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EC number: 291-759-9 | CAS number: 90480-27-6
- Life Cycle description
- Uses advised against
- Endpoint summary
- Appearance / physical state / colour
- Melting point / freezing point
- Boiling point
- Density
- Particle size distribution (Granulometry)
- Vapour pressure
- Partition coefficient
- Water solubility
- Solubility in organic solvents / fat solubility
- Surface tension
- Flash point
- Auto flammability
- Flammability
- Explosiveness
- Oxidising properties
- Oxidation reduction potential
- Stability in organic solvents and identity of relevant degradation products
- Storage stability and reactivity towards container material
- Stability: thermal, sunlight, metals
- pH
- Dissociation constant
- Viscosity
- Additional physico-chemical information
- Additional physico-chemical properties of nanomaterials
- Nanomaterial agglomeration / aggregation
- Nanomaterial crystalline phase
- Nanomaterial crystallite and grain size
- Nanomaterial aspect ratio / shape
- Nanomaterial specific surface area
- Nanomaterial Zeta potential
- Nanomaterial surface chemistry
- Nanomaterial dustiness
- Nanomaterial porosity
- Nanomaterial pour density
- Nanomaterial photocatalytic activity
- Nanomaterial radical formation potential
- Nanomaterial catalytic activity
- Endpoint summary
- Stability
- Biodegradation
- Bioaccumulation
- Transport and distribution
- Environmental data
- Additional information on environmental fate and behaviour
- Ecotoxicological Summary
- Aquatic toxicity
- Endpoint summary
- Short-term toxicity to fish
- Long-term toxicity to fish
- Short-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Long-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Toxicity to aquatic algae and cyanobacteria
- Toxicity to aquatic plants other than algae
- Toxicity to microorganisms
- Endocrine disrupter testing in aquatic vertebrates – in vivo
- Toxicity to other aquatic organisms
- Sediment toxicity
- Terrestrial toxicity
- Biological effects monitoring
- Biotransformation and kinetics
- Additional ecotoxological information
- Toxicological Summary
- Toxicokinetics, metabolism and distribution
- Acute Toxicity
- Irritation / corrosion
- Sensitisation
- Repeated dose toxicity
- Genetic toxicity
- Carcinogenicity
- Toxicity to reproduction
- Specific investigations
- Exposure related observations in humans
- Toxic effects on livestock and pets
- Additional toxicological data
![](https://echa.europa.eu/o/diss-blank-theme/images/factsheets/A-REACH/factsheet/print_toxicological-information.png)
Skin sensitisation
Administrative data
- Endpoint:
- skin sensitisation: in vivo (LLNA)
- Type of information:
- experimental study
- Adequacy of study:
- key study
- Study period:
- Between 25 April 2014 and 20 May 2014
- Reliability:
- 1 (reliable without restriction)
- Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:
- other: Study conducted in compliance with agreed protocols, with no or minor deviations from standard test guidelines and/or minor methodological deficiencies, which do not affect the quality of the relevant results.
Data source
Reference
- Reference Type:
- study report
- Title:
- Unnamed
- Year:
- 2 014
- Report date:
- 2014
Materials and methods
Test guidelineopen allclose all
- Qualifier:
- according to guideline
- Guideline:
- OECD Guideline 429 (Skin Sensitisation: Local Lymph Node Assay)
- Deviations:
- no
- Qualifier:
- according to guideline
- Guideline:
- EU Method B.42 (Skin Sensitisation: Local Lymph Node Assay)
- Deviations:
- no
- GLP compliance:
- yes (incl. QA statement)
- Type of study:
- mouse local lymph node assay (LLNA)
Test material
- Test material form:
- other: beige solid pieces
- Details on test material:
- Description : beige solid pieces
Purity : 100%
Expiry date : 13 March 2016
Storage conditions: room temperature in the dark
The integrity of supplied data relating to the identity, purity and stability of the test item is the responsibility of the Sponsor.
A Certificate of Analysis supplied by the Sponsor is given in Appendix 4 (attachment 1).
