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EC number: 692-061-0 | CAS number: 1207435-39-9
- Life Cycle description
- Uses advised against
- Endpoint summary
- Appearance / physical state / colour
- Melting point / freezing point
- Boiling point
- Density
- Particle size distribution (Granulometry)
- Vapour pressure
- Partition coefficient
- Water solubility
- Solubility in organic solvents / fat solubility
- Surface tension
- Flash point
- Auto flammability
- Flammability
- Explosiveness
- Oxidising properties
- Oxidation reduction potential
- Stability in organic solvents and identity of relevant degradation products
- Storage stability and reactivity towards container material
- Stability: thermal, sunlight, metals
- pH
- Dissociation constant
- Viscosity
- Additional physico-chemical information
- Additional physico-chemical properties of nanomaterials
- Nanomaterial agglomeration / aggregation
- Nanomaterial crystalline phase
- Nanomaterial crystallite and grain size
- Nanomaterial aspect ratio / shape
- Nanomaterial specific surface area
- Nanomaterial Zeta potential
- Nanomaterial surface chemistry
- Nanomaterial dustiness
- Nanomaterial porosity
- Nanomaterial pour density
- Nanomaterial photocatalytic activity
- Nanomaterial radical formation potential
- Nanomaterial catalytic activity
- Endpoint summary
- Stability
- Biodegradation
- Bioaccumulation
- Transport and distribution
- Environmental data
- Additional information on environmental fate and behaviour
- Ecotoxicological Summary
- Aquatic toxicity
- Endpoint summary
- Short-term toxicity to fish
- Long-term toxicity to fish
- Short-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Long-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Toxicity to aquatic algae and cyanobacteria
- Toxicity to aquatic plants other than algae
- Toxicity to microorganisms
- Endocrine disrupter testing in aquatic vertebrates – in vivo
- Toxicity to other aquatic organisms
- Sediment toxicity
- Terrestrial toxicity
- Biological effects monitoring
- Biotransformation and kinetics
- Additional ecotoxological information
- Toxicological Summary
- Toxicokinetics, metabolism and distribution
- Acute Toxicity
- Irritation / corrosion
- Sensitisation
- Repeated dose toxicity
- Genetic toxicity
- Carcinogenicity
- Toxicity to reproduction
- Specific investigations
- Exposure related observations in humans
- Toxic effects on livestock and pets
- Additional toxicological data
Viscosity
Administrative data
Link to relevant study record(s)
- Endpoint:
- viscosity
- Type of information:
- experimental study
- Adequacy of study:
- key study
- Study period:
- 10 June 2013 to 12 July 2013
- Reliability:
- 1 (reliable without restriction)
- Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:
- guideline study
- Qualifier:
- according to guideline
- Guideline:
- OECD Test Guideline 114 (Viscosity of Liquids)
- Deviations:
- no
- GLP compliance:
- yes (incl. QA statement)
- Type of method:
- rotational viscometer (dynamic)
- Key result
- Temp.:
- 20°C
- Parameter:
- dynamic viscosity (in mPa s)
- Value:
- 125
- Remarks on result:
- other: at a shear rate of 5 s-1
- Key result
- Temp.:
- 20°C
- Parameter:
- dynamic viscosity (in mPa s)
- Value:
- 137.9
- Remarks on result:
- other: at a shear rate of 100 s-1
- Key result
- Temp.:
- 40°C
- Parameter:
- dynamic viscosity (in mPa s)
- Value:
- 190.7
- Remarks on result:
- other: at a shear rate of 5 s-1
- Key result
- Temp.:
- 40°C
- Parameter:
- dynamic viscosity (in mPa s)
- Value:
- 117.4
- Remarks on result:
- other: at a shear rate of 100 s-1
- Temp.:
- 20°C
- Parameter:
- other: Kinematic viscosity (in cm2/s)
- Value:
- 1.065
- Remarks on result:
- other: at a shear rate of 5 s-1
- Temp.:
- 20°C
- Parameter:
- other: Kinematic viscosity (in cm2/s)
- Value:
- 1.174
- Remarks on result:
- other: at a shear rate of 100 s-1
- Temp.:
- 40°C
- Parameter:
- other: Kinematic viscosity (in cm2/s)
- Value:
- 1.649
- Remarks on result:
- other: at a shear rate of 5 s-1
- Temp.:
- 40°C
- Parameter:
- other: Kinematic viscosity (in cm2/s)
- Value:
- 1.015
- Remarks on result:
- other: at a shear rate of 100 s-1
- Conclusions:
- Oerall mean dynamic viscosity was found to be 121.1 mPa s at 20 °C and 129.2 mPa s at 40 °C. Due to immendiate sample segmentation into two phases, repeatable results were not possible to obtain and the results should be regarded as approximate values. 1.031 cm2/s
- Executive summary:
The viscosity of Fast Pyrolysis Bio-oil was determined with a rotational viscometer according to OECD 114. The test was performed in duplicate at 20 °C and 40 °C. The viscosity was not constant with the shear rates. The samples were segmented into two phases immediately after stirring. Due to this inhomogeneity repeatable results were not possible to obtain and the resultd should be regarded as approximate values.
