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EC number: 229-494-8 | CAS number: 6574-99-8
- Life Cycle description
- Uses advised against
- Endpoint summary
- Appearance / physical state / colour
- Melting point / freezing point
- Boiling point
- Density
- Particle size distribution (Granulometry)
- Vapour pressure
- Partition coefficient
- Water solubility
- Solubility in organic solvents / fat solubility
- Surface tension
- Flash point
- Auto flammability
- Flammability
- Explosiveness
- Oxidising properties
- Oxidation reduction potential
- Stability in organic solvents and identity of relevant degradation products
- Storage stability and reactivity towards container material
- Stability: thermal, sunlight, metals
- pH
- Dissociation constant
- Viscosity
- Additional physico-chemical information
- Additional physico-chemical properties of nanomaterials
- Nanomaterial agglomeration / aggregation
- Nanomaterial crystalline phase
- Nanomaterial crystallite and grain size
- Nanomaterial aspect ratio / shape
- Nanomaterial specific surface area
- Nanomaterial Zeta potential
- Nanomaterial surface chemistry
- Nanomaterial dustiness
- Nanomaterial porosity
- Nanomaterial pour density
- Nanomaterial photocatalytic activity
- Nanomaterial radical formation potential
- Nanomaterial catalytic activity
- Endpoint summary
- Stability
- Biodegradation
- Bioaccumulation
- Transport and distribution
- Environmental data
- Additional information on environmental fate and behaviour
- Ecotoxicological Summary
- Aquatic toxicity
- Endpoint summary
- Short-term toxicity to fish
- Long-term toxicity to fish
- Short-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Long-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Toxicity to aquatic algae and cyanobacteria
- Toxicity to aquatic plants other than algae
- Toxicity to microorganisms
- Endocrine disrupter testing in aquatic vertebrates – in vivo
- Toxicity to other aquatic organisms
- Sediment toxicity
- Terrestrial toxicity
- Biological effects monitoring
- Biotransformation and kinetics
- Additional ecotoxological information
- Toxicological Summary
- Toxicokinetics, metabolism and distribution
- Acute Toxicity
- Irritation / corrosion
- Sensitisation
- Repeated dose toxicity
- Genetic toxicity
- Carcinogenicity
- Toxicity to reproduction
- Specific investigations
- Exposure related observations in humans
- Toxic effects on livestock and pets
- Additional toxicological data
Short-term toxicity to fish
Administrative data
Link to relevant study record(s)
- Endpoint:
- short-term toxicity to fish
- Type of information:
- experimental study
- Adequacy of study:
- key study
- Study period:
- January - March 1997
- Reliability:
- 2 (reliable with restrictions)
- Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:
- guideline study with acceptable restrictions
- Remarks:
- GLP study and according to Guideline OECD 203 ("Fish Acute Toxicity Test"). Nevertheless reliable with restrictions: undissolved test substance particles in test solution at concentrations >/= 10 mg/L, signs of toxicity at concentrations >/= 18 mg/L.
- Qualifier:
- according to guideline
- Guideline:
- OECD Guideline 203 (Fish, Acute Toxicity Test)
- Qualifier:
- according to guideline
- Guideline:
- other: EEC directive 92/69, Part C.1
- GLP compliance:
- yes
- Analytical monitoring:
- yes
- Details on sampling:
- SAMPLING FOR ANALYSIS OF TEST CONCENTRATIONS:
During the final test samples for TOC-analysis were taken as follows:
- Frequency: From 0, 3.2 and 56 mg/L at the start of exposure. After 24 hours of exposure from 32 mg/L. At the end of the exposure period from 0, 3.2 and 18 mg/L.
- Volume: 10 mL from the approximate centre of the test vessels.
- Sample storage conditions before analysis: the samples were stored in a deep-freeze. - Vehicle:
- not specified
- Details on test solutions:
- PREPARATION OF TEST SOLUTIONS:
Test concentrations of 10, 18, 32 and 56 mg/L were prepared sperately, due to the poor solubility of the test substance in the test medium. Test concentrations of 3.2 and 5.6 mg/L were prepared using a stock solution of 10 mg/L. Ultrasonic treatment and magnetic stirring were used alternately to accelerate the suspending of the test substance. In addition, the temperature was increased up to 40 °C. Before introduction of the fish test solutions were cooled to 21 °C. Test solutions up to 5.6 mg/L were clear and colorless without precipitation. From 10 mg/L upwars, test solutions were clear with increasing test substance particles present in the medium. - Test organisms (species):
- Cyprinus carpio
- Details on test organisms:
- TEST ORGANISM
- Common name: carp
- Strain: cyprinus carpio, Teleostei, Cyprinidae
- Source: Zodiac, proefacc, "De Haar Vissen", L.U. Wageningen, The Netherlands.
