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EC number: 283-518-1 | CAS number: 84650-59-9 Extractives and their physically modified derivatives such as tinctures, concretes, absolutes, essential oils, oleoresins, terpenes, terpene-free fractions, distillates, residues, etc., obtained from Illicium verum, Illiciaceae.
- Life Cycle description
- Uses advised against
- Endpoint summary
- Appearance / physical state / colour
- Melting point / freezing point
- Boiling point
- Density
- Particle size distribution (Granulometry)
- Vapour pressure
- Partition coefficient
- Water solubility
- Solubility in organic solvents / fat solubility
- Surface tension
- Flash point
- Auto flammability
- Flammability
- Explosiveness
- Oxidising properties
- Oxidation reduction potential
- Stability in organic solvents and identity of relevant degradation products
- Storage stability and reactivity towards container material
- Stability: thermal, sunlight, metals
- pH
- Dissociation constant
- Viscosity
- Additional physico-chemical information
- Additional physico-chemical properties of nanomaterials
- Nanomaterial agglomeration / aggregation
- Nanomaterial crystalline phase
- Nanomaterial crystallite and grain size
- Nanomaterial aspect ratio / shape
- Nanomaterial specific surface area
- Nanomaterial Zeta potential
- Nanomaterial surface chemistry
- Nanomaterial dustiness
- Nanomaterial porosity
- Nanomaterial pour density
- Nanomaterial photocatalytic activity
- Nanomaterial radical formation potential
- Nanomaterial catalytic activity
- Endpoint summary
- Stability
- Biodegradation
- Bioaccumulation
- Transport and distribution
- Environmental data
- Additional information on environmental fate and behaviour
- Ecotoxicological Summary
- Aquatic toxicity
- Endpoint summary
- Short-term toxicity to fish
- Long-term toxicity to fish
- Short-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Long-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Toxicity to aquatic algae and cyanobacteria
- Toxicity to aquatic plants other than algae
- Toxicity to microorganisms
- Endocrine disrupter testing in aquatic vertebrates – in vivo
- Toxicity to other aquatic organisms
- Sediment toxicity
- Terrestrial toxicity
- Biological effects monitoring
- Biotransformation and kinetics
- Additional ecotoxological information
- Toxicological Summary
- Toxicokinetics, metabolism and distribution
- Acute Toxicity
- Irritation / corrosion
- Sensitisation
- Repeated dose toxicity
- Genetic toxicity
- Carcinogenicity
- Toxicity to reproduction
- Specific investigations
- Exposure related observations in humans
- Toxic effects on livestock and pets
- Additional toxicological data
Short-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
Administrative data
- Endpoint:
- short-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Type of information:
- experimental study
- Adequacy of study:
- key study
- Study period:
- 2018
- Reliability:
- 1 (reliable without restriction)
- Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:
- guideline study
Data source
Reference
- Reference Type:
- study report
- Title:
- Unnamed
- Year:
- 2 018
- Report date:
- 2019
Materials and methods
Test guideline
- Qualifier:
- according to guideline
- Guideline:
- OECD Guideline 202 (Daphnia sp. Acute Immobilisation Test)
- Version / remarks:
- OECD 202 (2004)
- Deviations:
- not specified
- GLP compliance:
- yes (incl. QA statement)
Test material
- Reference substance name:
- (E)-anethole
- EC Number:
- 224-052-0
- EC Name:
- (E)-anethole
- Cas Number:
- 4180-23-8
- Molecular formula:
- C10H12O
- IUPAC Name:
- 1-methoxy-4-prop-1-en-1-ylbenzene
- Reference substance name:
- 4-allylanisole
- EC Number:
- 205-427-8
- EC Name:
- 4-allylanisole
- Cas Number:
- 140-67-0
- Molecular formula:
- C10H12O
- IUPAC Name:
- 1-allyl-4-methoxybenzene
- Reference substance name:
- Caryophyllene
- EC Number:
- 201-746-1
- EC Name:
- Caryophyllene
- Cas Number:
- 87-44-5
- Molecular formula:
- C15H24
- IUPAC Name:
- 4,11,11-trimethyl-8-methylenebicyclo[7.2.0]undec-4-ene
- Reference substance name:
- 2,6-dimethyl-6-(4-methyl-3-pentenyl)bicyclo[3.1.1]hept-2-ene
- EC Number:
- 241-702-9
- EC Name:
- 2,6-dimethyl-6-(4-methyl-3-pentenyl)bicyclo[3.1.1]hept-2-ene
- Cas Number:
- 17699-05-7
- Molecular formula:
- C15H24
- IUPAC Name:
- 2,6-dimethyl-6-(4-methylpent-3-en-1-yl)bicyclo[3.1.1]hept-2-ene
- Test material form:
- liquid
Constituent 1
Constituent 2
1
Constituent 3
Sampling and analysis
- Analytical monitoring:
- not specified
Test solutions
- Vehicle:
- no
Test organisms
- Test organisms (species):
- Daphnia magna
- Details on test organisms:
- TEST ORGANISM
- Common name: Daphnia magna
- Source: obtained from the CAROLINA BIOLOGICAL SUPPLY COMPANY - Burlington, North Carolina (USA) and maintained as a stock culture at BIOAGRI.
