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EC number: 479-930-8 | CAS number: 613222-52-9
- Life Cycle description
- Uses advised against
- Endpoint summary
- Appearance / physical state / colour
- Melting point / freezing point
- Boiling point
- Density
- Particle size distribution (Granulometry)
- Vapour pressure
- Partition coefficient
- Water solubility
- Solubility in organic solvents / fat solubility
- Surface tension
- Flash point
- Auto flammability
- Flammability
- Explosiveness
- Oxidising properties
- Oxidation reduction potential
- Stability in organic solvents and identity of relevant degradation products
- Storage stability and reactivity towards container material
- Stability: thermal, sunlight, metals
- pH
- Dissociation constant
- Viscosity
- Additional physico-chemical information
- Additional physico-chemical properties of nanomaterials
- Nanomaterial agglomeration / aggregation
- Nanomaterial crystalline phase
- Nanomaterial crystallite and grain size
- Nanomaterial aspect ratio / shape
- Nanomaterial specific surface area
- Nanomaterial Zeta potential
- Nanomaterial surface chemistry
- Nanomaterial dustiness
- Nanomaterial porosity
- Nanomaterial pour density
- Nanomaterial photocatalytic activity
- Nanomaterial radical formation potential
- Nanomaterial catalytic activity
- Endpoint summary
- Stability
- Biodegradation
- Bioaccumulation
- Transport and distribution
- Environmental data
- Additional information on environmental fate and behaviour
- Ecotoxicological Summary
- Aquatic toxicity
- Endpoint summary
- Short-term toxicity to fish
- Long-term toxicity to fish
- Short-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Long-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Toxicity to aquatic algae and cyanobacteria
- Toxicity to aquatic plants other than algae
- Toxicity to microorganisms
- Endocrine disrupter testing in aquatic vertebrates – in vivo
- Toxicity to other aquatic organisms
- Sediment toxicity
- Terrestrial toxicity
- Biological effects monitoring
- Biotransformation and kinetics
- Additional ecotoxological information
- Toxicological Summary
- Toxicokinetics, metabolism and distribution
- Acute Toxicity
- Irritation / corrosion
- Sensitisation
- Repeated dose toxicity
- Genetic toxicity
- Carcinogenicity
- Toxicity to reproduction
- Specific investigations
- Exposure related observations in humans
- Toxic effects on livestock and pets
- Additional toxicological data
Genetic toxicity: in vitro
Administrative data
- Endpoint:
- in vitro gene mutation study in bacteria
- Type of information:
- experimental study
- Adequacy of study:
- key study
- Study period:
- 2004-11-26 to 2005-01-28
- Reliability:
- 1 (reliable without restriction)
- Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:
- guideline study
Data source
Reference
- Reference Type:
- study report
- Title:
- Unnamed
- Year:
- 2 005
- Report date:
- 2005
Materials and methods
Test guidelineopen allclose all
- Qualifier:
- according to guideline
- Guideline:
- EU Method B.13/14 (Mutagenicity - Reverse Mutation Test Using Bacteria)
- Version / remarks:
- 2000
- Deviations:
- no
- Qualifier:
- according to guideline
- Guideline:
- OECD Guideline 471 (Bacterial Reverse Mutation Assay)
- Version / remarks:
- 1997
- Deviations:
- no
- Qualifier:
- according to guideline
- Guideline:
- EPA OPPTS 870.5100 - Bacterial Reverse Mutation Test (August 1998)
- Version / remarks:
- 1996
- Deviations:
- no
- GLP compliance:
- yes (incl. QA statement)
- Type of assay:
- bacterial reverse mutation assay
Test material
- Reference substance name:
- -
- EC Number:
- 479-930-8
- EC Name:
- -
- Cas Number:
- 613222-52-9
- Molecular formula:
- C40H76N2O4
- IUPAC Name:
- (3E)-3-({6-[(E)-[3-(dodecanoyloxy)-2,2-dimethylpropylidene]amino]hexyl}imino)-2,2-dimethylpropyl dodecanoate
Constituent 1
Method
- Target gene:
- The Salmonella typhimurium histidine (his) reversion system measures his- to his+ reversions. The Salmonella typhimurium strains are constructed to differentiate between base pair (TA 1535, TA 100) and frameshift (TA 1537, TA 98) mutations. The Escherichia coli WP2 uvrA (trp) reversion system measures trp– to trp+ reversions. The Escherichia coli WP2 uvrA detect mutagens that cause other base-pair substitutions (AT to GC).
