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EC number: 238-034-5 | CAS number: 14177-55-0
- Life Cycle description
- Uses advised against
- Endpoint summary
- Appearance / physical state / colour
- Melting point / freezing point
- Boiling point
- Density
- Particle size distribution (Granulometry)
- Vapour pressure
- Partition coefficient
- Water solubility
- Solubility in organic solvents / fat solubility
- Surface tension
- Flash point
- Auto flammability
- Flammability
- Explosiveness
- Oxidising properties
- Oxidation reduction potential
- Stability in organic solvents and identity of relevant degradation products
- Storage stability and reactivity towards container material
- Stability: thermal, sunlight, metals
- pH
- Dissociation constant
- Viscosity
- Additional physico-chemical information
- Additional physico-chemical properties of nanomaterials
- Nanomaterial agglomeration / aggregation
- Nanomaterial crystalline phase
- Nanomaterial crystallite and grain size
- Nanomaterial aspect ratio / shape
- Nanomaterial specific surface area
- Nanomaterial Zeta potential
- Nanomaterial surface chemistry
- Nanomaterial dustiness
- Nanomaterial porosity
- Nanomaterial pour density
- Nanomaterial photocatalytic activity
- Nanomaterial radical formation potential
- Nanomaterial catalytic activity
- Endpoint summary
- Stability
- Biodegradation
- Bioaccumulation
- Transport and distribution
- Environmental data
- Additional information on environmental fate and behaviour
- Ecotoxicological Summary
- Aquatic toxicity
- Endpoint summary
- Short-term toxicity to fish
- Long-term toxicity to fish
- Short-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Long-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Toxicity to aquatic algae and cyanobacteria
- Toxicity to aquatic plants other than algae
- Toxicity to microorganisms
- Endocrine disrupter testing in aquatic vertebrates – in vivo
- Toxicity to other aquatic organisms
- Sediment toxicity
- Terrestrial toxicity
- Biological effects monitoring
- Biotransformation and kinetics
- Additional ecotoxological information
- Toxicological Summary
- Toxicokinetics, metabolism and distribution
- Acute Toxicity
- Irritation / corrosion
- Sensitisation
- Repeated dose toxicity
- Genetic toxicity
- Carcinogenicity
- Toxicity to reproduction
- Specific investigations
- Exposure related observations in humans
- Toxic effects on livestock and pets
- Additional toxicological data
Endpoint summary
Administrative data
Description of key information
- skin: Human Skin Model Test (in vitro): not irritating
- eye: HET-CAM (in vitro): not irritating
Key value for chemical safety assessment
Skin irritation / corrosion
Endpoint conclusion
- Endpoint conclusion:
- no adverse effect observed (not irritating)
Eye irritation
Endpoint conclusion
- Endpoint conclusion:
- no adverse effect observed (not irritating)
Additional information
Besides the in vitro studies on the skin and eye irritating potential of Molybdenum nickel tetraoxide, there are no in vivo data available for the substance itself. Therefore a read-across approach was conducted from the surrogate substance Nickel sulphate which also belongs to the group of soluble Nickel compounds.
Skin irritation
In vitro
The skin irritation potential of Molybdenum nickel tetraoxide was determined by Paulus (2010) in the Human Skin Model Test following EU-Method B.46. An average of 25.6 mg of the test item was applied to EpiDermTM tissues. After a 60 min incubation tissues were rinsed and incubated for further 41 hours. The cell viability was measured photometrically by dehydrogenase conversion of MTT into a blue formazan salt. No decrease of cell viability was detected compared to the negative control (DPBS-buffer). The relative absorbance values were increased to 118.5%. This value is well above the threshold for irritation potential (50%). Therefore, under these test conditions Molybdenum nickel tetraoxide is considered as to possess no skin irritation potential.
In vivo
In a GLP-guideline study according to OECD 404, 0.5 g of the read-across substance Nickel sulphate hexahydrate (moistened with water) was applied under semiocclusive conditions to the shaved skin of New Zealand White rabbits for periods of 3 minutes, 1 and 4 hours (respecitvely, for the animal with 3 exposure sites) and 4 hours (for the remaining animals with only single exposure site) (SLI, 1999). The observation period was terminated at 72 hours.
Exposure to the test article for 3 minutes and 1 hour produced no dermal irritation and very slight erythema, respectively, in one animal immediately following patch removal. The dermal irritation at the 1-hour exposure site resolved completely by the 48-hour scoring interval. An additional dermal finding of desquamation was noted on the 1-hour test site.
After exposure to the test substance for 4 hours very slight erythema on all rats were observed one hour following patch removal. The dermal irritation was fully reversible on all test animals by the 48-hour scoring interval. An additional dermal finding of desquamation was noted on 1of 3 test animals. The mean value of the scores for the 4-hour exposure period for either erythema or oedema formation calculated over all the animals tested was 0.42 and 0.00, respectively.
Therefore, under the conditions of this test, Nickel sulphate hexahydrate is not considered as skin irritant.
Eye irritation
In vitro
The eye irritancy potential of Molybdenum nickel tetraoxide was evaluated in the Hen's Egg Test - Chorioallantoic Membrane (HET-CAM) assay following ICCVAM (Paulus, 2010). 0.3 mL of the test item was added to the membrane of 9 nine day incubated Lohmannchicken eggs. The reaction on the vessels were observed over a period of 300 seconds. Molybdenum nickel tetraoxide showed no effects on the blood vessels of the CAM. The calculated mean irritation score was 0.00. Thus, it can be stated, that under these experimental conditions, Molybdenum nickel tetraoxide doses not possess irritation potential
In vivo
The acute eye irritation of the read-across substance Nickel sulphate hexahydrate was investigated in a GLP-guideline study (OECD Guideline 405) in New Zealand White rabbits (SLI, 1999). 0.1 g of the test substance was instilled in the right eye of a total of 3 rabbits. The left eye, which remained untreated, served as control. Ocular reactions to the substance were examined 1, 24, 48, 72 hours and 7 days after treatment. Iritis was noted in all rabbits (3/3) at the 1 hour examination. By the 48-hour scoring interval the iritis resolved completely. Conjunctivitis (redness, swelling and discharge) was noted in 3/3 test eyes at the 1-hour scoring interval. Complete recovery of the conjunctival irritation occured by day 7. Systemic toxic effects could not be detected.
Justification for classification or non-classification
The data on skin and eye irritation are conclusive but not sufficient for classification according to the criteria of Directives 67/548/EEC (DSD) and 1272/2008/EC (CLP).
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