- Age of parental stock (mean and range, SD): ≤ 24 hours old
- Feeding: In each culture container 30 organisms were maintained daily. They were daily fed with algae suspension (Pseudokirchneriella subcapitata) with 107 cells.organisms-1. The water of each culture was renewed twice a week (Mondays and Thursdays).
METHOD FOR PREPARATION AND COLLECTION OF EARLY INSTARS OR OTHER LIFE STAGES: Nearly 24 hours before the Acute Toxicity Test started, Daphnia with eggs were isolated in crystallizing dishes and fed with algae suspension
Study design
- Test type:
- static
- Water media type:
- freshwater
- Limit test:
- no
- Total exposure duration:
- 48 h
Test conditions
- Hardness:
- 148.1 mg.L-1 CaCO3
- Test temperature:
- 20.2 to 20.3 °C
- pH:
- 7.7 to 7.8
- Dissolved oxygen:
- 8.0 mg.L-1
- Details on test conditions:
- In the range-finding test the exposure conditions were:
a): Total number of organisms per each tested concentration or control: 10;
b): Number of replicates per each tested concentration and control: 2;
c): Number of organisms per test container: 5;
d): Volume: 15 mL of test solution per test container, 3 mL to each Daphnia;
e): The organisms were distributed randomly in the test container. Firstly, three organisms were placed in each test container and, finally, two organisms were added to the container;
f): Nominal used concentrations: control and 0.1, 1; 10 and 100 mg.L-1;
g): Temperature of the test solutions: 20.2 to 20.3°C;
h): Photoperiod: 16 hours of light and 8 hours of dark;
i): Parameters evaluated: immobility after 24 and 48 hours; and still animals were considered unable to swim for a period of 15 seconds of observation after mild agitation of the flasks.
In the definitive test the exposure conditions were:
a): Total number of organisms per each tested concentration or control: 20;
b): Number of replicates per each tested concentration and control: 4;
c): Number of organisms per test container: 5;
d): Volume: 15 mL of test solution per test container, 3 mL to each Daphnia;
e): The organisms were distributed randomly in the test container. Firstly, three organisms were placed in each test container and, finally, two organisms were added to the container;
f): Nominal used concentrations: control and 6.5, 13; 25; 50 and 100 mg.L-1;
g): Temperature of the test solutions: 20.0 to 20.3°C;
h): Photoperiod: 16 hours light and 8 hours dark;
i): Parameters evaluated: immobility after 24 and 48 hours; and still animals were considered unable to swim for a period of 15 seconds of observation after mild agitation of the flasks;
j): Analytical determination: content dissolved oxygen, pH of the test solutions and the test substance concentration were determined at the beginning of the test and after 48 hours. - Reference substance (positive control):
- yes
- Remarks:
- potassium dichromate p.a.
Results and discussion
Effect concentrationsopen allclose all
- Key result
- Duration:
- 48 h
- Dose descriptor:
- EC50
- Effect conc.:
- 29.96 mg/L
- Nominal / measured:
- nominal
- Conc. based on:
- test mat.
