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EC number: 206-058-5 | CAS number: 298-12-4
- Life Cycle description
- Uses advised against
- Endpoint summary
- Appearance / physical state / colour
- Melting point / freezing point
- Boiling point
- Density
- Particle size distribution (Granulometry)
- Vapour pressure
- Partition coefficient
- Water solubility
- Solubility in organic solvents / fat solubility
- Surface tension
- Flash point
- Auto flammability
- Flammability
- Explosiveness
- Oxidising properties
- Oxidation reduction potential
- Stability in organic solvents and identity of relevant degradation products
- Storage stability and reactivity towards container material
- Stability: thermal, sunlight, metals
- pH
- Dissociation constant
- Viscosity
- Additional physico-chemical information
- Additional physico-chemical properties of nanomaterials
- Nanomaterial agglomeration / aggregation
- Nanomaterial crystalline phase
- Nanomaterial crystallite and grain size
- Nanomaterial aspect ratio / shape
- Nanomaterial specific surface area
- Nanomaterial Zeta potential
- Nanomaterial surface chemistry
- Nanomaterial dustiness
- Nanomaterial porosity
- Nanomaterial pour density
- Nanomaterial photocatalytic activity
- Nanomaterial radical formation potential
- Nanomaterial catalytic activity
- Endpoint summary
- Stability
- Biodegradation
- Bioaccumulation
- Transport and distribution
- Environmental data
- Additional information on environmental fate and behaviour
- Ecotoxicological Summary
- Aquatic toxicity
- Endpoint summary
- Short-term toxicity to fish
- Long-term toxicity to fish
- Short-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Long-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Toxicity to aquatic algae and cyanobacteria
- Toxicity to aquatic plants other than algae
- Toxicity to microorganisms
- Endocrine disrupter testing in aquatic vertebrates – in vivo
- Toxicity to other aquatic organisms
- Sediment toxicity
- Terrestrial toxicity
- Biological effects monitoring
- Biotransformation and kinetics
- Additional ecotoxological information
- Toxicological Summary
- Toxicokinetics, metabolism and distribution
- Acute Toxicity
- Irritation / corrosion
- Sensitisation
- Repeated dose toxicity
- Genetic toxicity
- Carcinogenicity
- Toxicity to reproduction
- Specific investigations
- Exposure related observations in humans
- Toxic effects on livestock and pets
- Additional toxicological data
Genetic toxicity: in vitro
Administrative data
- Endpoint:
- in vitro gene mutation study in bacteria
- Remarks:
- Type of genotoxicity: gene mutation
- Type of information:
- experimental study
- Adequacy of study:
- key study
- Reliability:
- 1 (reliable without restriction)
- Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:
- other: Data generated according to international accepted valid testing method.
Data source
Reference
- Reference Type:
- study report
- Title:
- Unnamed
- Year:
- 1 988
- Report date:
- 1988
Materials and methods
Test guidelineopen allclose all
- Qualifier:
- according to guideline
- Guideline:
- OECD Guideline 471 (Bacterial Reverse Mutation Assay)
- Qualifier:
- according to guideline
- Guideline:
- OECD Guideline 472 (Genetic Toxicology: Escherichia coli, Reverse Mutation Assay)
- GLP compliance:
- yes
- Remarks:
- Pharma Research Toxicology and Pathology, Hoechst AG, Frankfurt, Germany
- Type of assay:
- bacterial reverse mutation assay
Test material
- Reference substance name:
- Glyoxylic acid
- EC Number:
- 206-058-5
- EC Name:
- Glyoxylic acid
- Cas Number:
- 298-12-4
- Molecular formula:
- C2H2O3
- IUPAC Name:
- 2-oxoacetic acid
- Details on test material:
- - Name of test material: Glyoxylic acid
- Physical state: liquid
- Lot/batch No.: R 200.306
- Storage condition of test material: dark at 4 °C
Constituent 1
Method
Species / strainopen allclose all
- Species / strain / cell type:
- S. typhimurium, other: S. typhimurium TA 1535, TA 1537, TA 1538, TA 98 and TA 100
- Additional strain / cell type characteristics:
- not applicable
- Species / strain / cell type:
- E. coli WP2 uvr A
- Additional strain / cell type characteristics:
- not applicable
- Metabolic activation:
- with and without
- Metabolic activation system:
- microsomal enzyme systems (S-9 fraction) from Aroclor 1254-induced male Sprague-Dawley rat liver
- Test concentrations with justification for top dose:
- 0, 4, 20, 100, 500, 2500, 5000 or 10000 µg/plate
- Vehicle / solvent:
- - Vehicle/solvent used: water bidest.