Constituent 1
In vivo test system
Test animals
- Species:
- mouse
- Strain:
- other: CBA/Ca (CBA/CaOlaHsd)
- Sex:
- female
- Details on test animals and environmental conditions:
- Female CBA/Ca (CBA/CaOlaHsd) strain mice were supplied by Harlan Laboratories UK Ltd., Oxon, UK. On receipt the animals were randomly allocated to cages. The animals were nulliparous and non pregnant. After an acclimatisation period of at least five days the animals were selected at random and given a number unique within the study by indelible ink marking on the tail and a number written on a cage card. At the start of the study the animals were in the weight range of 15 to 23 g, and were eight to twelve weeks old.
The animals were individually housed in suspended solid floor polypropylene cages furnished with softwood woodflakes. Free access to mains tap water and food (2014C Teklad Global Rodent diet supplied by Harlan Laboratories UK Ltd., Oxon, UK) was allowed throughout the study.
The temperature and relative humidity were controlled to remain within target ranges of 19 to 25°C and 30 to 70%, respectively. Any occasional deviations from these targets were considered not to have affected the purpose or integrity of the study. The rate of air exchange was approximately fifteen changes per hour and the lighting was controlled by a time switch to give twelve hours continuous light (06.00 to 18.00) and twelve hours darkness.
The animals were provided with environmental enrichment items which were considered not to contain any contaminant of a level that might have affected the purpose or integrity of the study.
Study design: in vivo (LLNA)
- Vehicle:
- other: Butanone
- Concentration:
- 10%, 5% or 2.5% w/w in butanone
- No. of animals per dose:
- Five
- Details on study design:
- Preliminary Screening Test
Using available information regarding the systemic toxicity/irritancy potential of the test item, a preliminary screening test was performed using one mouse at the maximum concentration that was suitable for dosing. The mouse was treated by daily application of 25 µl of the test item at concentrations of 10%, 5% or 2.5% w/w in butanone, to the dorsal surface of each ear for three consecutive days (Days 1, 2, 3). The mouse was observed twice daily on Days 1, 2 and 3 and once daily on Days 4, 5 and 6. Local irritation was scored daily according to a scale of 0 to 4, as described in any other information. Any clinical signs of toxicity, if present, were also recorded. The bodyweight of the mouse was recorded on Day 1 (prior to dosing) and on Day 6.
The thickness of the ear was measured using a Mitutoyo 547-300S gauge (Mitutoyo Corporation), pre dose on Day 1, post dose on Day 3 and on Day 6. Any changes in the ear thickness were noted. Mean ear thickness changes were calculated between Days 1 to 3 and Days 1 to 6. A mean ear thickness increase of equal to or greater than 25% was considered to indicate excessive irritation and limited biological relevance to the endpoint of sensitisation.
Main Test
Test Item Administration
Groups of five mice were treated with the test item at concentrations of 10%, 5% or 2.5% w/w in butanone. The preliminary screening test suggested that the test item would not produce systemic toxicity or excessive local irritation at the highest suitable concentration. The mice were treated by daily application of 25 µl of the appropriate concentration of the test item to the dorsal surface of each ear for three consecutive days (Days 1, 2, 3). The test item formulation was administered using an automatic micropipette and spread over the dorsal surface of the ear using the tip of the pipette.
A further group of five mice received the vehicle alone in the same manner.
The positive control animals were similarly treated to the test animals except that 25 µl of the positive control item, α Hexylcinnamaldehyde, tech., 85%, at a concentration of 15% v/v in butanone was applied to the dorsal surface of each ear.
The thickness of each ear was measured using a Mitutoyo 547-300S gauge (Mitutoyo Corporation) pre dose on Day 1, and on Days 2, 3, 4, 5 and on Day 6. Any changes in the ear thickness were noted. Group mean daily ear thickness changes were calculated. A group mean ear thickness increase of equal to or greater than 25% was considered to indicate excessive irritation and limited biological relevance to the endpoint of sensitisation.