- Basis for effect:
- other: immobility
- Remarks on result:
- other: 95% confidence limits = 24.71 to 36.34 mg.L-1
- Remarks:
- 95% confidence limits = 24.71 to 36.34 mg.L-1
- Key result
- Duration:
- 24 h
- Dose descriptor:
- EC50
- Effect conc.:
- 35.53 mg/L
- Nominal / measured:
- nominal
- Conc. based on:
- test mat.
- Basis for effect:
- other: immobility
- Remarks on result:
- other: 95% confidence limits = 29.46 to 42.84 mg.L-1
- Remarks:
- 95% confidence limits = 29.46 to 42.84 mg.L-1
- Key result
- Duration:
- 48 h
- Dose descriptor:
- NOEC
- Effect conc.:
- 6.5 mg/L
- Nominal / measured:
- nominal
- Conc. based on:
- test mat.
- Basis for effect:
- other: immobility
- Key result
- Duration:
- 48 h
- Dose descriptor:
- LOEC
- Effect conc.:
- 100 mg/L
- Nominal / measured:
- nominal
- Conc. based on:
- test mat.
- Basis for effect:
- other: immobility
- Details on results:
- In the range-finding test, the number of immobile organisms at 24 and 48 hours for each tested concentration and control shoes that in 48 hours of exposure, the lowest concentration that caused 100% immobilization to the organisms was 100 mg.L-1, and the highest concentration that caused 0% immobilization to the organism was 10 mg.L-1.
The 24 and 48-hours EC50 values of the product of Essential oil of Star Anise Oil (Illiciumverum) obtained from the leaves and fruits by steam distillation were 35.53 mg.L-1 (95% confidence limits = 29.46 to 42.84 mg.L-1) and 29.96 mg.L-1 (95% confidence limits = 24.71 to 36.34 mg.L-1), respectively.
In the definitive test the highest tested concentration that did not cause acute effect (immobility) to the organisms after 48 hours was 6.5 mg.L-1. The lowest concentration that caused 100% immobility was 100 mg.L-1.
The 24-hours EC50 value of the reference substance (potassium dichromate) was 1.06 mg.L-1 (95% confidence limits = 0.93 to 1.22 mg.L-1), showing the sensitivity of the test system (ISO 6341 / OECD 202, 2004).
The values of dissolved oxygen and pH of the test concentrations and control shows that the values of pH of the control and test solutions measured at 0 and 48 hours not deviate more than 1.5 units during the test. - Results with reference substance (positive control):
- The 24-hours EC50 value of the reference substance (potassium dichromate) was 1.06 mg.L-1 (95% confidence limits = 0.93 to 1.22 mg.L-1), showing the sensitivity of the test system (ISO 6341 / OECD 202, 2004).
Applicant's summary and conclusion
- Validity criteria fulfilled:
- yes
- Conclusions:
- The 48-hours EC50 value of Essential oil of Star Anise Oil (Illiciumverum) obtained from the leaves and fruits by steam distillation was 29.96 mg.L-1 (95% confidence limits = 24.71 to 36.34 mg.L-1).
- Executive summary:
This study was carried out in order to evaluate the acute toxicity ofEssential oil of Star Anise Oil (Illiciumverum) obtained from the leaves and fruits by steam distillationtoDaphnia magna.A range-finding test was carried out to determine the concentrations that caused 100% and 0% of acute toxic effect. Based on these results, a definitive test was carried out using the following nominal concentrations: 6.5; 13; 25; 50; and 100 mg.L-. Acontrol were also added. Twenty organisms were used per concentration and control distributed into four replicates. The definitive test was conducted in a controlled environment with temperature ranging from 20.0to20.3°C for 48 hours withphotoperiod of16 hours light and 8 hours of dark. The 24, and 48-hours EC50values ofEssential oil of Star Anise Oil (Illiciumverum) obtained from the leaves and fruits by steam distillationwere 35.53 mg.L-1and 29.96 mg.L-1, respectively. The highest concentration that did not cause acute effect (immobility) to the organisms in 48 hours was 6.5 mg.L-1, and the lowest one that caused 100% of immobilization was 100 mg.L-1.Thestatistical method used was Trimmed Spearman-Karber.
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