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EC number: 812-907-6 | CAS number: 34989-82-7
- Life Cycle description
- Uses advised against
- Endpoint summary
- Appearance / physical state / colour
- Melting point / freezing point
- Boiling point
- Density
- Particle size distribution (Granulometry)
- Vapour pressure
- Partition coefficient
- Water solubility
- Solubility in organic solvents / fat solubility
- Surface tension
- Flash point
- Auto flammability
- Flammability
- Explosiveness
- Oxidising properties
- Oxidation reduction potential
- Stability in organic solvents and identity of relevant degradation products
- Storage stability and reactivity towards container material
- Stability: thermal, sunlight, metals
- pH
- Dissociation constant
- Viscosity
- Additional physico-chemical information
- Additional physico-chemical properties of nanomaterials
- Nanomaterial agglomeration / aggregation
- Nanomaterial crystalline phase
- Nanomaterial crystallite and grain size
- Nanomaterial aspect ratio / shape
- Nanomaterial specific surface area
- Nanomaterial Zeta potential
- Nanomaterial surface chemistry
- Nanomaterial dustiness
- Nanomaterial porosity
- Nanomaterial pour density
- Nanomaterial photocatalytic activity
- Nanomaterial radical formation potential
- Nanomaterial catalytic activity
- Endpoint summary
- Stability
- Biodegradation
- Bioaccumulation
- Transport and distribution
- Environmental data
- Additional information on environmental fate and behaviour
- Ecotoxicological Summary
- Aquatic toxicity
- Endpoint summary
- Short-term toxicity to fish
- Long-term toxicity to fish
- Short-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Long-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Toxicity to aquatic algae and cyanobacteria
- Toxicity to aquatic plants other than algae
- Toxicity to microorganisms
- Endocrine disrupter testing in aquatic vertebrates – in vivo
- Toxicity to other aquatic organisms
- Sediment toxicity
- Terrestrial toxicity
- Biological effects monitoring
- Biotransformation and kinetics
- Additional ecotoxological information
- Toxicological Summary
- Toxicokinetics, metabolism and distribution
- Acute Toxicity
- Irritation / corrosion
- Sensitisation
- Repeated dose toxicity
- Genetic toxicity
- Carcinogenicity
- Toxicity to reproduction
- Specific investigations
- Exposure related observations in humans
- Toxic effects on livestock and pets
- Additional toxicological data
Short-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
Administrative data
Link to relevant study record(s)
- Endpoint:
- short-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Type of information:
- experimental study
- Adequacy of study:
- key study
- Study period:
- 2016-11-16 to 2016-11-18
- Reliability:
- 1 (reliable without restriction)
- Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:
- guideline study
- Qualifier:
- according to guideline
- Guideline:
- EU Method C.2 (Acute Toxicity for Daphnia)
- Version / remarks:
- 31 May 2008
- Deviations:
- no
- Qualifier:
- according to guideline
- Guideline:
- OECD Guideline 202 (Daphnia sp. Acute Immobilisation Test)
- Version / remarks:
- 13 April 2004
- Deviations:
- no
- Qualifier:
- according to guideline
- Guideline:
- EPA OPPTS 850.1010 (Aquatic Invertebrate Acute Toxicity Test, Freshwater Daphnids)
- Version / remarks:
- April 1996
- Deviations:
- no
- GLP compliance:
- yes (incl. QA statement)
- Specific details on test material used for the study:
- - Lot: 216-106
- Expiry date: 2018-06-16
- Storage conditions: Keep at room temperature - Analytical monitoring:
- yes
- Details on sampling:
- - Concentrations: each test concentration and control
- Sampling method: from the test solutions (10 mL at the start, before distribution of the test solution to the vessels and 4 x 2 mL at the end of the study) - Vehicle:
- yes
- Remarks:
- ISO medium
- Details on test solutions:
- PREPARATION AND APPLICATION OF TEST SOLUTION
In order to prepare the test solutions, a saturated stock solution was first prepared as follows:
A stock solution of 100 mg/L (nominal concentration) was first prepared by dissolving the test item in ISO medium, thereafter sonicated for 30 minutes in ultrasonic bath (under cooling). The test solutions of subsequent lower concentrations were prepared by appropriate dilution of this stock solution.