3H-Methyl Thymidine Administration
Five days following the first topical application of the test item, vehicle control or positive control item (Day 6) all mice were injected via the tail vein with 250 µl of phosphate buffered saline (PBS) containing 3H methyl thymidine (3HTdR:80µCi/ml, specific activity 2.0 Ci/mmol, ARC UK Ltd) giving a total of 20 µCi to each mouse.
Observations
Clinical Observations: All animals were observed twice daily on Days 1, 2 and 3 and on a daily basis on Days 4, 5 and 6. Any signs of toxicity or signs of ill health during the test were recorded.
Bodyweights: The bodyweight of each mouse was recorded on Day 1 (prior to dosing) and Day 6 (prior to termination).
Terminal Procedures
Termination: Five hours following the administration of 3HTdR all mice were killed by carbon dioxide asphyxiation followed by cervical separation. For each individual animal of each group the draining auricular lymph nodes were excised and processed. For each individual animal 1 ml of PBS was added to the lymph nodes.
Preparation of Single Cell Suspension: A single cell suspension of the lymph node cells for each individual animal was prepared by gentle mechanical disaggregation through a 200 mesh stainless steel gauze. The lymph node cells were rinsed through the gauze with 4 ml of PBS into a petri dish labelled with the project number and dose concentration. The lymph node cells suspension was transferred to a centrifuge tube. The petri dish was washed with an additional 5 ml of PBS to remove all remaining lymph node cells and these were added to the centrifuge tube. The lymph node cells were pelleted at 1400 rpm (approximately 190 g) for ten minutes. The pellet was resuspended in 10 ml of PBS and re-pelleted. To precipitate out the radioactive material, the pellet was resuspended in 3 ml of 5% Trichloroacetic acid (TCA).
Determination of 3HTdR Incorporation: After approximately eighteen hours incubation at approximately 4°C, the precipitates were recovered by centrifugation at 2100 rpm (approximately 450 g) for ten minutes, resuspended in 1 ml of TCA and transferred to 10 ml of scintillation fluid (Optiphase 'Trisafe'). 3HTdR incorporation was measured by scintillation counting. The "Poly QTM" vials containing the samples and scintillation fluid were placed in the sample changer of the scintillator and left for approximately twenty minutes. The purpose of this period of time in darkness was to reduce the risk of luminescence, which has been shown to affect the reliability of the results. After approximately twenty minutes, the vials were shaken vigorously. The number of radioactive disintegrations per minute was then measured using the Beckman LS6500 scintillation system (Beckman Instruments Inc, Fullerton, CA, USA). - Positive control substance(s):
- hexyl cinnamic aldehyde (CAS No 101-86-0)
- Statistics:
- Data was processed to give group mean values for disintegrations per minute and standard deviations where appropriate. Individual and group mean disintegrations per minute values were assessed for dose response relationships by analysis of homogeneity of variance followed by one way analysis of variance (ANOVA). In the event of a significant result from the ANOVA, pairwise comparisons were performed between control and treated groups. For homogenous datasets Dunnett’s Multiple Comparison test was used and for non homogenous datasets Dunnett’s T3 Multiple Comparison Method was used.
Probability values (p) are presented as follows:
P<0.001 ***
P<0.01 **
P<0.05 *
P>0.05 (not significant)
Results and discussion
- Positive control results:
- The positive control item, α-Hexylcinnamaldehyde, tech., 85%, gave a Stimulation Index of greater than 3 when tested at a concentration of 15% v/v in butanone.
In vivo (LLNA)
Resultsopen allclose all
- Parameter:
- SI
- Remarks on result:
- other: The stimulation index are given in Table 4.
- Parameter:
- other: disintegrations per minute (DPM)
- Remarks on result:
- other: The radioactive disintegrations per minute per animal are given in Table 4.
Any other information on results incl. tables
Interpretation of Results
The proliferation response of lymph node cells was expressed as the number of radioactive disintegrations per minute per animal and as the ratio of3HTdR incorporation into lymph node cells of test nodes relative to that recorded for the control nodes (Stimulation Index).
