPARATION AND APPLICATION OF TEST SOLUTION (especially for difficult test substances)
- Method: The test substance was weighed out and each portion was dissolved in 1 L of dilution water.
- Eluate: The diluation water used was DSWL, prepared from groundwater.
- Controls: DSWL (negative control) - Test organisms (species):
- Danio rerio (previous name: Brachydanio rerio)
- Details on test organisms:
- TEST ORGANISM
- Common name: zebrafish
- Source: M.B. Ruysbroek b.v., Noordvliet 159, NL-Maassluis
- Length at study initiation (length definition, mean, range and SD): 2.1 ± 0.2 cm
- Weight at study initiation (mean and range, SD): 0.07 ± 0.02 g
- Feeding during test: no - Test type:
- semi-static
- Water media type:
- freshwater
- Limit test:
- no
- Total exposure duration:
- 96 h
- Hardness:
- Hardness, expressed as CaCO3: 210 mg/L
- Test temperature:
- 25 ± 1 °C
- pH:
- Control medium: Beginning of test: 8.1 to 8.2. End of test: 7.8 to 8.0
320 mg/L test substance: Beginning of test: 7.6 to 7.9. End of test: 7.9 to 8.0
560 mg/L test substance: Beginning of test: 7.5 to 7.8. End of test: 7.9 to 8.1
1000 mg/L test substance: Beginning of test: 7.4 to 7.7. End of test: 7.8 to 7.9
1800 mg/L test substance: Beginning of test: 7.3 to 7.5. End of test: 7.7 to 7.8
3200 mg/L test substance: Beginning of test: 7.2 to 7.4. End of test: 7.6 to 7.7 - Dissolved oxygen:
- Control medium: Beginning of test: 8.1 to 8.4 mg/L. End of test: 7.3 to 7.8 mg/L
320 mg/L test substance: Beginning of test: 8.3 to 8.5 mg/L. End of test: 7.2 to 7.7 mg/L
560 mg/L test substance: Beginning of test: 8.1 to 8.5 mg/L. End of test: 7.5 to 7.9 mg/L
1000 mg/L test substance: Beginning of test: 8.0 to 8.5 mg/L. End of test: 7.4 to 7.8 mg/L
1800 mg/L test substance: Beginning of test: 8.1 to 8.5 mg/L. End of test: 7.2 to 7.8 mg/L
3200 mg/L test substance: Beginning of test: 8.1 to 8.5 mg/L. End of test: 7.2 to 7.7 mg/L - Salinity:
- Not applicable
- Nominal and measured concentrations:
- Nominal concentrations of test substance: 320, 560, 1000, 1800, 3200 mg/L
- Details on test conditions:
- TEST SYSTEM
- Test vessel: all-glass beakers
- Type (delete if not applicable): open
- Material, size, headspace, fill volume: glass, 2000 ml
- Aeration: slightly aerated
- Renewal rate of test solution (frequency/flow rate): daily
- No. of organisms per vessel: 5
- No. of vessels per concentration (replicates): 2
- No. of vessels per control (replicates): 2
TEST MEDIUM / WATER PARAMETERS
- Source/preparation of dilution water: Groundwater from NL-Linschoten. medium prepared by adding several salts.
- Metals: << 1 mg/l
- Chlorine: 2.72 mml/l
- Na+: 1.19 mmol/l
- K+: 0.20 mmol/l
- Ca2+: 1.36 mmol/l
- Mg2+. 0.73 mmol/l
- SO42-: 0.73 mmol/l
- HCO3-: 1.39 mmol/l
- Ca/Mg ratio: 1.86
- Culture medium different from test medium: yes
- Intervals of water quality measurement: Once prior to beginning for the above paramters
OTHER TEST CONDITIONS
- Adjustment of pH: no
EFFECT PARAMETERS MEASURED (with observation intervals if applicable) : LC50 after 24 h, 48 h, 72 h and 96 h; LC 100, NOEC (mortality), NOEC (swimming behaviour) after 96 h.
TEST CONCENTRATIONS
- Test concentrations: 320, 560, 1000, 1800, 3200 mg/l - Reference substance (positive control):
- no
- Duration:
- 24 h
- Dose descriptor:
- LC50
- Effect conc.:
- > 3 200 mg/L
- Nominal / measured:
- nominal
- Conc. based on:
- test mat.
- Basis for effect:
- mortality (fish)
- Duration:
- 48 h
- Dose descriptor:
- LC50
- Effect conc.:
- > 3 200 mg/L
- Nominal / measured:
- nominal
- Conc. based on:
- test mat.
