4,4'-Isopropylidenediphenol, polymer with 1-chloro-2,3-epoxypropane, propane-1,2-diol acrylate and succinic anhydride

Biodegradation in water: screening tests

Link to relevant study record(s)

Reference

Endpoint:

biodegradation in water: ready biodegradability

Type of information:

experimental study

Adequacy of study:

key study

Study period:

Frim 11 July, 2012 to 09 August, 2012

Reliability:

1 (reliable without restriction)

Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:

guideline study

Qualifier:

according to guideline

Guideline:

OECD Guideline 301 B (Ready Biodegradability: CO2 Evolution Test)

Deviations:

no

Qualifier:

according to guideline

Guideline:

EU Method C.4-C (Determination of the "Ready" Biodegradability - Carbon Dioxide Evolution Test)

Qualifier:

according to guideline

Guideline:

ISO DIS 9439 (Ultimate Aerobic Biodegradability - Method by Analysis of Released Carbon Dioxide)

Qualifier:

according to guideline

Guideline:

other: ISO Standard 10634 "Water Quality - Guidance for the preparation and treatment of poorly water-soluble organic compounds for the subsequent evaluation of their biodegradability in an aqueous medium" (1995).

GLP compliance:

yes

Oxygen conditions:

aerobic

Inoculum or test system:

activated sludge, domestic (adaptation not specified)

Details on inoculum:

Source: The source of test organisms was activated sludge freshly obtained from a municipal sewage treatment plant: 'Waterschap Aa en Maas', 's-Hertogenbosch, The Netherlands, receiving predominantly domestic sewage.

Treatment: The freshly obtained sludge was kept under continuous aeration until further treatment. The concentration of suspended solids was 2.9 g/l in the concentrated sludge (information obtained from the municipal sewage treatment plant). Before use, the sludge was allowed to settle (50 minutes) and the supernatant liquid was used as inoculum at the amount of 10 ml/l of mineral medium.

Duration of test (contact time):

ca. 28 d

Initial conc.:

18.5 mg/L

Based on:

test mat.

Parameter followed for biodegradation estimation:

CO2 evolution

Details on study design:

TEST CONDITIONS
- Composition of medium:
1 litre mineral medium contains: 10 ml of solution (A), 1 ml of solutions (B) to (D) and Milli-RO water
Stock solutions of mineral components
A) 8.50 g KH2PO4; 21.75 g K2HPO4; 67.20 g Na2HPO4.12H2O; 0.50 g NH4Cl; dissolved in Milli-Q water and made up to 1 litre
B) 22.50 g MgSO4.7H2O dissolved in Milli-Q water and made up to 1 litre.
C) 36.40 g CaCl2.2H2O dissolved in Milli-Q water and made up to 1 litre.
D) 0.25 g FeCl3.6H2O dissolved in Milli-Q water and made up to 1 litre.

- Test temperature: between 22.1 and 22.7°C.
- pH:
At t=0 d: 7.6 (all test vessels)
At t=28 d: 7.6 – 7.8 (Control vessels) and 7.5 - 7.6 (test substance vessels)
- Aeration of dilution water: Not before the test, the test is aerated continously
- Suspended solids concentration: The concentration of suspended solids was 2.9 g/l in the concentrated sludge (information obtained from the municipal sewage treatment plant).
- Continuous darkness: yes

TEST SYSTEM
- Culturing apparatus: 2 litre all-glass brown coloured bottles
- Number of culture flasks/concentration:
Test suspension: containing test substance and inoculum (2 bottles).
Inoculum blank: containing only inoculum (2 bottles)
Positive control: containing reference substance and inoculum (1 bottle).
Toxicity control: containing test substance, reference substance and inoculum (1 bottle).
- Details of trap for CO2:
Three CO2-absorbers (bottles filled with 100 mL 0.0125 M Ba(OH)2) were connected in series to the exit air line of each test bottle.

SAMPLING
- Sampling frequency: Titrations were made on days 2, 5, 9, 14, 19, 23, 27 and 29, for the inoculum blank and test suspension. Titrations for the positive and toxicity control were made over a period of 14 days.