The mean results for the dynamic viscosity are:
20 °C: at a shear rate of 5 s-1: 125.0 mPa s(1)
at a shear rate of 100 s-1: 137.9 mPa s(1)
overall mean: 121.1 mPa s(2)
40 °C: at a shear rate of 5 s-1: 190.7 mPa s(1)
at a shear rate of 100 s-1: 117.4 mPa s(1)
overall mean: 129.2 mPa s(2)
The mean calculated results for the kinematic viscosity are:
20 °C, δ = 1.1742 g/cm3:
at a shear rate of 5 s-1: 1.065 cm2/s
at a shear rate of 100 s-1: 1.174 cm2/s
overall mean: 1.031 cm2/s
40 °C, δ = 1.1568 g/cm3:
at a shear rate of 5 s-1: 1.649 cm2/s
at a shear rate of 100 s-1: 1.015 cm2/s
overall mean: 1.117 cm2/s
- Endpoint:
- viscosity
- Type of information:
- experimental study
- Adequacy of study:
- key study
- Study period:
- July 2015.
- Reliability:
- 2 (reliable with restrictions)
- Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:
- guideline study with acceptable restrictions
- Qualifier:
- according to guideline
- Guideline:
- other: ASTM D1076-88
- Deviations:
- no
- GLP compliance:
- no
- Type of method:
- rotational viscometer (dynamic)
- Key result
- Temp.:
- 40°C
- Parameter:
- dynamic viscosity (in mPa s)
- Value:
- ca. 19.5
- Remarks on result:
- other: Sample 1, at a shear rate of 60 s-1 and spindel 18.
- Key result
- Temp.:
- 40°C
- Parameter:
- dynamic viscosity (in mPa s)
- Value:
- ca. 15.5
- Remarks on result:
- other: Sample 1, at a shear rate of 60 s-1 and spindel 18.
- Key result
- Temp.:
- 40°C
- Parameter:
- dynamic viscosity (in mPa s)
- Value:
- ca. 18.9
- Remarks on result:
- other: Sample 2 at a shear rate of 60 s-1 and spindel 18.
- Key result
- Temp.:
- 40°C
- Parameter:
- dynamic viscosity (in mPa s)
- Value:
- 18.5
- Remarks on result:
- other: Sample 2 at a shear rate of 60 s-1 and spindel 18.
- Conclusions:
- The average for the dynamic viscosity 40 °C were 17.5 mPa s (Sample 1 Wood chips) and 18.7 mPa s (Sample 2 Forest residue).
- Executive summary:
The viscosity of Fast Pyrolysis Bio-oil was determined with a rotational viscometer according to ASTM D1076-88. The test was performed at 40 °C for homogenised Fast Pyrolysis Bio-oil duplicate samples from Wood chips and Forest residue. The used share rate was 60 s-1 with spindel 18. The mean results for the dynamic viscosity were 17.5 mPa s (Sample 1 Wood chips) and 18.7 mPa s (Sample 2 Forest residue).
Referenceopen allclose all
Description of key information
The viscosity of Fast Pyrolysis Bio-oil was determined with a rotational viscometer according to OECD 114 and ASTM D1076-88. The first test according to OECD 114 was performed in duplicate at 20 °C and 40 °C. The viscosity was not constant with the shear rates. The samples were segmented into two phases immediately after stirring. Due to this inhomogeneity repeatable results were not possible to obtain and the results should be regarded as approximate values. Viscosity was 121.1 mPa s at 20 °C.
In two ASTM D1076-88 accordant studies, the averages for dynamic viscosity were 17.5 mPa s (Sample 1 Wood chips) and 18.7 mPa s (Sample 2 Forest residue). The analyses were performed as duplicates. The used share rate was 60 s-1 with spindel 18. The average of these results was used as Key value for Chemical Safety assessment, as these samples represent full scale produced good guality Fast Pyrolysis Bio-oils.
Key value for chemical safety assessment
- Viscosity:
- 18.1 mPa · s (dynamic)
- at the temperature of:
- 20 °C
Additional information
According to literature, generic values for kinematic viscosity of wood pyrolysis liquids varies between 15 -40 cSt at 40 °C (Oasmaa & Peacocke 2010). In BIOTOX project, values ca. 47 - 226 cSt at 20°C and ca. 9 - 41 cSt at 50 °C respectively were measured.
According to Oasmaa et al. (1997), viscosities of pyrolysis liquids are a function of water content (see attachment: viscosity as a function of water content).
REFERENCES:
Anja Oasmaa & Cordner Peacocke. Properties and fuel use of biomass-derived fast pyrolysis liquids.
A guide. Espoo 2010. VTT Publications 731. 79 p. + app. 46 p.
BIOTOX. 2005. An assessment of bio-oil toxicity for safe handling and transportation. Final Technical Report. Part I: Publishable Final Report. Report drafted by Blin, J. Project N°: S07.16365. Project co-ordinator: Centre de Coopération Internationale de Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (Cirad). Partners: Aston University, Bundesforschungsanstalt für Forst- und Holzwirtschaft (BFH).
Oasmaa, A., Leppämäki, E., Koponen, P., Levander, J. & Tapola, E. 1997. Physical characterisation of biomass-based pyrolysis liquids. Application of standard fuel oil analyses. Espoo, VTT. 46 p. + app. 30 p. VTT Publications 306. ISBN 951 -38-5051-X.
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