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EC number: 248-329-0 | CAS number: 27214-38-6
- Life Cycle description
- Uses advised against
- Endpoint summary
- Appearance / physical state / colour
- Melting point / freezing point
- Boiling point
- Density
- Particle size distribution (Granulometry)
- Vapour pressure
- Partition coefficient
- Water solubility
- Solubility in organic solvents / fat solubility
- Surface tension
- Flash point
- Auto flammability
- Flammability
- Explosiveness
- Oxidising properties
- Oxidation reduction potential
- Stability in organic solvents and identity of relevant degradation products
- Storage stability and reactivity towards container material
- Stability: thermal, sunlight, metals
- pH
- Dissociation constant
- Viscosity
- Additional physico-chemical information
- Additional physico-chemical properties of nanomaterials
- Nanomaterial agglomeration / aggregation
- Nanomaterial crystalline phase
- Nanomaterial crystallite and grain size
- Nanomaterial aspect ratio / shape
- Nanomaterial specific surface area
- Nanomaterial Zeta potential
- Nanomaterial surface chemistry
- Nanomaterial dustiness
- Nanomaterial porosity
- Nanomaterial pour density
- Nanomaterial photocatalytic activity
- Nanomaterial radical formation potential
- Nanomaterial catalytic activity
- Endpoint summary
- Stability
- Biodegradation
- Bioaccumulation
- Transport and distribution
- Environmental data
- Additional information on environmental fate and behaviour
- Ecotoxicological Summary
- Aquatic toxicity
- Endpoint summary
- Short-term toxicity to fish
- Long-term toxicity to fish
- Short-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Long-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Toxicity to aquatic algae and cyanobacteria
- Toxicity to aquatic plants other than algae
- Toxicity to microorganisms
- Endocrine disrupter testing in aquatic vertebrates – in vivo
- Toxicity to other aquatic organisms
- Sediment toxicity
- Terrestrial toxicity
- Biological effects monitoring
- Biotransformation and kinetics
- Additional ecotoxological information
- Toxicological Summary
- Toxicokinetics, metabolism and distribution
- Acute Toxicity
- Irritation / corrosion
- Sensitisation
- Repeated dose toxicity
- Genetic toxicity
- Carcinogenicity
- Toxicity to reproduction
- Specific investigations
- Exposure related observations in humans
- Toxic effects on livestock and pets
- Additional toxicological data
Toxicity to aquatic algae and cyanobacteria
Administrative data
Link to relevant study record(s)
- Endpoint:
- toxicity to aquatic algae and cyanobacteria
- Type of information:
- experimental study
- Adequacy of study:
- key study
- Study period:
- 25 April - 19 May 2017
- Reliability:
- 2 (reliable with restrictions)
- Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:
- guideline study with acceptable restrictions
- Remarks:
- Use of THF as test material carrier
- Qualifier:
- according to guideline
- Guideline:
- OECD Guideline 201 (Alga, Growth Inhibition Test)
- Version / remarks:
- Adopted 23 March 2006
- Deviations:
- no
- GLP compliance:
- yes (incl. QA statement)
- Remarks:
- The Department of Health of the Government of the United Kingdom, London, UK
- Analytical monitoring:
- yes
- Details on sampling:
- - Concentrations: culture medium control, solvent control, 0.056, 0.1, 0.18, 0.32, 0.56 and 1.0 mg/L
- Sampling method: Samples were taken at 0 (test start), 24, 48 and 72 (test end) hours. - Vehicle:
- yes
- Remarks:
- THF
- Details on test solutions:
- PREPARATION AND APPLICATION OF TEST SOLUTION
- Method: A primary stock concentrate of the test item, with a nominal concentration of 10 g/L, was prepared by adding a nominal 0.1 g of test substance to 10 mL of tetrahydrofuran (THF). The stock solution was used to prepare the test solutions by the direct addition of the appropriate amount of concentrate to dilution water via a microliter syringe into a stirring solution in a volumetric flask. The solvent control was prepared in the same way using solvent only. The control consisted of culture medium only.
