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EC number: 305-897-5 | CAS number: 95193-83-2
- Life Cycle description
- Uses advised against
- Endpoint summary
- Appearance / physical state / colour
- Melting point / freezing point
- Boiling point
- Density
- Particle size distribution (Granulometry)
- Vapour pressure
- Partition coefficient
- Water solubility
- Solubility in organic solvents / fat solubility
- Surface tension
- Flash point
- Auto flammability
- Flammability
- Explosiveness
- Oxidising properties
- Oxidation reduction potential
- Stability in organic solvents and identity of relevant degradation products
- Storage stability and reactivity towards container material
- Stability: thermal, sunlight, metals
- pH
- Dissociation constant
- Viscosity
- Additional physico-chemical information
- Additional physico-chemical properties of nanomaterials
- Nanomaterial agglomeration / aggregation
- Nanomaterial crystalline phase
- Nanomaterial crystallite and grain size
- Nanomaterial aspect ratio / shape
- Nanomaterial specific surface area
- Nanomaterial Zeta potential
- Nanomaterial surface chemistry
- Nanomaterial dustiness
- Nanomaterial porosity
- Nanomaterial pour density
- Nanomaterial photocatalytic activity
- Nanomaterial radical formation potential
- Nanomaterial catalytic activity
- Endpoint summary
- Stability
- Biodegradation
- Bioaccumulation
- Transport and distribution
- Environmental data
- Additional information on environmental fate and behaviour
- Ecotoxicological Summary
- Aquatic toxicity
- Endpoint summary
- Short-term toxicity to fish
- Long-term toxicity to fish
- Short-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Long-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Toxicity to aquatic algae and cyanobacteria
- Toxicity to aquatic plants other than algae
- Toxicity to microorganisms
- Endocrine disrupter testing in aquatic vertebrates – in vivo
- Toxicity to other aquatic organisms
- Sediment toxicity
- Terrestrial toxicity
- Biological effects monitoring
- Biotransformation and kinetics
- Additional ecotoxological information
- Toxicological Summary
- Toxicokinetics, metabolism and distribution
- Acute Toxicity
- Irritation / corrosion
- Sensitisation
- Repeated dose toxicity
- Genetic toxicity
- Carcinogenicity
- Toxicity to reproduction
- Specific investigations
- Exposure related observations in humans
- Toxic effects on livestock and pets
- Additional toxicological data
Specific investigations: other studies
Administrative data
Link to relevant study record(s)
Description of key information
The substance does not show any significant effect on activity and attention in children.
Additional information
EFSA Panel on Food Additives and Nutrient Sources added to Food (EFSA, 2008) reported a study on the influence of synthetic colours plus preservative sodium benzoate on children’s behaviour. The study involved 153 3-year old and 144 8- to 9-year old children, selected to represent a broad range of behaviour in the general population including children with normal to high-level behavioural activity. Children who were medicated for Attention-Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) were not included. A Global Hyperactivity Aggregate (GHA) score was the main outcome of the study, this parameter was based on aggregated z-scores of observed behaviours and ratings by teachers, class room observers and parents, plus, for 8- to 9-year old children, a computerised test of attention. Children were exposed to two different mixes of synthetic colours and a placebo control: mix B contained the substance and in addition E110 Sunset Yellow FCF, E122 Carmoisine, E129 Allura Red AC and sodium benzoate. Mix B had no effect on GHA scores in 3-year old children as compared to the placebo control GHA scores. For the 8- to 9-year old children Mix B was reported to have a significant effect on GHA scores. EFSA Panel (EFSA, 2008) concluded that the study provided limited evidence that the two different mixtures of synthetic colours and sodium benzoate tested had a statistically significant effect on activity and attention in children. Since mixtures and not individual additives were tested, it is not possible to ascribe the observed effects to any of the individual compounds. Furthermore, the clinical significance of the observed effects also remains unclear.
EFSA, 2008. Scientific Opinion of the Panel on Food Additives, Flavourings, Processing Aids and Food Contact Materials (AFC). Assessment of the results of the study by McCann et al. (2007) on the effect of some colours and sodium benzoate on children’s behaviour. The EFSA Journal (2008) 660, 1-54.
Information on Registered Substances comes from registration dossiers which have been assigned a registration number. The assignment of a registration number does however not guarantee that the information in the dossier is correct or that the dossier is compliant with Regulation (EC) No 1907/2006 (the REACH Regulation). This information has not been reviewed or verified by the Agency or any other authority. The content is subject to change without prior notice.
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