The test item will be regarded as a sensitiser if at least one concentration of the test item results in a threefold or greater increase in3HTdR incorporation compared to control values. Any test item failing to produce a threefold or greater increase in3HTdR incorporation will be classified as a "non‑sensitiser".
Preliminary Screening Test
Clinical observations, bodyweight and mortality data are given in Table 1 and local skin irritation is given in Table 2. The ear thickness measurements and mean ear thickness changes are given in Table 3.
White residual test item was noted post dose on Day 3. No signs of systemic toxicity, visual local skin irritation or irritation indicated by an equal to or greater than 25% increase in mean ear thickness were noted.
Based on this information the dose levels selected for the main test were 10%,5% and 2.5% w/w in butanone.
Estimation of the Proliferative Response of Lymph Node Cells
The radioactive disintegrations per minute per animal and the stimulation index are given in Table 4.
The Stimulation Index expressed as the mean radioactive incorporation for each treatment group divided by the mean radioactive incorporation of the vehicle control group are as follows:
Treatment Group |
Concentration |
Stimulation Index |
Result |
Test Item |
2.5% w/w in |
0.79 |
Negative |
5% v/v in |
1.17 |
Negative |
|
10% v/v in |
2.40 |
Negative |
|
Positive |
15% v/v in |
11.70 |
Positive |
Clinical Observations and Mortality Data
Individual clinical observations and mortality data for test and control animals are given in Table 5 and local skin irritation is given in Table 6 (attachment 2). The ear thickness measurements and mean ear thickness changes are given in Table 7 (attachment 3).
There were no deaths. No signs of systemic toxicity were noted in the test or control mice during the test.
Bodyweight
Individual bodyweights and bodyweight changes for test and control animals are given in Table 8 (attachment 4).
Bodyweight changes of the test animals between Day 1 and Day 6 were comparable to those observed in the corresponding control group animals over the same period.
Table 1 Clinical Observations, Bodyweight and Mortality Data – Preliminary Screening Test
Concentration |
Animal Number |
Bodyweight (g) |
Day |
|||||||||
1 |
2 |
3 |
4 |
5 |
6 |
|||||||
Day 1 |
Day 6 |
Pre-Dose |
Post Dose |
Pre-Dose |
Post Dose |
Pre-Dose |
Post Dose |
|||||
10 |
S-1 |
18 |
19 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0Rt |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 = No signs of systemic toxicity ; Rt = white residual test item on the ears
Table 2 Local Skin Irritation – Preliminary Screening Test
Concentration |
Animal Number |
Local Skin Irritation |
|||||||||||
Day 1 |
Day 2 |
Day 3 |
Day 4 |
Day 5 |
Day 6 |
||||||||
left |
right |
left |
right |
left |
right |
left |
right |
left |
right |
left |
right |
||
10 |
S-1 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
na= Not applicable
Table 4 Individual Disintegrations per Minute and Stimulation Indices
Treatment Group |
Animal Number |
dpm/ |
Mean dpm/Animal |
Stimulation Indexb |
Result |
Vehicle Butanone |
1-1 |
1068.13 |
2454.33 |
N/A |
N/A |
1-2 |
3917.22 |
||||
1-3 |
2513.41 |
||||
1-4 |
2058.62 |
||||
1-5 |
2714.29 |
||||
Test Item |
2-1 |
1540.50 |
1934.83 |
0.79 |
Negative |
2-2 |
2162.76 |
||||
2-3 |
1280.37 |
||||
2-4 |
2058.91 |
||||
2-5 |
2631.62 |
||||
Test Item |
3-1 |
3573.15 |
2876.84 |
1.17 |
Negative |
3-2 |
4230.82 |
||||
3-3 |
3672.46 |
||||
3-4 |
1793.32 |
||||
3-5 |
1114.46 |
||||
Test Item |
4-1 |
5429.90 |
5884.57* |
2.40 |
Negative |
4-2 |
7363.67 |
||||
4-3 |
6529.82 |
||||
4-4 |
5974.24 |
||||
4-5 |
4125.24 |
||||
Positive Control Item 15% v/v in |
5-1 |
18601.85 |
28721.26** |
11.70 |
Positive |
5-2 |
29234.903 |
||||
5-3 |
29998.51 |
||||
5-4 |
39507.96 |
||||
5-5 |
26263.06 |
dpm = Disintegrations per minute
N/A = Not applicable
a = Total number of lymph nodes per animal is 2
b = Stimulation Index of 3.0 or greater indicates a positive result
** = Significantly different from control group p<0.01
* = Significantly different from control group p<0.05
Treatment Group |
Animal Number |
Day 1 |
Day 2 |
Day 3 |
Day 4 |
Day 5 |
Day 6 |
|||
Pre-Dose |
Post Dose |
Pre-Dose |