Controlsopen allclose all
- Untreated negative controls:
- yes
- Remarks:
- sterility control
- Negative solvent / vehicle controls:
- yes
- Remarks:
- solvent (background) control
- True negative controls:
- no
- Remarks:
- with and without S-9 mix , in TA 1535, TA 1537, TA 1538, TA 98 and TA 100
- Positive control substance:
- other: 2-aminoanthracene
- Remarks:
- with S9-mix in all strains tested
- Positive controls:
- yes
- Positive control substance:
- benzo(a)pyrene
- Remarks:
- with S9-mix in all strains tested
- Positive controls:
- yes
- Positive control substance:
- other: N-methyl-N-nitrosoguanidine
- Remarks:
- without S9-mix in WP2uvrA
- Positive controls:
- yes
- Positive control substance:
- 2-nitrofluorene
- Remarks:
- without S9-mix in TA 98, TA 1538
- Positive controls:
- yes
- Positive control substance:
- 9-aminoacridine
- Remarks:
- without S9-mix in TA 1537
- Positive controls:
- yes
- Positive control substance:
- sodium azide
- Remarks:
- without S9-mix in TA 100, TA 1535
- Details on test system and experimental conditions:
- METHOD OF APPLICATION:
- in agar (plate incorporation)
DURATION
- Expression time (cells in growth medium): 48-72 hours
SELECTION AGENT :
- minimal amino acid solution 0.05 mM histidine + 0.05 mM biotin (for E.coli histidine was replaced by 0.5 mM tryptophan)
DETERMINATION OF CYTOTOXICITY
- Method: colonies (his+ revertants) were counted
Results and discussion
Test resultsopen allclose all
- Metabolic activation:
- with and without
- Genotoxicity:
- negative
- Cytotoxicity / choice of top concentrations:
- cytotoxicity
- Remarks:
- 2500 µg/plate and higher concentrations
- Vehicle controls validity:
- valid
- Untreated negative controls validity:
- valid
- Positive controls validity:
- valid
- Species / strain:
- E. coli WP2 uvr A
- Metabolic activation:
- with and without
- Genotoxicity:
- negative
- Cytotoxicity / choice of top concentrations:
- cytotoxicity
- Remarks:
- 2500 µg/plate and higher concentrations
- Vehicle controls validity:
- valid
- Untreated negative controls validity:
- valid
- Positive controls validity:
- valid
- Additional information on results:
- Control plates without mutagen showed that the number of spontaneous revertant colonies was similar to that described in the literature. All the positive control compounds gave the expected increase in the number of revertant colonies.
Toxicity: The test compound proved to be toxic to most of the bacterial strains at 2500 µg/plate.
5000 µg/plate was chosen as top dose level for the mutagenicity study.
Mutagenicity: In the absence of the metabolic activation system the test compound did not show a dose dependent increase in the number of revertants in any of the bacterial strains. Also in the presence of a metabolic activation system, treatment of the cells with Glyoxylic acid did not result in relevant increases in the number of revertant colonies. - Remarks on result:
- other: all strains/cell types tested
- Remarks:
- Migrated from field 'Test system'.
Applicant's summary and conclusion
- Conclusions:
- Interpretation of results (migrated information):
negative - Executive summary:
In a reverse gene mutation assay (Müller W, 1988) in bacteria strains TA 1535, TA 1537, TA 1538, TA 98 and TA 100 of S. typhimurium and WP2 uvrA of E. Coli were exposed to Glyoxylic Acid at concentrations of 0, 4, 20, 100, 500, 2500, 5000 or 10000 µg/plate (3 plates/dose) in the presence and absence of mammalian metabolic activation applying the standard plate method. Cytotoxicity was observed at 2500 µg/plate and higher doses. The positive controls induced the appropriate responses in the corresponding strains. There was no evidence of induced mutant colonies over background.
This study is classified as acceptable and satisfies the requirement for test guideline OECD 471 for in vitro mutagenicity (bacterial reverse gene mutation) data.
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