- Length at study initiation (length definition, mean, range and SD): 2.97 +/- 0.38 cm (range finding test), 2.51 +/- 0.17 cm (final test).
- Weight at study initiation (mean and range, SD): 0.84 +/- 0.31 g (range finding test), 0.54 +/- 0.10 g (final test).
- Method of breeding: F1 from a single parent-pair bred in UV-treated water
- Feeding during test: bevor test daily with Trouvit. No feeding from 24 hours prior to the test and during the total test period
ACCLIMATION
- Acclimation period: at least 12 days after delivery
- Feeding frequency: daily with Trouvit
- validity of batch: In the batch of fish used for the test, mortality during the seven days prior to the start of the test was less than 5 %. - Test type:
- static
- Water media type:
- freshwater
- Limit test:
- no
- Total exposure duration:
- 96 h
- Post exposure observation period:
- no data
- Hardness:
- 250 mg CaCO3/L
- Test temperature:
- 20.0 - 21.0 °C
measured daily in one control vessel, beginning ar the satrt of the test (see table 1) - pH:
- 8.1 -7.2
measured daily in all vessels, beginning at the start of the test (see table 1) - Dissolved oxygen:
- 9.4 - 6.0
measured daily in all vessels, beginning at the start of the test (see table 1) - Salinity:
- Ca2+: 80mg/L
Mg2+: 12 mg/L
Na+: 15 mg/L
K+: 3 mg/L
CL-: 145 mg/L
sulfate: 49 mg/L
HCO3+: 47 mg/L - Nominal and measured concentrations:
- nominal test concentrations: 0, 3.2, 5.6, 10, 18, 32 and 56 mg/L
measured test concentrations were based on TOC-analysis relative to nominal concentrations (see Table 2). - Details on test conditions:
- TEST SYSTEM
- Test vessels: 18 litre, all-glass
- Aeration: the test media were not aereted during the test
- No. of organisms per vessel: 7
TEST MEDIUM / WATER PARAMETERS
- Intervals of water quality measurement: once a week
OTHER TEST CONDITIONS
- Photoperiod: 16 hours photoperiod daily
RANGE-FINDING TEST:
Three fish per concentration were exposed to a concentration range of 1 to 100 mg/L with an increasing factor of 10. - Reference substance (positive control):
- yes
- Remarks:
- blank-control; test medium without test substance or other additives (0 mg/L).
- Duration:
- 2 h
- Dose descriptor:
- LC50
- Effect conc.:
- 42.3 mg/L
- Nominal / measured:
- nominal
- Conc. based on:
- test mat.
- Basis for effect:
- mortality (fish)
- Duration:
- 24 h
- Dose descriptor:
- LC50
- Effect conc.:
- 24 mg/L
- Nominal / measured:
- nominal
- Conc. based on:
- test mat.
- Basis for effect:
- mortality (fish)
- Key result
- Duration:
- 96 h
- Dose descriptor:
- LC50
- Effect conc.:
- 24 mg/L
- Nominal / measured:
- nominal
- Conc. based on:
- test mat.
- Basis for effect:
- mortality (fish)
- Results with reference substance (positive control):
- The 96h-LC50 of this test with pentachlorophenol was 0.16 mg/L with 95 % fiducial limits of 0.14 and 0.19 mg/L . The range of the 96h-LC50 for carp is generally between 0.10 and 0.46 mg/L based on historical data of reference test approxomately every 3 months since april 1988. The carp orginating from this batch can be considered as sentitive to toxic substances.
- Sublethal observations / clinical signs:
Range-finding test:
The results of the range-finding test showed thst the LC50 was between 10 and 100 mg/L (Table 3).
Table 3: Incidence and total mortality in the range-finding test:
Concentration (mg/l)
Initial number of fish
Cumulative mortality
Total Mortality (%)
3 h
24 h
48 h
72 h
96 h
Blank-control
7
0
0
0
0
0
0
1.0
3
0
0
0
0
0
0
10
3
0
0
0
0
0
0
100
3
3
-
-
-
-
100
Final study:
The mortality data are presented in Table 4.