Species / strainopen allclose all
- Species / strain / cell type:
- E. coli WP2 uvr A
- Species / strain / cell type:
- S. typhimurium TA 1535, TA 1537, TA 98 and TA 100
- Metabolic activation:
- with and without
- Metabolic activation system:
- Liver S9-mix from rats induced with Phenobarbitone (PB) and ß-naphthoflavone (BNF)
- Test concentrations with justification for top dose:
- 5000.00; 1581.14; 500.00; 158.11; 50.00; 15.81; 5.00 µg/plate.
In case of the tester strains Salmonella typhimurium TA100, TA 1535 and TA1537 the toxicity affected even the lowest concentration (5.00 µg/plate) in experiment II.
Therefore, an additional (third) confirmatory test was carried out with Salmonella typhimurium TA 100, TA 1535 and TA 1537 and the following concentrations were tested: 50.00; 15.81; 5.00; 1.58; 0.50; 0.16 µg/plate. - Vehicle / solvent:
- Acetone
Controlsopen allclose all
- Untreated negative controls:
- yes
- Negative solvent / vehicle controls:
- yes
- True negative controls:
- yes
- Positive controls:
- yes
- Positive control substance:
- other: Methyl methanesulfonate; MMS
- Remarks:
- E. coli WP2 uvrA without S-9
- Untreated negative controls:
- yes
- Negative solvent / vehicle controls:
- yes
- True negative controls:
- yes
- Positive controls:
- yes
- Positive control substance:
- other: 4-nitro-o-phenylene-diamine, 4-NOPD
- Remarks:
- S. typhimurium: TA 98 without S-9
- Untreated negative controls:
- yes
- Negative solvent / vehicle controls:
- yes
- True negative controls:
- yes
- Positive controls:
- yes
- Positive control substance:
- sodium azide
- Remarks:
- S. typhimurium: TA 100; TA 1535 without S-9 Migrated to IUCLID6: NaN3
- Untreated negative controls:
- yes
- Negative solvent / vehicle controls:
- yes
- True negative controls:
- yes
- Positive controls:
- yes
- Positive control substance:
- 9-aminoacridine
- Remarks:
- S. typhimurium TA 1537 without S-9 Migrated to IUCLID6: 9-AA
- Untreated negative controls:
- yes
- Negative solvent / vehicle controls:
- yes
- True negative controls:
- yes
- Positive controls:
- yes
- Positive control substance:
- other: 2-aminoanthracene; 2-AA
- Remarks:
- S. typhimurium: TA 100; TA 98; TA 1535; TA 1537 and E. coli WP2 uvrA with S-9
- Details on test system and experimental conditions:
- METHOD OF APPLICATION: in agar (plate incorporation); preincubation
DURATION
- Preincubation period: 20 min
- Exposure duration: 48 hours
NUMBER OF REPLICATIONS: 3
DETERMINATION OF CYTOTOXICITY
- Method: revertant colony number - Evaluation criteria:
- Evaluation of experimental data
The colony numbers on the control, positive control and the test plates were determined, the mean values and appropriate standard deviations were calculated.
The Mutation Factor was calculated by dividing the mean value of the revertant counts by the mean values of the solvent control (the exact and not the rounded values were used for this calculation).
Evaluation of Results
The test is considered acceptable if for each strain:
– the bacteria demonstrate their typical responses to crystal violet and ampicillin
– the control plates without S9 mix are within the historical control data range
– corresponding background growth on both negative control and test plates occurs
–the positive controls show a distinct enhancement over the control plate
A test item is considered mutagenic if:
– a dose–related increase in the number of revertants occur and/or
– a reproducible biologically relevant positive response for at least one of the dose groups occurs in at least one strain with or without metabolic activation.
