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EC number: 222-904-6 | CAS number: 3658-48-8
- Life Cycle description
- Uses advised against
- Endpoint summary
- Appearance / physical state / colour
- Melting point / freezing point
- Boiling point
- Density
- Particle size distribution (Granulometry)
- Vapour pressure
- Partition coefficient
- Water solubility
- Solubility in organic solvents / fat solubility
- Surface tension
- Flash point
- Auto flammability
- Flammability
- Explosiveness
- Oxidising properties
- Oxidation reduction potential
- Stability in organic solvents and identity of relevant degradation products
- Storage stability and reactivity towards container material
- Stability: thermal, sunlight, metals
- pH
- Dissociation constant
- Viscosity
- Additional physico-chemical information
- Additional physico-chemical properties of nanomaterials
- Nanomaterial agglomeration / aggregation
- Nanomaterial crystalline phase
- Nanomaterial crystallite and grain size
- Nanomaterial aspect ratio / shape
- Nanomaterial specific surface area
- Nanomaterial Zeta potential
- Nanomaterial surface chemistry
- Nanomaterial dustiness
- Nanomaterial porosity
- Nanomaterial pour density
- Nanomaterial photocatalytic activity
- Nanomaterial radical formation potential
- Nanomaterial catalytic activity
- Endpoint summary
- Stability
- Biodegradation
- Bioaccumulation
- Transport and distribution
- Environmental data
- Additional information on environmental fate and behaviour
- Ecotoxicological Summary
- Aquatic toxicity
- Endpoint summary
- Short-term toxicity to fish
- Long-term toxicity to fish
- Short-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Long-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Toxicity to aquatic algae and cyanobacteria
- Toxicity to aquatic plants other than algae
- Toxicity to microorganisms
- Endocrine disrupter testing in aquatic vertebrates – in vivo
- Toxicity to other aquatic organisms
- Sediment toxicity
- Terrestrial toxicity
- Biological effects monitoring
- Biotransformation and kinetics
- Additional ecotoxological information
- Toxicological Summary
- Toxicokinetics, metabolism and distribution
- Acute Toxicity
- Irritation / corrosion
- Sensitisation
- Repeated dose toxicity
- Genetic toxicity
- Carcinogenicity
- Toxicity to reproduction
- Specific investigations
- Exposure related observations in humans
- Toxic effects on livestock and pets
- Additional toxicological data
Eye irritation
Administrative data
- Endpoint:
- eye irritation: in vitro / ex vivo
- Type of information:
- experimental study
- Adequacy of study:
- key study
- Study period:
- 21 Nov 2017 - 22 Jan 2018
- Reliability:
- 1 (reliable without restriction)
- Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:
- guideline study
Data source
Reference
- Reference Type:
- study report
- Title:
- Unnamed
- Year:
- 2 018
- Report date:
- 2018
Materials and methods
Test guidelineopen allclose all
- Qualifier:
- according to guideline
- Guideline:
- OECD Guideline 492 (Reconstructed Human Cornea-like Epithelium (RhCE) Test Method for Identifying Chemicals Not Requiring Classification and Labelling for Eye Irritation or Serious Eye Damage)
- Version / remarks:
- 28 July 2015
- Deviations:
- no
- Qualifier:
- according to guideline
- Guideline:
- other: EURL ECVAM DB-ALM Method Summary No. 164: EpiOcular™ Eye Irritation Test - Summary
- Version / remarks:
- 22 July 2015
- Qualifier:
- according to guideline
- Guideline:
- other: EpiOcular™ Eye Irritation Test (OCL-200-EIT) For the prediction of acute ocular irritation of chemicals For use with MatTek Corporation’s Reconstructed Human EpiOcular™ Model
- Version / remarks:
- 29 June 2015
- GLP compliance:
- yes (incl. QA statement)
- Remarks:
- GLP-Landesleitstelle Bayer, Bayerisches Landesamt für Gesundheit und Lebensmittelsicherheit, Germany
Test material
- Reference substance name:
- Bis(2-ethylhexyl) phosphonate
- EC Number:
- 222-904-6
- EC Name:
- Bis(2-ethylhexyl) phosphonate
- Cas Number:
- 3658-48-8
- Molecular formula:
- C16H35O3P
- IUPAC Name:
- bis(2-ethylhexyl) phosphonate
- Test material form:
- liquid
Constituent 1
Test animals / tissue source
- Species:
- human
- Strain:
- other: Construct of normal human epidermal keratinocytes
- Details on test animals or tissues and environmental conditions:
- - Justification of the test method and considerations regarding applicability
The EpiOcular™ human cell construct for eye irritation testing is a nonkeratinized epithelium prepared from normal human keratinocytes (MatTek Corporation). It models the corneal epithelium with progressively stratified, but not cornified cells. The ability to expose the tissue topically is essential to model the same kind of progressive injury expected in vivo. In this assay, the test item is applied to the surface of the corneal epithelial construct for a fixed period, removed, and the tissue allowed to express the resulting damage. Two construct tissues (replicates) are used for each test treatment and each control group; a 6-h exposure with an 18 hour incubation post-exposure. Relative tissue viability post-exposure is determined against the negative control-treated constructs by evaluating the reduction of MTT to a formazan product, determined spectrophotometrically (optical density). A concurrent positive control is used with each assay to determine validity of the test. Based on the "depth of injury model," the EpiOcular eye irritation test (EIT) is intended to differentiate those materials that are nonirritants (would not require a warning label in the European chemical classification systems) from those that would require labelling as either GHS eye irritant category 1 or 2.