- Other: The CO2 produced in each test bottle reacted with the barium hydroxide in the gas scrubbing bottle and precipitated out as barium carbonate. The amount of CO2 produced was determined by titrating the remaining Ba(OH)2 with 0.05 M standardized HCl (1:20 dilution from 1 M HCl (Titrisol® ampul), Merck, Darmstadt, Germany).
Because the theoretical calculation of the CO2 production was not possible a sample of test substance radiation curing resins was taken for TOC analysis. ThCO2 was calculated from the results of TOC analysis.

CONTROL AND BLANK SYSTEM
Inoculum blank: Yes
Positive control: Yes
Toxicity control: Yes

Reference substance:

other: sodium acetate

Key result

Parameter:

% degradation (CO2 evolution)

Value:

5

Sampling time:

29 d

Details on results:

The relative biodegradation values calculated from the measurements performed during the test period revealed no significant biodegradation of test substance radiation curing resins.

In the toxicity control more than 25% biodegradation occurred within 14 days (37%, based on ThCO2). Therefore, the test substance was assumed not to inhibit microbial activity.

Results with reference substance:

Functioning of the test system was checked by testing the reference substance sodium acetate, which biodegraded by at least 60% (65%) within 14 days.

Validity criteria fulfilled:

yes

Interpretation of results:

not readily biodegradable

Conclusions:

The test substance was not readily biodegradable under the conditions of the modified Sturm test.

Executive summary:

A study was conducted to determine the biodegradation in water of the test substance according to OECD Guideline 301 B and EU Method C.4-C (CO2 evolution test), in compliance with GLP. The substance was tested in duplicate at the concentration of 12 mg organic carbon/L (corresponding to 18.5 mg test substance/ L) for a duration of 28 days. Test and reference substances (positive control: sodium acetate and toxicity control: test substance plus sodium acetate) were added to the bottles containing the microbial organisms (domestic sludge) followed by sampling on Day 2, 5, 9, 14, 19, 23, 27 and 29 to measure CO2 evolution. The CO2 produced in each test bottle reacted with the barium hydroxide in the gas scrubbing bottle and precipitated out as barium carbonate. The amount of CO2 produced was determined by titrating the remaining Ba(OH)2 with 0.05 M standardized HCl. The test substance revealed 5% biodegradation after 29 days. There was 37% degradation after 14 days in toxicity control group, therefore, the test substance was assumed not to inhibit microbial activity. Degradation of the positive control was 65% after 14 days. All validity criteria were met. Under the study conditions, the test substance was considered to be not readily biodegradable (Desmares-Koopmans, 2012).

Description of key information

The test substance is not readily biodegradable. 

Additional information

A study was conducted to determine the biodegradation in water of the test substance ‘4,4'-Isopropylidenediphenol, polymer with 1-chloro-2,3-epoxypropane, propane-1,2-diol acrylate and succinic anhydride’ according to OECD Guideline 301 B and EU Method C.4-C (CO2 evolution test), in compliance with GLP. The substance was tested in duplicate at the concentration of 12 mg organic carbon/L (corresponding to 18.5 mg test substance/ L) for a duration of 28 days. Test and reference substances (positive control: sodium acetate and toxicity control: test substance plus sodium acetate) were added to the bottles containing the microbial organisms (domestic sludge) followed by sampling on Day 2, 5, 9, 14, 19, 23, 27 and 29 to measure CO2 evolution. The CO2 produced in each test bottle reacted with the barium hydroxide in the gas scrubbing bottle and precipitated out as barium carbonate. The amount of CO2 produced was determined by titrating the remaining Ba(OH)2 with 0.05 M standardized HCl. The test substance revealed 5% biodegradation after 29 days. There was 37% degradation after 14 days in toxicity control group, therefore, the test substance was assumed not to inhibit microbial activity. Degradation of the positive control was 65% after 14 days. All validity criteria were met. Under the study conditions, the test substance was considered to be not readily biodegradable (Desmares-Koopmans, 2012).