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EC number: 432-240-0 | CAS number: 12056-51-8
- Life Cycle description
- Uses advised against
- Endpoint summary
- Appearance / physical state / colour
- Melting point / freezing point
- Boiling point
- Density
- Particle size distribution (Granulometry)
- Vapour pressure
- Partition coefficient
- Water solubility
- Solubility in organic solvents / fat solubility
- Surface tension
- Flash point
- Auto flammability
- Flammability
- Explosiveness
- Oxidising properties
- Oxidation reduction potential
- Stability in organic solvents and identity of relevant degradation products
- Storage stability and reactivity towards container material
- Stability: thermal, sunlight, metals
- pH
- Dissociation constant
- Viscosity
- Additional physico-chemical information
- Additional physico-chemical properties of nanomaterials
- Nanomaterial agglomeration / aggregation
- Nanomaterial crystalline phase
- Nanomaterial crystallite and grain size
- Nanomaterial aspect ratio / shape
- Nanomaterial specific surface area
- Nanomaterial Zeta potential
- Nanomaterial surface chemistry
- Nanomaterial dustiness
- Nanomaterial porosity
- Nanomaterial pour density
- Nanomaterial photocatalytic activity
- Nanomaterial radical formation potential
- Nanomaterial catalytic activity
- Endpoint summary
- Stability
- Biodegradation
- Bioaccumulation
- Transport and distribution
- Environmental data
- Additional information on environmental fate and behaviour
- Ecotoxicological Summary
- Aquatic toxicity
- Endpoint summary
- Short-term toxicity to fish
- Long-term toxicity to fish
- Short-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Long-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Toxicity to aquatic algae and cyanobacteria
- Toxicity to aquatic plants other than algae
- Toxicity to microorganisms
- Endocrine disrupter testing in aquatic vertebrates – in vivo
- Toxicity to other aquatic organisms
- Sediment toxicity
- Terrestrial toxicity
- Biological effects monitoring
- Biotransformation and kinetics
- Additional ecotoxological information
- Toxicological Summary
- Toxicokinetics, metabolism and distribution
- Acute Toxicity
- Irritation / corrosion
- Sensitisation
- Repeated dose toxicity
- Genetic toxicity
- Carcinogenicity
- Toxicity to reproduction
- Specific investigations
- Exposure related observations in humans
- Toxic effects on livestock and pets
- Additional toxicological data
Additional toxicological data
Administrative data
- Endpoint:
- additional toxicological information
- Type of information:
- experimental study
- Adequacy of study:
- supporting study
- Reliability:
- 2 (reliable with restrictions)
- Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:
- study well documented, meets generally accepted scientific principles, acceptable for assessment
Data source
Reference
- Reference Type:
- publication
- Title:
- Determination of carcinogenic potential of mineral fibers by 8-hydroxydeoxyguanosine as a marker of oxidative DNA damage in mammalian cells
- Author:
- Naoko Murata-Kamiya á Takao Tsutsui, Akihiro Fujino
Hiroshi Kasai and Hiroshi Kaji - Year:
- 1 997
- Bibliographic source:
- Int Arch Occup Environ Health (1997) 70: 321-326
Materials and methods
- Type of study / information:
- in vitro study; the purpose of this study was to develop a simple method of testing the carcinogenicity of fibrous materials.
Test guideline
- Qualifier:
- no guideline followed
- Principles of method if other than guideline:
- To streamline the experimental procedure, authors used a murine reticulum cell sarcoma, the J774 cell line, which exhibits the cytologic, adherent, and phagocytic properties of macrophages (Ralph et al. 1975).
Using high pressure liquid chromatography (HPLC) equipped with an electrochemical detector (ECD), authors have studied whether 8-OH-dG formation is induced in the cellular DNA of J774 cells incubated with the fibrous materials.
They also measured the levels of TNF produced by J774 cells.
In the present study, an attempt was made to elucidate the relationship between the biological effects of fibrous materials, 8-OH-dG formation, and TNF
production. - GLP compliance:
- not specified
Test material
- Reference substance name:
- Dipotassium titanate(2-)
- EC Number:
- 261-919-2
- EC Name:
- Dipotassium titanate(2-)
- Cas Number:
- 59766-31-3
- Molecular formula:
- K.1/2O17-Ti8
- Test material form:
- solid: fibres
- Details on test material:
- no data
Constituent 1
- Specific details on test material used for the study:
- potassium octatitanate: GML = 2.8 micron, GMD = 0.41 micron.
Results and discussion
Any other information on results incl. tables
Controls
The amount of 8-OH-dG in the control with crocidolite was not significantly higher than that in the control without fiber (P > 0.1).
Crocidolite is the most potent carcinogen, between the studied fibers.
Although the levels of TNF were the same in both controls, with and without crocidolite, TNF was produced with twofold higher eciency in the crocido- lite-exposed sample than in the control with crocidolite. The increases in the amount of 8-OH-dG and TNF were statistically significant (P<0.05).
Crocidolite increased the formation of 8-OH-dG in the DNA in a dose-dependent manner.
Mineral fibers
Various kind of mineral fibers (natural mineral fibers and man-made mineral fibers) were tested: the amount of 8-OH-dG in the cellular DNA of J774 cells was dfferent among the fibers. The natural mineral fibers increased the formation of 8-OH-dG more than the man-made mineral fibers.
The level of TNF produced by J774 cells was not different among the fibers. All the samples exposed to fibers, either natural mineral fibers or man-made mineral fibers, increased TNF production as compared with that of the control with crocidolite.
8-OH-dG (per 10^5 dG) | TNF (ng/ml) | |
Potassium octatitanate | 0.33 +/- 0.06 | 3.87 +/- 1.16 |
Applicant's summary and conclusion
- Conclusions:
- These results indicate that the mechanism of TNF production is different from that of 8-OH-dG formation, and that the carcinogenicity of various fibrous materials can be better evaluated by measuring the 8-OH-dG level in J774 cellular DNA after treatment with these fibers.
- Executive summary:
8-Hydroxydeoxyguanosine (8-OH-dG) is a typical form of oxidative DNA damage, which causes mutations in vitro and in vivo. To develop a simple method of testing the carcinogenicity of fibrous materials, the formation of 8-OH-dG was determined in the DNA of J774 cells, an established reticulum cell sarcoma line, after treatment with various natural and man-made mineral fibers.
The amount of 8-OH-dG was determined using high-pressure liquid chromatography (HPLC) equipped with an electrochemical detector (ECD). We tested three natural mineral fibers (crocidolite, amosite, and chrysotile) and three man-made mineral fibers (ceramic, glass, and potassium octatitanate). Among them, a significant increase in 8-OH-dG formation was observed in the crocidolite- and amosite-treated cells. We also measured the amount of tumor necrosis factor (TNF) produced by J774 cells incubated with the fibrous materials. Cellular TNF production increased after treatment with all the fibers tested, but it was not sta- tistically significant except in the case of chrysotile. Therefore, these results indicate that the mechanism of TNF production is dierent from that of 8-OH-dG formation, and that the carcinogenicity of various fibrous materials can be better evaluated by measuring the 8-OH-dG level in J774 cellular DNA after treatment with these fibers.
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