A biologically relevant increase is described as follows:
– if in strain TA 100 the number of reversions is at least twice as high when compared to the spontaneous reversion rate of the solvent control plates,
– if in strains TA 98, TA 1535, TA 1537 and Escherichia coli WP2 uvrA the number of reversions is at least three times higher as compared to the spontaneous reversion rate of the solvent control plates.
According to the OECD guidelines, the biological relevance of the results is the criterion for the interpretation of results; a statistical evaluation of the results is not regarded as necessary.
A test item producing neither a dose related increase in the number of revertants nor a reproducible biologically relevant positive response at any of the test points is considered non-mutagenic in this system. - Statistics:
- The colony numbers on the control, positive control and the test plates were determined, the mean values and appropriate standard deviations were calculated.
The Mutation Factor was calculated by dividing the mean value of the revertant counts by the mean values of the solvent control (the exact and not the rounded values were used for this calculation).
Results and discussion
Test resultsopen allclose all
- Key result
- Species / strain:
- S. typhimurium TA 1535
- Metabolic activation:
- with and without
- Genotoxicity:
- negative
- Cytotoxicity / choice of top concentrations:
- cytotoxicity
- Vehicle controls validity:
- valid
- Untreated negative controls validity:
- valid
- Positive controls validity:
- valid
- Key result
- Species / strain:
- S. typhimurium TA 1537
- Metabolic activation:
- with and without
- Genotoxicity:
- negative
- Cytotoxicity / choice of top concentrations:
- cytotoxicity
- Vehicle controls validity:
- valid
- Untreated negative controls validity:
- valid
- Positive controls validity:
- valid
- Key result
- Species / strain:
- S. typhimurium TA 98
- Metabolic activation:
- with and without
- Genotoxicity:
- negative
- Cytotoxicity / choice of top concentrations:
- cytotoxicity
- Vehicle controls validity:
- valid
- Untreated negative controls validity:
- valid
- Positive controls validity:
- valid
- Key result
- Species / strain:
- S. typhimurium TA 100
- Metabolic activation:
- with and without
- Genotoxicity:
- negative
- Cytotoxicity / choice of top concentrations:
- cytotoxicity
- Vehicle controls validity:
- valid
- Untreated negative controls validity:
- valid
- Positive controls validity:
- valid
- Key result
- Species / strain:
- E. coli WP2 uvr A
- Metabolic activation:
- with and without
- Genotoxicity:
- negative
- Cytotoxicity / choice of top concentrations:
- no cytotoxicity nor precipitates, but tested up to recommended limit concentrations
- Vehicle controls validity:
- valid
- Untreated negative controls validity:
- valid
- Positive controls validity:
- valid
- Additional information on results:
- TEST-SPECIFIC CONFOUNDING FACTORS
- Other confounding effects: microdrops (not precipitate) were observed as colloidical chemical phenomenon at the concentrations of 5000.00 and 1581.14 µg/plate.
RANGE-FINDING/SCREENING STUDIES: Inhibitory, toxic effects of the test item were observed in all phases of the study. In experiment I the inhibitory effect was observed in all Salmonella typhimurium strains. The revertant colony numbers were reduced compared to the solvent control plates in presence of metabolic activation in S. typhimurium TA 98 and TA 1535 at the highest concentration level of 5000.00 g/plate, in S. typhimurium TA 100 in the concentration range of 5000.00-500.00 µg/plate, and in S. typhimurium TA 1537 in the concentration range of 5000.00-1581.14 µg/plate. The revertant colony numbers were also reduced without metabolic activation: In Salmonella typhimurium TA 100 in the concentrations of 5000.00 and 1581.14 µg/plate and in TA 1537 in the concentration range of 5000.00-158.11 µg/plate. Background lawn reduction was detected in TA 100 (+S9; at 5000.00 and 1581.14 µg/plate), in TA 1535 (+S9; at 5000.00 µg/plate) and in TA 1537 (+/-S9; at 5000.00, 1581.14 µg/plate). No inhibition was observed in Escherichia coli WP2uvrA. In the experiment II using the pre-incubation method, the inhibitory effect manifested much stronger. The pre-incubation method is more sensitive than the plate incorporation assay. The revertant colony numbers compared to the solvent control plates as well as the background lawn development were reduced and small pinpoint colonies appeared in the investigated Salmonella typhimurium strains.