- Controls: culture medium control, solvent control
- Chemical name of vehicle: Tetrahydrofuran (THF)
- Concentration of vehicle in test medium: 100 μl/L in all exposure solutions (except blank control) - Test organisms (species):
- Raphidocelis subcapitata (previous names: Pseudokirchneriella subcapitata, Selenastrum capricornutum)
- Details on test organisms:
- TEST ORGANISM
- Common name: Freshwater algae
- Source: laboratory cultures
- Age of inoculum (at test initiation): 3 days
- Method of cultivation: grown in medium under test condition - Test type:
- static
- Water media type:
- freshwater
- Limit test:
- no
- Total exposure duration:
- 72 h
- Test temperature:
- 22 ± 2°C
- pH:
- range at test start: 6.99 - 7.33
range at test end: 8.18 - 8.42 - Nominal and measured concentrations:
- nominal: (control and solvent control), 0.056, 0.1, 0.18, 0.32, 0.56 and 1.0 mg/L
mean measured (0-72h): (control and solvent control), 0, 0, 0.067, 0.080, 0.14, 0.28 mg/L.
Where values were less than LOQ, 0 was used to calculate the mean. - Details on test conditions:
- TEST SYSTEM
- Test vessel: glass conical flasks of 250 mL nominal capacity closed with foam bungs
- Type: closed
- Material, size, headspace, fill volume: each flask contained 100 mL of test solution
- Initial cells density: 0.5 × 10^4 cells/mL (nominal)
- Control end cells density: 53.65 (mean at 72 h)
- No. of vessels per concentration (replicates): 3
- No. of vessels per control (replicates): 6
- No. of vessels per vehicle control (replicates): 6
GROWTH MEDIUM
- Standard medium used: yes, AAP medium
OTHER TEST CONDITIONS
- Sterile test conditions: no
- Light intensity and quality: 5865 lux (± 15%)
EFFECT PARAMETERS MEASURED (with observation intervals if applicable) :
- Determination of cell concentrations: electronic particle counter
TEST CONCENTRATIONS
- Spacing factor for test concentrations: 1.75 - 1.80
- Range finding study: yes, no results reported
- Results used to determine the conditions for the definitive study: yes - Reference substance (positive control):
- no
- Duration:
- 72 h
- Dose descriptor:
- EC10
- Effect conc.:
- > 0.28 mg/L
- Nominal / measured:
- meas. (arithm. mean)
- Conc. based on:
- test mat.
- Basis for effect:
- growth rate
- Duration:
- 72 h
- Dose descriptor:
- EC50
- Effect conc.:
- > 0.28 mg/L
- Nominal / measured:
- meas. (arithm. mean)
- Conc. based on:
- test mat.
- Basis for effect:
- growth rate
- Duration:
- 72 h
- Dose descriptor:
- NOEC
- Effect conc.:
- 0.14 mg/L
- Nominal / measured:
- meas. (arithm. mean)
- Conc. based on:
- test mat.
- Basis for effect:
- growth rate
- Details on results:
- - Exponential growth in the control (for algal test): yes
- Reported statistics and error estimates:
- The growth rates were examined by one-way analysis of variance and a two-sample t test to identify significant differences (p<0.05) between the control and solvent control. There was no significant effect (p=0.1208) between the control and solvent control. Therefore, the solvent control was compared to the treatments by one-way analysis of variance and Bonferroni adjusted t test to identify significant differences (p<0.05).