- Description of the cell system used, incl. certificate of authenticity and the mycoplasma status of the cell live The EpiOcular™ human cell construct for eye irritation testing (OCL-200-EIT) (Lot No. 27017) was obtained from MatTek Corporation, and tested by MatTek for potential bilogical contaminants, sterility, barrier function and tissue viability, results for which were within acceptable ranges and indicated appropriate formation of the mucosal barrier and a viable basal cell layer.
Test system
- Vehicle:
- unchanged (no vehicle)
- Controls:
- yes, concurrent positive control
- yes, concurrent negative control
- Amount / concentration applied:
- TEST MATERIAL
- Amount(s) applied (volume or weight with unit): 50 µL (undiluted)
NEGATIVE CONTROL
- Amount(s) applied: 50 μL
- Lot/batch no.: RNBF7110
POSITIVE CONTROL
- Amount(s) applied: 50 μL
- Lot/batch no.: S694311 - Duration of treatment / exposure:
- 30 ± 2 min
- Duration of post- treatment incubation (in vitro):
- 120 ± 15 min
- Number of animals or in vitro replicates:
- Duplicate tissues for each treatment, positive and negative control groups
- Details on study design:
- - Details of the test procedure used: EpiOcular™ was transferred to plates containing assay medium and incubated for 1 h, followed by transferring out the assay medium, adding fresh assay medium, and pre-incubating 16-24 hours at 37°C, in a humidified atmosphere of 5% CO2. After preincubation, the tissues were pre-treated by wetting with DPBS and incubated at standard culture conditions for 30 ± 2 minutes. The tissues were treated with each dose group in duplicate, starting with the negative and positive control. The cultures were incubated for 30 ± 2 minutes at 37°C, 5.0% CO2 / 95% air. After the exposure time, tissues were rinsed with DPBS to remove any residual test material. After rinsing, the tissues were immediately transferred to and immersed in assay medium for a 12 ± 2 minutes immersion incubation (post-soak). The tissues were then returned to assay medium, and post-incubated for an additional 120 ± 15 minutes at 37°C, 5.0% CO2 / 95% air. Then the cultures were transferred to 0.3 mL/well of MTT reagent and incubated for 180 ± 10 minutes. After incubation, the cultures were transferred to new tissue well-plates, and extracted in 2 mL of isopropanol, the extraction plates were sealed to inhibit isopropanol evaporation and carried out after storage overnight in the dark at 2 - 8 °C. Then the extracts were mixed to obtain homogeneous solutions, and duplicate volumes of 200 μL of each extraction solution were transferred to a 96-well plate and their optical density (ODs at 570± 30 nm) were recorded, while 200 μL of isopropanol was used as the blank.
- RhCE tissue construct used, including batch number: Epiocular™ (OCL-200, OCL-212); Test Kit name: OCL-200 kit, OCL-212 kit (manufactured by MatTek Corporation); Lot number: 27017.
- Doses of test chemical and control substances used: test material: 50 μL of test substance (undiluted); negative control: 50 μL of distilled water; positive control: 50 μL of Methyl acetate.
- Duration and temperature of exposure, post-exposure immersion and post-exposure incubation periods: Exposure: 30 ± 2 minutes at 37°C, 5.0% CO2 / 95% air; Postexposure immersion: 12 ± 2 minutes not further specified; Post-exposure incubation: 120 ± 15 minutes at 37°C, 5.0% CO2 / 95% air.