- Basis for effect:
- mortality (fish)
- Duration:
- 72 h
- Dose descriptor:
- LC50
- Effect conc.:
- > 3 200 mg/L
- Nominal / measured:
- nominal
- Conc. based on:
- test mat.
- Basis for effect:
- mortality (fish)
- Duration:
- 96 h
- Dose descriptor:
- LC50
- Effect conc.:
- > 3 200 mg/L
- Nominal / measured:
- nominal
- Conc. based on:
- test mat.
- Basis for effect:
- mortality (fish)
- Duration:
- 96 h
- Dose descriptor:
- LC100
- Effect conc.:
- > 3 200 mg/L
- Nominal / measured:
- nominal
- Conc. based on:
- test mat.
- Basis for effect:
- mortality (fish)
- Duration:
- 96 h
- Dose descriptor:
- NOEC
- Effect conc.:
- >= 3 200 mg/L
- Nominal / measured:
- nominal
- Conc. based on:
- test mat.
- Basis for effect:
- mortality (fish)
- Remarks:
- (= 96h LC0)
- Duration:
- 96 h
- Dose descriptor:
- NOEC
- Effect conc.:
- >= 3 200 mg/L
- Nominal / measured:
- nominal
- Conc. based on:
- test mat.
- Basis for effect:
- behaviour
- Remarks:
- (swimming behaviour)
- Details on results:
- - Behavioural abnormalities: none
- Observations on body length and weight: none
- Other biological observations: none
- Mortality of control: no
- Other adverse effects control: no
- Abnormal responses: no
- Any observations (e.g. precipitation) that might cause a difference between measured and nominal values: no
- Effect concentrations exceeding solubility of substance in test medium: no - Validity criteria fulfilled:
- yes
- Conclusions:
- DL-Methionine did not show acute toxicity effects to fish in a test according to OECD 203. LC 100 > 3200 mg/L, NOEC (mortality; swimming behaviour) >= 3200 mg/L.
- Endpoint:
- short-term toxicity to fish
- Type of information:
- read-across from supporting substance (structural analogue or surrogate)
- Adequacy of study:
- weight of evidence
- Study period:
- 1990-10-15 to 1991-04-15
- Reliability:
- 2 (reliable with restrictions)
- Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:
- other: GLP guideline study, used for read-across
- Reason / purpose for cross-reference:
- read-across source
- Qualifier:
- according to guideline
- Guideline:
- OECD Guideline 203 (Fish, Acute Toxicity Test)
- Deviations:
- no
- GLP compliance:
- yes
- Analytical monitoring:
- no
- Vehicle:
- no
- Details on test solutions:
- PREPARATION AND APPLICATION OF TEST SOLUTION (especially for difficult test substances)
- Method: The test substance was weighed out and each portion was dissolved in 1 l of dilution water.
- Eluate: The diluation water used was DSWL, prepared from groundwater.
- Controls: DSWL (negative control)
- Evidence of undissolved material (e.g. precipitate, surface film, etc): visually - Test organisms (species):
- Danio rerio (previous name: Brachydanio rerio)
- Details on test organisms:
- TEST ORGANISM
- Common name: zebrafish
- Source: m.B. Ruysbroek b.V., Noordvliet 159, NL-Maassluis
- Length at study initiation (length definition, mean, range and SD): 2.3 +/- 0.1 cm (SD)
- Weight at study initiation (mean and range, SD): 0.1 +/- 0.02 g (SD)
- Feeding during test: no - Test type:
- semi-static
- Water media type:
- freshwater
- Limit test:
- yes
- Total exposure duration:
- 96 h
- Hardness:
- Hardness, expressed as CaCo3: 217 mg/l
- Test temperature:
- 24.2 to 25.1 °C
- pH:
- Control medium: Beginning of test: 7.9. End of test. 7.6 to 7.8
1 g/l test substance: Beginning of test: 7.4 to 7.5. End of test: 7.5 to 7.8 - Dissolved oxygen:
- Control medium: Beginning of test: 8.0 to 8.6 mg/l. End of test. 7.6 to 8.3 mg/l.
1 g/l test substance: Beginning of test: 8.6 to 8.8 mg/l. End of test: 7.3 to 8.3 mg/l. - Salinity:
- Not applicable
- Nominal and measured concentrations:
- Nominal test concentration: 1 g/l.
- Details on test conditions:
- TEST SYSTEM
- Test vessel: all-glass beakers
- Type: open
- Material, size, headspace, fill volume: glass, 2000 ml
- Aeration: yes
- Renewal rate of test solution (frequency/flow rate): daily
- No. of organisms per vessel: 10
- No. of vessels per concentration (replicates): 4
- No. of vessels per control (replicates): 4
TEST MEDIUM / WATER PARAMETERS
- Source/preparation of dilution water: Groundwater from NL-Linschoten. medium prepared by adding several salts.