The test solutions were prepared immediately before introduction of daphnids.
- Controls: Untreated Control: The dilution water (ISO-medium) was used without addition of the test item.; Toxic Reference Control: Potassium dichromate
- Chemical name of vehicle: ISO medium
- Concentration of vehicle in test medium: not applicable as the ISO medium was used for substance dilution - Test organisms (species):
- Daphnia magna
- Details on test organisms:
- TEST ORGANISM
- Strain/clone: Daphnia magna (Straus)
- Source: Laboratory of Hydrobiology (Central Agricultural Office, Directorate of Plant-, and Soil Protection) 2100 Gödöllő, Kotlán S. u. 3. Hungary
- Age of parental stock: Less than 24 hours old
- Feeding during test: No.
- Food type: centrifuged green alga suspension during breeding
ACCLIMATION
- Acclimation period: Test animals were bred under similar conditions as that used during the exposure period, therefore additional acclimatisation before the test was not necessary.
- Type of food: centrifuged green alga suspension during breeding - Test type:
- static
- Water media type:
- freshwater
- Limit test:
- no
- Total exposure duration:
- 48 h
- Post exposure observation period:
- none
- Hardness:
- ISO medium: 249 mg/L (as CaCO3, theoretical)
- Test temperature:
- Test vessels: 20.1 – 20.3 °C
Ambient temperature: 19.8 – 20.7 °C - pH:
- 6.98 – 8.09
- Dissolved oxygen:
- 7.50 – 8.32 mg/L
- Salinity:
- not applicable
- Nominal and measured concentrations:
- Nominal concentrations: 6.25, 12.5, 25, 50 and 100 mg/L
Mean of the measured concentrations (mg/L)
Start of experiment (n=4): 6.69, 13.5, 28.0, 54.5, 105.3
End of experiment (n=4): 6.58, 13.6, 26.8, 54.5, 104.1
The analytically determined concentrations of the tested substance were maintained within ± 20 % of the nominal concentrations throughout the test. Therefore the analysis of the results was based on the nominal concentration values. - Details on test conditions:
- TEST SYSTEM
- Test vessel: Glass beakers of approximately 40 mL test medium
- No. of organisms per vessel: 5
- No. of vessels per concentration (replicates): 4
- No. of vessels per control (replicates): 4
TEST MEDIUM / WATER PARAMETERS
- Source/preparation of dilution water: Separate stock solutions of individual substances were first prepared in deionised water (MILLIPORE ELIX 3 water purification system). The ISO medium was prepared by adding 25 mL from each of four stock solutions to one litre deionised water.
- The ISO medium was prepared according to OECD 202 and used as dilution water.
OTHER TEST CONDITIONS
- Adjustment of pH: No.
- Photoperiod: The light-dark cycle during the test was 16 hours light (artificial illumination) and 8 hours darkness.
EFFECT PARAMETERS MEASURED
The immobility or mortality of the Daphnia was determined by visual observation after 24 and 48 hours of exposure. Those animals not able to swim within 15 seconds after gentle agitation of the test beaker were considered to be immobile.
VEHICLE CONTROL PERFORMED: not applicable as the ISO medium was used for substance dilution
RANGE-FINDING STUDY
- Test concentrations: 0.1, 1, 10, 50, 100 % v/v saturated solution (stock solution of 100 mg/L)
- Results used to determine the conditions for the definitive study: 3 animals of 10 were immobilised using 100 % (48 h). No other mortality was detected. - Reference substance (positive control):
- yes
- Remarks:
- Potassium dichromate, not run in parallel but twice per year to evaluate test conditions
- Key result
- Duration:
- 48 h
- Dose descriptor:
- EC50
- Effect conc.:
- > 100 mg/L
- Nominal / measured:
- nominal
- Conc. based on:
- test mat.
- Basis for effect:
- mortality
- Duration:
- 48 h
- Dose descriptor:
- NOEC
- Effect conc.:
- 100 mg/L
- Nominal / measured:
- nominal
- Conc. based on:
- test mat.
