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Please be aware that this old REACH registration data factsheet is no longer maintained; it remains frozen as of 19th May 2023.
The new ECHA CHEM database has been released by ECHA, and it now contains all REACH registration data. There are more details on the transition of ECHA's published data to ECHA CHEM here.
Diss Factsheets
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EC number: 922-178-7 | CAS number: -
- Life Cycle description
- Uses advised against
- Endpoint summary
- Appearance / physical state / colour
- Melting point / freezing point
- Boiling point
- Density
- Particle size distribution (Granulometry)
- Vapour pressure
- Partition coefficient
- Water solubility
- Solubility in organic solvents / fat solubility
- Surface tension
- Flash point
- Auto flammability
- Flammability
- Explosiveness
- Oxidising properties
- Oxidation reduction potential
- Stability in organic solvents and identity of relevant degradation products
- Storage stability and reactivity towards container material
- Stability: thermal, sunlight, metals
- pH
- Dissociation constant
- Viscosity
- Additional physico-chemical information
- Additional physico-chemical properties of nanomaterials
- Nanomaterial agglomeration / aggregation
- Nanomaterial crystalline phase
- Nanomaterial crystallite and grain size
- Nanomaterial aspect ratio / shape
- Nanomaterial specific surface area
- Nanomaterial Zeta potential
- Nanomaterial surface chemistry
- Nanomaterial dustiness
- Nanomaterial porosity
- Nanomaterial pour density
- Nanomaterial photocatalytic activity
- Nanomaterial radical formation potential
- Nanomaterial catalytic activity
- Endpoint summary
- Stability
- Biodegradation
- Bioaccumulation
- Transport and distribution
- Environmental data
- Additional information on environmental fate and behaviour
- Ecotoxicological Summary
- Aquatic toxicity
- Endpoint summary
- Short-term toxicity to fish
- Long-term toxicity to fish
- Short-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Long-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Toxicity to aquatic algae and cyanobacteria
- Toxicity to aquatic plants other than algae
- Toxicity to microorganisms
- Endocrine disrupter testing in aquatic vertebrates – in vivo
- Toxicity to other aquatic organisms
- Sediment toxicity
- Terrestrial toxicity
- Biological effects monitoring
- Biotransformation and kinetics
- Additional ecotoxological information
- Toxicological Summary
- Toxicokinetics, metabolism and distribution
- Acute Toxicity
- Irritation / corrosion
- Sensitisation
- Repeated dose toxicity
- Genetic toxicity
- Carcinogenicity
- Toxicity to reproduction
- Specific investigations
- Exposure related observations in humans
- Toxic effects on livestock and pets
- Additional toxicological data
Toxicological Summary
- Administrative data
- Workers - Hazard via inhalation route
- Workers - Hazard via dermal route
- Workers - Hazard for the eyes
- Additional information - workers
- General Population - Hazard via inhalation route
- General Population - Hazard via dermal route
- General Population - Hazard via oral route
- General Population - Hazard for the eyes
- Additional information - General Population
Administrative data
Workers - Hazard via inhalation route
Systemic effects
Acute/short term exposure
- Hazard assessment conclusion:
- DNEL (Derived No Effect Level)
- Value:
- 7.84 mg/m³
- Most sensitive endpoint:
- effect on fertility
DNEL related information
- Overall assessment factor (AF):
- 225
- Modified dose descriptor starting point:
- NOAEC
Local effects
Acute/short term exposure
DNEL related information
Workers - Hazard via dermal route
Systemic effects
Acute/short term exposure
- Hazard assessment conclusion:
- DNEL (Derived No Effect Level)
- Value:
- 1.11 mg/kg bw/day
- Most sensitive endpoint:
- effect on fertility
DNEL related information
- Overall assessment factor (AF):
- 900
- Modified dose descriptor starting point:
- NOAEL
Workers - Hazard for the eyes
Additional information - workers
No DNEL is required for oral exposure of workers since no significant exposure occurs by this route for trained workers (who do not smoke, eat or drink when manipulating chemicals). No DNELs are required for acute toxic effects, sensitization, irritation and mutagenic effects because the substance does not possess these properties and long-term DNELs are sufficient to cover systemic effects, as a worst-case. Furthermore most of these DNELs can not be calculated with the available qualitative or single-dose data. No additional assessment factor for route-to-route extrapolation has been used when deriving dermal and inhalation DNELs from data obtained in oral studies. Indeed, the dermal absorption by oral route is considered to be at least as high as absorption by dermal and respiratory routes (2 routes by which absorption is expected to be virtually null). The oral route is therefore an extreme worst-case situation in terms of absorption and the DNELs derived from oral data can be considered as being very conservative. For the long-term exposure, the dermal DNEL and inhalation DNEL are extrapolated from oral route according to the NOAEL = 1000 mg/kg bw/day obtained from the reproductive toxicity/fertility impairment. For the inhalation route, NOAELextrapolated = NOAELoral/breathing volume of 0.38 m3/kg bw over 8 hours X 6.7 m3/10 m3 due to physical activity of workers. For the dermal route, an assessment factor of 900 is applied and is justified as followed: - interspecies, allometric scaling factor = 4 - interspecies, remaining differences= 2.5 - Exposure duration subacute (28 days) to chronic = 6 (the absence of increase in toxicity with longer treatment duration may be due to unreached toxic level). - reliability of the dose-response data = 1 (NOAELs availables, no severe effect) - quality of the complete endpoint-specific database = 3 for the effects on fertility (screening test, no pairing of animals). For the inhalation route, an assessment factor of 225 is applied and is justified as followed: - interspecies, allometric scaling factor = 1 (scaling included in corrected dose descriptor) - interspecies, remaining differences= 2.5 - Exposure duration subacute (28 days) to chronic = 6 (the absence of increase in toxicity with longer treatment duration may be due to unreached toxic level). - reliability of the dose-response data = 1 (NOAELs availables, no severe effect) - quality of the complete endpoint-specific database = 3 for the effects on fertility (screening test, no pairing of animals). |
General Population - Hazard via inhalation route
Systemic effects
Acute/short term exposure
DNEL related information
Local effects
Acute/short term exposure
DNEL related information
General Population - Hazard via dermal route
Systemic effects
Acute/short term exposure
DNEL related information
General Population - Hazard via oral route
Systemic effects
Acute/short term exposure
DNEL related information
General Population - Hazard for the eyes
Additional information - General Population
No assessment and notably no DNEL is required for the general public, as the latter is only exposed to the substances via the use of final cosmetic products. Assessment of human health effects for such exposure is not required by REACH. |
Information on Registered Substances comes from registration dossiers which have been assigned a registration number. The assignment of a registration number does however not guarantee that the information in the dossier is correct or that the dossier is compliant with Regulation (EC) No 1907/2006 (the REACH Regulation). This information has not been reviewed or verified by the Agency or any other authority. The content is subject to change without prior notice.
Reproduction or further distribution of this information may be subject to copyright protection. Use of the information without obtaining the permission from the owner(s) of the respective information might violate the rights of the owner.