The inhibition manifested stronger in the activation part (+S9) of the experiment at higher concentration levels (5000.00-158.11 µg/plate) with respect to the reduction of revertant colony numbers, but the inhibitory effect could be observed down to lower concentration levels in the non-activation part of the experiment in all cases. In the test strains Salmonella typhimurium TA100, TA 1535 and TA1537 the toxicity affected even the lowest concentration (5.00 µg/plate) while in case of TA 98 it was observable down to the concentration preceding the lowest concentration (15.81 µg/plate). No inhibition was observed in Escherichia coli WP2uvrA.
In the additional confirmatory mutation (experiment III) assay using the pre-incubation method the results of the experiment II were confirmed. The examined strains were inhibited without metabolic activation at the concentration range of 50.00-5.00 µg/plate. The inhibition manifested in reduction of revertant colony numbers, in reduction of background lawn development and in appearance of pinpoint colonies. At the lower concentrations no cytotoxic effects were noted.
HISTORICAL CONTROL DATA:
- Historical control values for spontaneous revertants per plate are as follows: (-S9) Salmonella typhimurium TA 98: 15-60, TA 100: 75-200, TA 1537: 3-30, TA 1535: 3-28 and Escherichia coli WP2 uvrA: 8-50.
Applicant's summary and conclusion
- Conclusions:
- Sika Hardener LH is considered to be non-mutagenic in this bacterial reverse mutation assay.
- Executive summary:
SIKA Hardener LH was assessed in an Ames test according to EU method B.13/14, OECD guideline 471 and EPA OPPTS 870.5100. Five bacterial strains, Salmonella typhimurium TA 98, TA 100, TA 1535, TA 1537 and Escherichia coli WP2 uvrA were tested in a plate incorporation test (experiment I) and a pre-incubation test (experiment II). Two independent experiments were run (Initial Mutation Assay and Confirmatory Mutation Assay) up to limit or cytotoxic concentrations, with and without metabolic activation (S9 mix). All assays, including controls, were tested in triplicate.
Inhibitory effects of treatment were observed in all phases of the study. In the experiment I the inhibitory effect appeared in reduction of spontaneous rate compared to the solvent control values (Salmonella typhimurium TA 98, TA 100, TA 1535 and TA 1537), and in background lawn reduction (Salmonella typhimurium TA 100, TA 1535 and TA 1537). In the experiment II revertant colony numbers compared to the solvent control plates as well as the background lawn development were reduced and small pinpoint colonies appeared in the investigated Salmonella typhimurium strains. Reduction of revertant colony numbers was pronounced at high concentration levels (5000.00-158.11 µg/plate) with metabolic activation, but observed down to lower concentrations in non-activated treatments. In test strains Salmonella typhimurium TA100, TA 1535 and TA1537 cytotoxic effects were observed even at lowest concentrations (5.00 µg/plate) and for TA 98 observed down to 15.81 µg/plate. No cytotoxic effects were observed in Escherichia coli WP2uvrA. In the additional confirmatory mutation (experiment III) assay using the pre-incubation method the results of the experiment II were confirmed. Cytotoxic effects were observed at concentrations of 50.00-5.00 µg/plate without metabolic activation. At the lower concentrations no cytotoxic effects were noted.
No substantial increases in revertant colony numbers of any of the five test strains were observed following treatment with SIKA Hardener LH at any concentration level, either in the presence or absence of metabolic activation (S9 mix) in the performed experiments. Sporadic increases in revertant colony numbers compared to the solvent control values were observed in all experimental phases of the study. However, there was also no tendency of higher mutation rates with increasing concentrations in the range beyond the generally acknowledged border of biological relevance in the performed experiment. The revertant colony numbers of solvent control plates without S9 mix were within the historical control data range. The reference mutagens showed a distinct increase of induced revertant colonies.
The data of this mutagenicity assay show that under the experimental conditions reported, the test item did not induce gene mutations by base pair changes or frameshifts in the genome of the strains used. Therefore, SIKA Hardener LH was considered non-mutagenic in this bacterial reverse mutation assay.
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