- Indication of controls used for direct MTT-reducers and/or colouring test chemicals: The test substance was tested for tissue-binding in assay medium without MTT, with resultant staining being below 60%. Therefore mean cell viability of the test substance group was reduced by the mean staining ratio. The test substance was tested for direct MTT-reduction and results were negative.
- Number of tissue replicates used per test chemical and controls: Two replicates per treatment: test substance, positive and negative controls.
- Wavelength and band pass used for quantifying MTT formazan, and linearity range of measuring device (e.g. spectrophotometer): Wavelength of 570 ± 30 nm, measured on a spectrophotometer.
- Acceptable variability between tissue replicates for positive and negative controls: OD in the negative control substance group is > 0.8 and < 2.5. The cell viability in the positive control substance group is < 50%.
- Acceptable variability between tissue replicates for the test chemical: Differences of two tissue cell viabilities in each treatment group (test material, positive control, negative control) are < 20%.
Results and discussion
In vitro
Results
- Irritation parameter:
- other: % tissue viability
- Run / experiment:
- two tissue replicates per treatment
- Value:
- ca. 17.9
- Vehicle controls validity:
- not applicable
- Negative controls validity:
- valid
- Positive controls validity:
- valid
- Remarks on result:
- positive indication of irritation
- Other effects / acceptance of results:
- OTHER EFFECTS:
The mixture of 50 µL test item per 1 mL MTT medium showed no reduction of MTT as compared to the solvent. The mixture did not turn blue/purple. Therefore, NSMTT equalled 0%.
The mixture of 50 mg test item per 1 mL A. dest. and per 2 mL isopropanol showed no colouring as compared to the solvent. Therefore, NSCliving equalled 0%.
ACCEPTANCE OF RESULTS:
The controls confirmed the validity of the study. The mean absolute OD570 of the two negative control tissues was > 0.8 and < 2.5 (1.904%). The mean relative tissue viability (% negative control) of the positive control was < 50% (2.0%). The inter tissue difference of replicate tissues of all dose groups was < 20% (0.3 – 10.3%).
Any other information on results incl. tables
Table 1: Result of the Test Item
Name |
Negative Control |
Positive Control |
Test Item |
|||
Tissue |
1 |
2 |
1 |
2 |
1 |
2 |
OD570values(blank-corrected) |
1.720 |
1.959 |
0.040 |
0.035 |
0.407 |
0.274 |
1.808 |
1.952 |
0.040 |
0.032 |
0.384 |
0.263 |
|
mean of the duplicates |
1.764 |
1.956 |
0.040 |
0.034 |
0.396 |
0.268 |
mean OD |
1.860* |
0.037 |
0.332 |
|||
mean sd OD |
0.116 |
0.004 |
0.074 |
|||
tissue viability [%] |
94.9 |
105.1 |
2.1 |
1.8 |
21.3 |
14.4 |
relative tissue viability difference [%]*** |
10.3 |
0.3 |
6.8 |
|||
mean tissue viability [%] |
100.0 |
2.0** |
17.9 |
* Corrected mean OD570of the negative control corresponds to 100% absolute tissueviability
** mean relative tissue viability of the positive control is <50%
*** relative tissue viability difference of replicate tissues is <20%
Table 3: Test AcceptanceCriteria
|
Value |
Cut off |
pass/fail |
Mean Absolute OD570nmNK |
1.904 |
0.8 < NK < 2.5 |
pass |
Mean Relative Viability PC [%] |
2.0 |
< 50% |
pass |
Max. Difference of % Viability [%] |
10.3 |
< 20% |
pass |
Applicant's summary and conclusion
- Interpretation of results:
- other: irritating potential (Eye Irrit. 2 or Eye Dam. 1 according to Regulation (EC) No 1272/2008)
- Conclusions:
- CLP: Category 2
Under the conditions of the test, the test substance was shown to have an irritating or corrosive potential towards reconstructed human epidermis tissue in the EpiOcular™ EIT prediction model. The result does not allow for the classification of the test substance as irritant or corrosive and therefore further evaluation and/or data generation is required. In a further BCOP test it was shown that the test substance has no corrosive potential therefore it can be concluded that the test substance is Eye Irrit. 2 according to Regulation (EC) No 1272/2008
Information on Registered Substances comes from registration dossiers which have been assigned a registration number. The assignment of a registration number does however not guarantee that the information in the dossier is correct or that the dossier is compliant with Regulation (EC) No 1907/2006 (the REACH Regulation). This information has not been reviewed or verified by the Agency or any other authority. The content is subject to change without prior notice.
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