- Validity criteria fulfilled:
- yes
- Remarks:
- see Table 5 at "Any other information on results incl. tables"
Reference
Table 1: Analytical Results
Nominal concentration of test item (mg/L) |
Measured concentration of test item |
Mean measured concentration (mg/L) |
Mean measured concentration (%) |
|||
|
0 hour |
72 hour |
|
|
||
|
(mg/L) |
% of nominal |
(mg/L) |
% of nominal |
|
|
Control |
<LOQ |
- |
<LOQ |
- |
- |
- |
Solvent Control |
<LOQ |
- |
<LOQ |
- |
- |
- |
0.056 |
<LOQ |
0 |
<LOQ |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0.1 |
<LOQ |
0 |
<LOQ |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0.18 |
0.13 |
75 |
<LOQ |
0 |
0.067 |
37 |
0.32 |
0.16 |
50 |
<LOQ |
0 |
0.080 |
25 |
0.56 |
0.29a |
51 |
<LOQb |
0 |
0.14 |
26 |
1.0 |
0.56 |
56 |
<LOQ |
0 |
0.28 |
28 |
All measurements are quoted to 2 significant figures
a) Mean of triplicate analyses: 0.30, 0.29, 0.27 mg/L
b) Mean of triplicate analyses: 0, 0, 0 mg/L
The limit of quantification (LOQ) in the study was 0.1 mg/L. Where values were less than LOQ, 0 was used to calculate the mean.
Table 2: Algal cell particle density
Nominal concentration of test item (mg/L) |
Mean measured concentration of test item (mg/L) |
Replicate |
Algal cell particle density (104cells/mL) |
||
24 hours
|
48 hours
|
72 hours
|
|||
Culture medium control
|
- |
A |
2.32 |
10.80 |
50.90 |
B |
2.64 |
11.30 |
50.60 |
||
C |
2.49 |
11.10 |
57.00 |
||
D |
2.36 |
10.50 |
47.00 |
||
E |
2.58 |
10.60 |
51.30 |
||
F |
2.65 |
12.70 |
65.10 |
||
Mean |
2.51 |
11.17 |
53.65 |
||
Solvent control
|
- |
A |
2.11 |
11.00 |
48.70 |
B |
2.09 |
10.50 |
50.20 |
||
C |
2.23 |
10.70 |
56.00 |
||
D |
2.05 |
9.11 |
43.60 |
||
E |
2.14 |
10.20 |
50.50 |
||
F |
1.91 |
11.20 |
49.70 |
||
Mean |
2.09 |
10.45 |
49.78 |
||
0.056 |
0 |
A |
1.93 |
10.50 |
39.80 |
B |
2.22 |
10.20 |
45.60 |
||
C |
2.18 |
10.40 |
45.60 |
||
Mean |
2.11 |
10.37 |
43.67 |
||
0.1 |
0 |
A |
2.13 |
10.30 |
51.00 |
B |
2.14 |
10.10 |
43.70 |
||
C |
2.36 |
10.40 |
47.40 |
||
Mean |
2.21 |
10.27 |
47.37 |
||
0.18 |
0.067 |
A |
2.01 |
9.94 |
47.90 |
B |
2.40 |
11.20 |
58.30 |
||
C |
2.16 |
9.97 |
46.90 |
||
Mean |
2.19 |
10.37 |
51.03 |
||
0.32 |
0.080 |
A |
2.21 |
10.70 |
44.70 |
B |
2.44 |
10.50 |
49.60 |
||
C |
2.17 |
11.00 |
47.80 |
||
Mean |
2.27 |
10.73 |
47.37 |
||
0.56 |
0.14 |
A |
1.99 |
10.40 |
50.10 |
B |
2.26 |
11.90 |
57.00 |
||
C |
2.75 |
11.70 |
57.60 |
||
Mean |
2.33 |
11.33 |
54.90 |
||
1.0 |
0.28 |
A |
1.93 |
9.20 |
42.10 |
B |
2.12 |
9.34 |
38.10 |
||
C |
2.04 |
9.24 |
41.80 |
||
Mean |
2.03 |
9.26 |
40.67 |
Inoculum (Day 0) cell density = 0.578 x 104 cells/mL
All values are quoted to 2 decimal places
Table 3: Mean growth rates over the test period
Nominal concentration of the test item (mg/L) |
Mean measured concentration of the test item (mg/L) |
Mean growth rate/day (0-72 hours) |
Mean growth rate/day 95% Cl |
Percentage of solvent control (%) |
Culture medium control |
- |
1.51 |
1.47-1.55 |
102 |
Solvent control |
- |
1.49 |
1.46-1.51 |
- |
0.18 |
0.067 |
1.49 |
1.39-1.59 |
101 |
0.32 |
0.080 |
1.47 |
1.43-1.51 |
99 |
0.56 |
0.14 |
1.52 |
1.45-1.58 |
102 |
1.0 |
