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EC number: 243-478-8 | CAS number: 20039-37-6
- Life Cycle description
- Uses advised against
- Endpoint summary
- Appearance / physical state / colour
- Melting point / freezing point
- Boiling point
- Density
- Particle size distribution (Granulometry)
- Vapour pressure
- Partition coefficient
- Water solubility
- Solubility in organic solvents / fat solubility
- Surface tension
- Flash point
- Auto flammability
- Flammability
- Explosiveness
- Oxidising properties
- Oxidation reduction potential
- Stability in organic solvents and identity of relevant degradation products
- Storage stability and reactivity towards container material
- Stability: thermal, sunlight, metals
- pH
- Dissociation constant
- Viscosity
- Additional physico-chemical information
- Additional physico-chemical properties of nanomaterials
- Nanomaterial agglomeration / aggregation
- Nanomaterial crystalline phase
- Nanomaterial crystallite and grain size
- Nanomaterial aspect ratio / shape
- Nanomaterial specific surface area
- Nanomaterial Zeta potential
- Nanomaterial surface chemistry
- Nanomaterial dustiness
- Nanomaterial porosity
- Nanomaterial pour density
- Nanomaterial photocatalytic activity
- Nanomaterial radical formation potential
- Nanomaterial catalytic activity
- Endpoint summary
- Stability
- Biodegradation
- Bioaccumulation
- Transport and distribution
- Environmental data
- Additional information on environmental fate and behaviour
- Ecotoxicological Summary
- Aquatic toxicity
- Endpoint summary
- Short-term toxicity to fish
- Long-term toxicity to fish
- Short-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Long-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Toxicity to aquatic algae and cyanobacteria
- Toxicity to aquatic plants other than algae
- Toxicity to microorganisms
- Endocrine disrupter testing in aquatic vertebrates – in vivo
- Toxicity to other aquatic organisms
- Sediment toxicity
- Terrestrial toxicity
- Biological effects monitoring
- Biotransformation and kinetics
- Additional ecotoxological information
- Toxicological Summary
- Toxicokinetics, metabolism and distribution
- Acute Toxicity
- Irritation / corrosion
- Sensitisation
- Repeated dose toxicity
- Genetic toxicity
- Carcinogenicity
- Toxicity to reproduction
- Specific investigations
- Exposure related observations in humans
- Toxic effects on livestock and pets
- Additional toxicological data
Biodegradation in water: screening tests
Administrative data
Link to relevant study record(s)
- Endpoint:
- biodegradation in water: ready biodegradability
- Type of information:
- experimental study
- Adequacy of study:
- key study
- Study period:
- from 2010-09-07 to 2010-11-17
- Reliability:
- 1 (reliable without restriction)
- Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:
- guideline study
- Qualifier:
- according to guideline
- Guideline:
- OECD Guideline 301 E (Ready biodegradability: Modified OECD Screening Test)
- Version / remarks:
- 1992
- Deviations:
- no
- Qualifier:
- according to guideline
- Guideline:
- EU Method C.4-B (Determination of the "Ready" Biodegradability - Modified OECD Screening Test)
- Version / remarks:
- 1992
- Deviations:
- no
- GLP compliance:
- yes (incl. QA statement)
- Oxygen conditions:
- aerobic
- Inoculum or test system:
- activated sludge, domestic, non-adapted
- Details on inoculum:
- - Source of inoculum/activated sludge: Effluent from a sewate treatment plant, A-2451 Au am Leithagebirge, Austria
- Storage conditions: Refrigerator (2 - 8 °C)
- Preparation of inoculum for exposure: On arrival in the laboratory, the sample was aerated by means of filtered compressed air for about 4 hours before being used for the study. The inoculum was not acclimatised or adapted to the test substance before exposure to the test substance in this study.
- Pretreatment: None
- Initial cell/biomass concentration: approx. 180 000 cells per vessel. - Duration of test (contact time):
- 28 d
- Initial conc.:
- 20 mg/L
- Based on:
- DOC
- Parameter followed for biodegradation estimation:
- DOC removal
- Details on study design:
- TEST CONDITIONS
- Composition of medium: Mineral medium as described in the guidelines
- Additional substrate: none
- Solubilising agent: not used
- Test temperature: The temperature was in the range between 20.4 and 22.0 °C.
- pH: Day 0: 7.3 - 7.6, Day 28: 7.3 - 7.6
- pH adjusted: no
- Aeration of dilution water: no
- Suspended solids concentration: not applicable
- Continuous darkness: yes.
TEST SYSTEM
- Culturing apparatus: 2 L conical flask reaction vessel filled with 1 000 mL test medium.
- Number of culture flasks/concentration: 2 negative control flasks, 2 test substance flask, 1 positive control, 1 toxicity control, 1 abiotic steril control, 1 adsorption control
- Method used to create aerobic conditions: the opening of the vessels was covered with aluminium foil in such a way that the exchang of air was guaranteed.
- Measuring equipment: Measurements were performed with a carbon analyser (TOC-Analysator multi N/C 2000, Analytik Jena).
SAMPLING
- Sampling frequency: Day 0, 2, 4, 7, 10, 14, 17, 21, 24, and 28. Abiotic steril control and adsorption control were determined only on day 28.
- Sampling method: DOC concentrations were determined from the supernatants at the beginning of the study (Day 0) and then on days 2, 4, 7, 10, 14, 17, 21, 24 and 28 from the groups A (test substance), PK (positive control), TK (Toxicity control) and NK (negative control). The DOC concentrations of the groups ASK and AK were determined at the beginning of the study and on day 28. At the scheduled terms samples of 30 mL were taken from each reaction vessel and centrifuged (4000 g, 15 min, room temperature). Measurements were performed with a carbon analyser (TOC-Analysator multi N/C 2000, Analytik Jena, D-07745 Jena, Germany). Throughout the test concentrations of DOC were determined in samples from each flask in duplicate. The samples were analysed on the same day.
