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EC number: 201-325-2 | CAS number: 81-11-8
- Life Cycle description
- Uses advised against
- Endpoint summary
- Appearance / physical state / colour
- Melting point / freezing point
- Boiling point
- Density
- Particle size distribution (Granulometry)
- Vapour pressure
- Partition coefficient
- Water solubility
- Solubility in organic solvents / fat solubility
- Surface tension
- Flash point
- Auto flammability
- Flammability
- Explosiveness
- Oxidising properties
- Oxidation reduction potential
- Stability in organic solvents and identity of relevant degradation products
- Storage stability and reactivity towards container material
- Stability: thermal, sunlight, metals
- pH
- Dissociation constant
- Viscosity
- Additional physico-chemical information
- Additional physico-chemical properties of nanomaterials
- Nanomaterial agglomeration / aggregation
- Nanomaterial crystalline phase
- Nanomaterial crystallite and grain size
- Nanomaterial aspect ratio / shape
- Nanomaterial specific surface area
- Nanomaterial Zeta potential
- Nanomaterial surface chemistry
- Nanomaterial dustiness
- Nanomaterial porosity
- Nanomaterial pour density
- Nanomaterial photocatalytic activity
- Nanomaterial radical formation potential
- Nanomaterial catalytic activity
- Endpoint summary
- Stability
- Biodegradation
- Bioaccumulation
- Transport and distribution
- Environmental data
- Additional information on environmental fate and behaviour
- Ecotoxicological Summary
- Aquatic toxicity
- Endpoint summary
- Short-term toxicity to fish
- Long-term toxicity to fish
- Short-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Long-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Toxicity to aquatic algae and cyanobacteria
- Toxicity to aquatic plants other than algae
- Toxicity to microorganisms
- Endocrine disrupter testing in aquatic vertebrates – in vivo
- Toxicity to other aquatic organisms
- Sediment toxicity
- Terrestrial toxicity
- Biological effects monitoring
- Biotransformation and kinetics
- Additional ecotoxological information
- Toxicological Summary
- Toxicokinetics, metabolism and distribution
- Acute Toxicity
- Irritation / corrosion
- Sensitisation
- Repeated dose toxicity
- Genetic toxicity
- Carcinogenicity
- Toxicity to reproduction
- Specific investigations
- Exposure related observations in humans
- Toxic effects on livestock and pets
- Additional toxicological data
Endpoint summary
Administrative data
Key value for chemical safety assessment
Genetic toxicity in vitro
Description of key information
Bacterial Reverse Mutation Assay
The given test chemical failed to induced mutation in Salmonella strains TA1535, TA1537, TA98, and TA100 in the presence and absence of S9 metabolic activation system and hence, it is not likely to be mutagenic.
Link to relevant study records
- Endpoint:
- in vitro gene mutation study in bacteria
- Type of information:
- experimental study
- Adequacy of study:
- key study
- Reliability:
- 2 (reliable with restrictions)
- Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:
- data from handbook or collection of data
- Justification for type of information:
- Data is from publication.
- Qualifier:
- equivalent or similar to guideline
- Guideline:
- OECD Guideline 471 (Bacterial Reverse Mutation Assay)
- Principles of method if other than guideline:
- Bacterial Reverse Mutation Assay was performed for the given test chemical.
- GLP compliance:
- not specified
- Type of assay:
- bacterial reverse mutation assay
- Target gene:
- Histidine
- Species / strain / cell type:
- S. typhimurium TA 1535, TA 1537, TA 98 and TA 100
- Details on mammalian cell type (if applicable):
- not specified
- Additional strain / cell type characteristics:
- not specified
- Metabolic activation:
- with and without
- Metabolic activation system:
- Male Sprague-Dawley rats and male Syrian hamsters were routinely used for the preparation of the liver fractions
- Test concentrations with justification for top dose:
- 0, 100.0, 333.0, 1000.0, 3333.0, 5000.0 ug/Plate
- Vehicle / solvent:
- - Vehicle(s)/solvent(s) used: 95% Ethanol
- Justification for choice of solvent/vehicle: Test chemical was soluble in 95% Ethanol - Untreated negative controls:
- not specified
- Negative solvent / vehicle controls:
- yes
- Remarks:
- 95% Ethanol
- True negative controls:
- not specified
- Positive controls:
- yes
- Positive control substance:
- 9-aminoacridine
- sodium azide
- other: 2-Aminoanthracene (0.75 ug/Plate and 1.5 ug/Plate) and 4-Nitro-O-Phenylenediamine (12.0 ug/Plate)
- Details on test system and experimental conditions:
- METHOD OF TREATMENT/ EXPOSURE:
- Cell density at seeding (if applicable): No data
- Test substance added in medium
TREATMENT AND HARVEST SCHEDULE:
- Preincubation period, if applicable: 37°C for 20 min
- Exposure duration/duration of treatment: 48 hr.