0.28 |
1.42* |
1.37-1.46 |
95 |
* Significant difference (p <0.05) from the solvent control
All biological measurements are quoted to 3 significant figures and percentages to the nearest integer
Table 4: Mean yields over the test period
Nominal concentration of the test item (mg/L) |
Mean measured concentration of the test item (mg/L) |
Mean yield (0-72 hours) (104Cells/ml) |
Percentage of solvent control (%) |
Culture medium control |
- |
53 |
108 |
Solvent control |
- |
49 |
- |
0.18 |
0.067 |
50 |
103 |
0.32 |
0.080 |
47 |
95 |
0.56 |
0.14 |
54 |
110 |
1.0 |
0.28 |
44 |
90 |
No significant differences (p <0.05) from the control
All measurements are quoted to 2 significant figures and percentages to the nearest integer
NOEyC(72 h): >= 0.28 mg/L, EyC10(72 h): 0.26 mg/L EyC50(72 h) >0.28 mg/L
Table: 5 Validity criteria for OECD 201.
Criterion from the guideline |
Outcome |
Validity criterion fulfilled |
The biomass in the control cultures should have increased exponentially by a factor of at least 16 within the 72-hour test period. |
factor 93 (control)
|
yes |
The mean coefficient of variation for section-by-section specific growth rates (days 0-1, 1-2 and 2-3, for 72-hour tests) in the control cultures must not exceed 35% |
4.5% (control)
|
yes |
The coefficient of variation of average specific growth rates during the whole test period in replicate control cultures must not exceed 7% in tests with Pseudokirchneriella subcapitata and Desmodesmus subspicatus. For other less frequently tested species, the value should not exceed 10%. |
2.6% (control) |
yes |
Description of key information
Aquatic algae:
ErC50 (72 h) >0.28 mg/L (meas. arith. mean)
ErC10 (72 h) was >0.28 mg/L (meas. arith. mean).
Key value for chemical safety assessment
Additional information
The toxicity of the source substanceGlycerol monomyristate (CAS 27214-38-6) to aquatic algaewas tested according to OECD 203 under GLP conditions. The green algae Pseudokirchneriella subcapitata was exposed to nominal test substance concentrations of 0.056, 0.1, 0.18, 0.32, 0.56 and 1.0 mg/L. The test concentration was prepared using tetrahydrofuran (THF) as vehicle. The concentration of vehicle in test medium was 0.1 mL/L. The test substance concentration was analytically verified by HPLC with a detection limit of 0.1 mg/L. The mean measured test substance concentrations were 0, 0, 0.067, 0.080, 0.14, 0.28 mg/L. In case measured values were less than LOQ, 0 mg/L was used to calculate the mean.
Based on the algal growth rate an ErC50 (72 h) >0.28 mg/L (meas. arith. mean) was determined. The reported ErC10 (72 h) was >0.28 mg/L (meas. arith. mean).
The growth rate in the highest test concentration (0.28 mg/L, mean measured) was reduced by approx. 5% compared to the solvent control and thus a NOEC of 0.14 mg/L was reported. However, an effect below 10% is considered not relevant in algal growth tests. Thus according to the Guidance on the Application of the CLP Criteria (ECHA, 2017) preference is given to the EC10 for the assessment of the chronic aquatic toxicity of a substance.
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