Post Dose |
Pre-Dose |
Post Dose |
|||||
Vehicle |
1-1 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
1-2 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
|
1-3 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
|
1-4 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
|
1-5 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
|
Test Item |
2-1 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
2-2 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
|
2-3 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
|
2-4 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
|
2-5 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
|
Test Item |
3-1 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
3-2 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
|
3-3 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
|
3-4 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
|
3-5 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
|
Test Item |
4-1 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
4-2 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
|
4-3 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
|
4-4 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
|
4-5 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
|
Positive Control Item 15% v/v in |
5-1 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
5-2 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
|
5-3 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
|
5-4 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
|
5-5 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 = No signs of systemic toxicity
Applicant's summary and conclusion
- Interpretation of results:
- not sensitising
- Remarks:
- Migrated information
- Conclusions:
- The test item was considered to be a non-sensitiser under the conditions of the test.
The positive control item, α-Hexylcinnamaldehyde, tech., 85%, gave a Stimulation Index of greater than 3 when tested at a concentration of 15% v/v in butanone thus demonstrating the sensitivity and reliability of the test system. - Executive summary:
Introduction.
A study was performed to assess the skin sensitisation potential of the test item in the CBA/Ca strain mouse following topical application to the dorsal surface of the ear. The method was designed to be compatible with the following:
OECD Guideline for the Testing of Chemicals No. 429 "Skin Sensitisation: Local Lymph Node Assay" (adopted 22 July 2010)
Method B42 Skin Sensitisation (Local Lymph Node Assay) of Commission Regulation (EC) No. 440/2008
Methods.
Following a preliminary screening test in which no clinical signs of toxicity were noted at a maximum attainable concentration of 10% w/w, this concentration was selected as the highest dose investigated in the main test of the Local Lymph Node Assay. Three groups, each of five animals, were treated with 50 µl (25 µl per ear) of the test item as a solution in butanone at concentrations of 10%, 5% or 2.5% v/v. A further group of five animals was treated with butanone alone. A concurrent positive control test, using a group of five animals, was also performed with the known sensitiser,α‑Hexylcinnamaldehyde tech., 85%, at a concentration of 15% v/v in butanone.
Results.
The Stimulation Index expressed as the mean radioactive incorporation for each treatment group divided by the mean radioactive incorporation of the vehicle control group are as follows:
Treatment Group
Concentration
Stimulation Index
Result
Test Item
2.5% w/w in
butanone0.79
Negative
5% w/w in
butanone1.17
Negative
10% w/w in
butanone2.40
Negative
Positive
Control Item15% v/v in
butanone11.70
Positive
.
Conclusion.
The test item was considered to be a non-sensitiser under the conditions of the test.
The positive control item, α-Hexylcinnamaldehyde, tech., 85%, gave a Stimulation Index of greater than 3 when tested at a concentration of 15% v/v in butanone.
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Reproduction or further distribution of this information may be subject to copyright protection. Use of the information without obtaining the permission from the owner(s) of the respective information might violate the rights of the owner.
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