- Metals: << 1 mg/l
- Chlorine: 2.79 mml/l
- Na+: 1.33 mmol/l
- K+: 0.24 mmol/l
- Ca 2+: 1.43 mmol/l
- Mg2+. 0.74 mmol/l
- SO42-: 0.74 mmol/l
- Ca/Mg ratio: 1.93
- Culture medium different from test medium: yes
- Intervals of water quality measurement: Once prior to beginning for the above paramters
OTHER TEST CONDITIONS
- Adjustment of pH: no
- Photoperiod: 16 h light - 8 h dark with transition periods of 30 minutes
EFFECT PARAMETERS MEASURED (with observation intervals if applicable) : LC50, NOEC after 96 h.
Condition: Swimming behaviour, colour, respiratory function, any other morphological or visual behavioural criterion after 24 h, 48 h, 72 h and 96 h.
TEST CONCENTRATIONS
- Test concentrations: 1.0 g/l - Reference substance (positive control):
- no
- Duration:
- 96 h
- Dose descriptor:
- LC50
- Effect conc.:
- > 1 g/L
- Nominal / measured:
- nominal
- Conc. based on:
- test mat.
- Basis for effect:
- mortality (fish)
- Remarks on result:
- other: Exact LC50 could not be calculated because there was no mortality at the only concentration tested.
- Duration:
- 96 h
- Dose descriptor:
- NOEC
- Effect conc.:
- > 1 g/L
- Nominal / measured:
- nominal
- Conc. based on:
- test mat.
- Basis for effect:
- mortality (fish)
- Remarks on result:
- other: Exact NOEC could not be calculated because there were no adverse effects at the only concentration tested.
- Duration:
- 96 h
- Dose descriptor:
- NOEC
- Effect conc.:
- > 1 g/L
- Nominal / measured:
- nominal
- Conc. based on:
- test mat.
- Basis for effect:
- behaviour
- Remarks on result:
- other: Exact NOEC could not be calculated because there were no adverse effects at the only concentration tested.
- Details on results:
- - Behavioural abnormalities: none
- Observations on body length and weight: none
- Other biological observations: none
- Mortality of control: no
- Other adverse effects control: no
- Abnormal responses: no
- Any observations (e.g. precipitation) that might cause a difference between measured and nominal values: no
- Effect concentrations exceeding solubility of substance in test medium: no - Validity criteria fulfilled:
- yes
- Conclusions:
- L-valine did not show any adverse effects including mortality in a test according to OECD 203 at a concentration of 1 g/L.
Referenceopen allclose all
Description of key information
The predicted LC50 for short-term fish toxicity (96h) of DL-alanine is 26300 mg/L. The value was estimated by QSAR prediction based on trend analysis.
For Risk assessment and classification a short term toxicity to fish (96h) for DL-Alanine of >100 mg/L will be used as a realistic worst-case.
Key value for chemical safety assessment
Fresh water fish
Fresh water fish
- Effect concentration:
- 100 mg/L
Marine water fish
Marine water fish
- Effect concentration:
- 100 mg/L
Additional information
No experimental data for DL-alanine with regard to fish toxicity is available.
No toxicity at the limit concentration was observed in acute toxicity studies with daphnia (according to OECD202) and algae (according to OECD201) indicating that the substance has a very low / no hazard potential for aquatic organisms. Further, as the substance (in protein) is a basic component of fish food it is very unlikely that fish in an OECD203 study exposed to limit concentrations (100 mg/L) of L-alanine show any adverse effect. Therefore and for animal welfare reasons is seems sufficient to use an in silico approach to predict the LC50 for short-term fish toxicity (96h). An estimation by QSAR based on trend analysis results in a LC50 (96h) of L-alanine of 26300 mg/L.
Toxicity to fish (LC50) as predicted from Ecosar v0.99g is 383000 mg/L (Ecological Categorization Results from the Canadian Domestic Substance List, 2006).
The very low toxicity of proteinogenic amino acids to fish is further supported by two OECD203 studies with L-valine and D/L-methionine. Read-across was applied because of similar physico-chemical characteristics, a similar toxicological/ecotoxicological profile and the structural similarity of these amino acids to L-alanine. Brachydanio rerio exposed to 1000 mg/L L-valine in a limit study showed no signs of toxicity. The same was true if this species was exposed to D/L-methionine. Here Brachydanio rerio showed no signs of toxicity even at the highest concentration tested (3200 mg/l).
Another supporting study indicates that L-alanine does not cause any impact on the behaviour of fish.
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