- Sample storage before analysis: Refrigerator (-20 °C)
CONTROL AND BLANK SYSTEM
- Inoculum blank: yes
- Abiotic sterile control: yes
- Toxicity control: yes
- Positive control: yes
- Adsorption control: yes
STATISTICAL METHODS: no - Reference substance:
- benzoic acid, sodium salt
- Preliminary study:
- None
- Test performance:
- The validity criteria were met:
- Positive control: The plateau of biodegradation was reached on Day 4 and the degradation of the positive control substance sodium benzoate exceeded the pass level of 70 % within 14 days. The reference substance sodium benzoate was degraded by 97.3 % within 14 days.
- Toxicity control: Degradation in the toxicity control, which contained sodium benzoate and the test substance, was not indicative of an inhibition of the microbial activity by the test substance.
- Abiotic degradation: On Day 0, the DOC concentration of the abiotic sterile control was between 20.18 and 20,19 mg/L and on Day 28 between 19.67 and 19.73 mg/L, therefore no abiotic degradation to inorganic carbon occurred in the abiotic sterile control.
- Adsorption control: On Day 0, the DOC concentration was between 20.75 and 20.59 mg/L and on Day 28 between 20.02 and 20.14 mg/L, therefore no adsorption of the test substance to the inoculum occurred.
- The temperature was in the range between 20.4 and 22.0 °C.
- No major deviations were seen in the determined pH-values during the study time. - Key result
- Parameter:
- % degradation (DOC removal)
- Value:
- 4.7
- Sampling time:
- 28 d
- Details on results:
- Within the study period of 28 days, a degradation of 4.7 % was determined for the test substance. Therefore, the test substance is considered to be not ready biodegradable.
- Results with reference substance:
- The reference substance sodium benzoate was degraded by 97.3 % within 14 days. The plateau of biodegradation was reached on Day 4 and the degradation of the positive control substance sodium benzoate exceeded the pass level of 70 % within 14 days.
- Validity criteria fulfilled:
- yes
- Interpretation of results:
- under test conditions no biodegradation observed
- Conclusions:
- The ready biodegradability of the test item was determined according to OECD 301 E (1992). Within the study period of 28 days, a degradation of 4.7 % was determined for the test substance. Therefore, the test substance is considered to be not ready biodegradable.
- Executive summary:
The ready biodegradability of the test item was determined according to OECD 301 E under GLP conditions. The test substance, which provided the sole source of carbon and energy, was dissolved in buffered mineral salts medium at a nominal concentration of about 20 mg organic carbon per litre. The medium was inoculated with micro-organisms derived from a sample of a sewage effluent from the domestic waste water treatment plant "Au am Leithagebirge" in Austria not previously exposed to the test substance. The vessels were incubated in darkness within a specified temperature range for 28 days. The vessels were inserted in a shaking machine and kept there until the end of the study. DOC-determinations were performed in intervals. A positive control with sodium benzoate was performed. In addition toxicity control, abiotic control and adsorption control were carried out. The biodegradation of the positive control exceeded the pass level of 70 % within 14 days. The degradation in the toxicity control indicate no inhibition of the microbial activity by the test substance. On Day 0, the DOC concentration of the abiotic sterile control was between 20.18 and 20.19 mg/L and on Day 28 between 19.67 and 19.73 mg/L, therefore no abiotic degradation to inorganic carbon occurred in the abiotic sterile control. In addition no adsorption of the test substance occurred in the adsorption control. The validity criteria were met. Within the study period of 28 days, a degradation of 4.7 % was determined for the test substance. Therefore, the test substance is considered to be not ready biodegradable.
Reference
Description of key information
The ready biodegradability of the test item was determined according to OECD 301 E (1992) (reference 5.2.1-1). Within the study period of 28 days, a degradation of 4.7 % was determined for the test substance. Therefore, the test substance is considered to be not ready biodegradable.
Key value for chemical safety assessment
- Biodegradation in water:
- under test conditions no biodegradation observed
- Type of water:
- freshwater
Additional information
The ready biodegradability of the test item was determined according to OECD 301 E under GLP conditions. The test substance, which provided the sole source of carbon and energy, was dissolved in buffered mineral salts medium at a nominal concentration of about 20 mg organic carbon per litre. The medium was inoculated with micro-organisms derived from a sample of a sewage effluent from the domestic waste water treatment plant "Au am Leithagebirge" in Austria not previously exposed to the test substance. The vessels were incubated in darkness within a specified temperature range for 28 days. The vessels were inserted in a shaking machine and kept there until the end of the study. DOC-determinations were performed in intervals. A positive control with sodium benzoate was performed. In addition toxicity control, abiotic control and adsorption control were carried out. The biodegradation of the positive control exceeded the pass level of 70 % within 14 days. The degradation in the toxicity control indicate no inhibition of the microbial activity by the test substance. On Day 0, the DOC concentration of the abiotic sterile control was between 20.18 and 20.19 mg/L and on Day 28 between 19.67 and 19.73 mg/L, therefore no abiotic degradation to inorganic carbon occurred in the abiotic sterile control. In addition no adsorption of the test substance occurred in the adsorption control. The validity criteria were met. Within the study period of 28 days, a degradation of 4.7 % was determined for the test substance. Therefore, the test substance is considered to be not ready biodegradable.
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