- Harvest time after the end of treatment (sampling/recovery times): No data - Evaluation criteria:
- The criteria used for data evaluation were the same as those described previously [Haworth et al, 19831, and are summarized as follows: 1) mutagenic response: a dose-related, reproducible increase in the number of revertants over background, even if the increase was less than twofold; 2) nomutagenic response: when no increase in the number of revertants was elicited by the chemical; 3) questionable response: when there was an absence of a clear-cut dose-related increase in revertants; when the dose-related increases in the number of revertants were not reproducible; or when the response was of insufficient magnitude to support a determination of mutagenicity
- Statistics:
- No data
- Species / strain:
- S. typhimurium, other: TA1535, TA1537, TA98, and TA100
- Metabolic activation:
- with and without
- Genotoxicity:
- negative
- Cytotoxicity / choice of top concentrations:
- not specified
- Vehicle controls validity:
- valid
- Untreated negative controls validity:
- not specified
- True negative controls validity:
- not specified
- Positive controls validity:
- valid
- Additional information on results:
- RANGE-FINDING/SCREENING STUDIES (if applicable): Chemical was initially tested with strain TA100 in the presence and the absence of the metabolic activation systems, over a wide dose range with an upper limit of 10 mgjplate, or less when solubility problems were encountered. Toxicity was evidenced by one or more of the following phenomena: appearance of hispinpoint colonies, reduced numbers of revertant colonies per plate, or thinning or absence of the bacterial lawn. Nontoxic chemicals were tested in the initial experiment up to the 10 mg/plate dose level, or to a level determined by their solubility. Toxic chemicals were tested up to a high dose which exhibited some degree of toxicity. As a rule, at least one toxic dose was incorporated into the first mutagenicity test; the repeat test(s) occasionally had the doses adjusted so that an apparent toxic dose was not reached.
- Remarks on result:
- other: No mutagenic potential
- Conclusions:
- The given test chemical failed to induced mutation in Salmonella strains TA1535, TA1537, TA98, and TA100 in the presence and absence of S9 metabolic activation system and hence, it is not likely to be mutagenic.
- Executive summary:
Bacterial Reverse Mutation Assay was performed for the given test chemical as per OECD Guideline 471 in S. typhimurium TA 1535, TA 1537, TA 98 and TA 100 with or without S9 metabolic activation system extracted from Male Sprague-Dawley rats and male Syrian hamsters at concentrations of 0, 100.0, 333.0, 1000.0, 3333.0, 5000.0 ug/Plate. 95% Ethanol was used as a negative control. 2-Aminoanthracene, Sodium Azide, 9-Aminoacridine and 4-Nitro-O-Phenylenediamine were used as positive controls. Test was performed by preincubation assay. The criteria used for data evaluation were the same as those described previously [Haworth et al, 19831, and are summarized as follows: 1) mutagenic response: a dose-related, reproducible increase in the number of revertants over background, even if the increase was less than twofold; 2) nomutagenic response: when no increase in the number of revertants was elicited by the chemical; 3) questionable response: when there was an absence of a clear-cut dose-related increase in revertants; when the dose-related increases in the number of revertants were not reproducible; or when the response was of insufficient magnitude to support a determination of mutagenicity. The given test chemical failed to induced mutation in Salmonella strains TA1535, TA1537, TA98, and TA100 in the presence and absence of S9 metabolic activation system and hence, it is not likely to be mutagenic.
Reference
Endpoint conclusion
- Endpoint conclusion:
- no study available
Genetic toxicity in vivo
Endpoint conclusion
- Endpoint conclusion:
- no study available
Additional information
Bacterial Reverse Mutation Assay was performed for the given test chemical as per OECD Guideline 471 in S. typhimurium TA 1535, TA 1537, TA 98 and TA 100 with or without S9 metabolic activation system extracted from Male Sprague-Dawley rats and male Syrian hamsters at concentrations of 0, 100.0, 333.0, 1000.0, 3333.0, 5000.0 ug/Plate. 95% Ethanol was used as a negative control. 2-Aminoanthracene, Sodium Azide, 9-Aminoacridine and 4-Nitro-O-Phenylenediamine were used as positive controls. Test was performed by preincubation assay. The criteria used for data evaluation were the same as those described previously [Haworth et al, 19831, and are summarized as follows: 1) mutagenic response: a dose-related, reproducible increase in the number of revertants over background, even if the increase was less than twofold; 2) nomutagenic response: when no increase in the number of revertants was elicited by the chemical; 3) questionable response: when there was an absence of a clear-cut dose-related increase in revertants; when the dose-related increases in the number of revertants were not reproducible; or when the response was of insufficient magnitude to support a determination of mutagenicity. The given test chemical failed to induced mutation in Salmonella strains TA1535, TA1537, TA98, and TA100 in the presence and absence of S9 metabolic activation system and hence, it is not likely to be mutagenic.
Justification for classification or non-classification
The given test chemical failed to induced mutation in Salmonella strains TA1535, TA1537, TA98, and TA100 in the presence and absence of S9 metabolic activation system and hence, it is not likely to be mutagenic.
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