Table 4: Incidence and total mortality in the final study.
Concentration (mg/l)
Initial number of fish
Cumulative mortality
Total Mortality (%)
2 h
24 h
48 h
72 h
96 h
Blank-control
7
0
0
0
0
0
0
3.2
7
0
0
0
0
0
0
5.6
7
0
0
0
0
0
0
10
7
0
0
0
0
0
0
18
7
0
0
0
0
0
0
32
7
0
71
-
-
-
100
56
7
7
-
-
-
-
100
1Recorded 20 hours following the start of the test.
Clinical effects observed during the final test:
Fish exposed to the blank, 3.2, 5.6 mg/L showed no abnormalities in swimming behaviour during the exposure period. Although fish exposed to concentrations at 10 and 18 mg/L survived the 96 -hour eposur, they showed severe distress in swimming behaviour throughout the entire test period. Fish exposed to 32 mg/L also showed severe distress in swimming behaviour before they were found dead.
Based on the LC50 the 'Bewertungszahl' for toxicity in fish is 4.6.
Reference Test:
This reference test was carried out to check the sensitivity of the test system (see table 5). The reference substance was pentachlorophenol.
Table 5: Incidence of mortality observed in the reference study.
Number of dead fish recorded at different points in time after start of exposure.
Nominal Concentration (mg/L)
Number exposed
24 h
48 h
72 h
96 h
Total %
0.00
7
0
0
0
0
0
0.10
7
0
0
0
0
0
0.15
7
2
0
0
0
29
0.22
7
7
-
-
-
100
0.32
7
7
-
-
-
100
0.46
7
7
-
-
-
100
- Validity criteria fulfilled:
- yes
- Conclusions:
- Under the conditions of the present test 3,4-Dichlorobenzonitrile induced no lethal effects in carp at or below nominal 18 mg/l. The LC50 decreased from nominal 42.3 mg/l after 2 hours of exposure to nominal 24 mg/l after 24 h exposure. The LC50 remained at 24 mg/l during the remaining 72 h of exposure. Based on the LC50 the 'Bewertungszahl' for toxicity in fish is 4.6.
- Executive summary:
In a 96 -hour acute toxicity study, carp (Cyprius carpio) were exposed to 3,4 -Dichlorobenzonitrile at nominal concentrations of 0 (control, solvent control), 3.2, 5.6, 10, 18, 32, 56 mgmg under static conditions. 3,4 -Dichlorobenzonitrile incduced no lethal effects in carp at or below nominal 18 mg/L. The LC50 decreased from nominal 42.3 mg/L after 2 hours of exposure to nominal 24 mg/L after 24 h exposure. The LC50 remained at 24 mg/L during the remaining 72 h of exposure.
Result Synopsis:
Seven carp (Cyprius carpio) with mean lenght 2.51 +/- 0.17 cm were exposed to concentrations ranging from 3.2 to 56 mg/L (7 per concentration and control) in a static test type.
The test substance could not easily be dissolved, despite recoveries of carbon contents still ranged from 60 - 83 %. Based on the LC50 the 'Bewertungszahl' for toxicity to fish is 4.6.
However, undissolved test substance particles occured in the test solution at concentration >/= 10 mg/L. Therefore, signs of toxicity could also have been related to physical effects.
Reference
Description of key information
The 96-h LC50 of 3,4-Dichlorobenzonitrile in carp (Cyprinus carpio) determined in a static acute test
according to OECD 203 is 24 mg/L.
Key value for chemical safety assessment
Fresh water fish
Fresh water fish
- Effect concentration:
- 24 mg/L
Additional information
In a 96-h acute toxicity study, carp (Cyprinus carpio) were exposed to 3,4-Dichlorobenzonitrile at nominal concentrations of 0 (control, solvent control), 3.2, 5.6, 10, 18, 32 and 56 mg under static conditions. 3,4-Dichlorobenzonitrile induced no lethal effects in carp at or below nominal 18 mg/l. The LC50 decreased from nominal 42.3 mg/l after 2 hours of exposure to nominal 24 mg/l after 24 h exposure. The LC50 remained at 24 mg/l during the remaining 72 h of exposure.
However, undissolved test substance particles occurred in the test solutions at concentrations >/= 10 mg/L. Signs of toxicity could therefore also have been related to physical effects.
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