- Basis for effect:
- mortality
- Duration:
- 48 h
- Dose descriptor:
- LOEC
- Effect conc.:
- > 100 mg/L
- Nominal / measured:
- nominal
- Conc. based on:
- test mat.
- Basis for effect:
- mortality
- Duration:
- 48 h
- Dose descriptor:
- EC10
- Effect conc.:
- > 100 mg/L
- Nominal / measured:
- nominal
- Conc. based on:
- test mat.
- Basis for effect:
- mortality
- Details on results:
- - Behavioural abnormalities: No abnormal behaviour of test animals was observed in the control and in the concentrations of 6.25, 12.5, 25 and 50 mg/L after 48 hours of exposure. At the test concentration of 100 mg/L a 15 % (not significant) immobilisation was detected.
- Observations on body length and weight: No body weight and length was determined.
- Other biological observations: No.
- Mortality of control: No.
- Other adverse effects control: No immobilisation was observed for control animals. No Daphnia were trapped at the water surface or showed any sign of stress.
- Abnormal responses: No.
- Any observations that might cause a difference between measured and nominal values: No.
- Effect concentrations exceeding solubility of substance in test medium: No. - Results with reference substance (positive control):
- Experiments with Potassium dichromate were not run in parallel but twice per year to evaluate test conditions. No details were provided from those tests.
- Reported statistics and error estimates:
- No significant toxic effects on the mobility of Daphnia were reported.
- Validity criteria fulfilled:
- yes
- Conclusions:
- An EC50 > 100 mg/L (48 h) was determined with a short-term toxicity test in daphnia.
- Executive summary:
In the acute immobilisation test with Daphnia magna (STRAUS), the effects of the test item were determined according to OECD 202. The study was conducted under static conditions over a period of 48 h with concentrations of 6.25, 12.5, 25, 50 and 100 mg/L (nominal concentrations). Twenty Daphnids were exposed to each concentration level and the control. The measured concentration of the test item in the test solution was in the range of 105 – 112 % of the nominal values at the start and 104 – 109 % of the nominal values at the end of the test. There is evidence that the concentration of the tested substance was maintained within ± 20 % of the nominal concentration throughout the test. Therefore the analysis of the results was based on the nominal concentration values. No immobilisation or any abnormal behaviour of test animals was observed in the control and in the concentrations of 6.25, 12.5, 25 and 50 mg/L after 48 hours of exposure. At the test concentration of 100 mg/L a 15 % immobilisation was detected. No significant immobilisation was observed in any of the test concentrations of the test item during the 48-hour exposure of the test (Fisher’s Exact Test). The EC10, EC50 and EC100 values were derived for 48 h to be > 100 mg/L. The NOEC of 100 mg/L (48 h) was determined for daphnia based on nominal concentration.
Reference
Description of key information
An EC50 > 100 mg/L (48 h) was determined with a short-term toxicity test with daphnia.
Key value for chemical safety assessment
Fresh water invertebrates
Fresh water invertebrates
- Effect concentration:
- 100 mg/L
Additional information
In the acute immobilisation test with Daphnia magna (STRAUS), the effects of the test item were determined according to OECD 202. The study was conducted under static conditions over a period of 48 h with concentrations of 6.25, 12.5, 25, 50 and 100 mg/L (nominal concentrations). Twenty Daphnids were exposed to each concentration level and the control. The measured concentration of the test item in the test solution was in the range of 105 – 112 % of the nominal values at the start and 104 – 109 % of the nominal values at the end of the test. There is evidence that the concentration of the tested substance was maintained within ± 20 % of the nominal concentration throughout the test. Therefore the analysis of the results was based on the nominal concentration values. No immobilisation or any abnormal behaviour of test animals was observed in the control and in the concentrations of 6.25, 12.5, 25 and 50 mg/L after 48 hours of exposure. At the test concentration of 100 mg/L a 15 % immobilisation was detected. No significant immobilisation was observed in any of the test concentrations of the test item during the 48-hour exposure of the test (Fisher’s Exact Test). The EC10, EC50 and EC100 values were derived for 48 h to be > 100 mg/L. The NOEC of 100 mg/L (48 h) was determined for daphnia based on nominal concentration.
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