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EC number: 218-145-5 | CAS number: 2052-25-7
- Life Cycle description
- Uses advised against
- Endpoint summary
- Appearance / physical state / colour
- Melting point / freezing point
- Boiling point
- Density
- Particle size distribution (Granulometry)
- Vapour pressure
- Partition coefficient
- Water solubility
- Solubility in organic solvents / fat solubility
- Surface tension
- Flash point
- Auto flammability
- Flammability
- Explosiveness
- Oxidising properties
- Oxidation reduction potential
- Stability in organic solvents and identity of relevant degradation products
- Storage stability and reactivity towards container material
- Stability: thermal, sunlight, metals
- pH
- Dissociation constant
- Viscosity
- Additional physico-chemical information
- Additional physico-chemical properties of nanomaterials
- Nanomaterial agglomeration / aggregation
- Nanomaterial crystalline phase
- Nanomaterial crystallite and grain size
- Nanomaterial aspect ratio / shape
- Nanomaterial specific surface area
- Nanomaterial Zeta potential
- Nanomaterial surface chemistry
- Nanomaterial dustiness
- Nanomaterial porosity
- Nanomaterial pour density
- Nanomaterial photocatalytic activity
- Nanomaterial radical formation potential
- Nanomaterial catalytic activity
- Endpoint summary
- Stability
- Biodegradation
- Bioaccumulation
- Transport and distribution
- Environmental data
- Additional information on environmental fate and behaviour
- Ecotoxicological Summary
- Aquatic toxicity
- Endpoint summary
- Short-term toxicity to fish
- Long-term toxicity to fish
- Short-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Long-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Toxicity to aquatic algae and cyanobacteria
- Toxicity to aquatic plants other than algae
- Toxicity to microorganisms
- Endocrine disrupter testing in aquatic vertebrates – in vivo
- Toxicity to other aquatic organisms
- Sediment toxicity
- Terrestrial toxicity
- Biological effects monitoring
- Biotransformation and kinetics
- Additional ecotoxological information
- Toxicological Summary
- Toxicokinetics, metabolism and distribution
- Acute Toxicity
- Irritation / corrosion
- Sensitisation
- Repeated dose toxicity
- Genetic toxicity
- Carcinogenicity
- Toxicity to reproduction
- Specific investigations
- Exposure related observations in humans
- Toxic effects on livestock and pets
- Additional toxicological data
Ecotoxicological Summary
Administrative data
Hazard for aquatic organisms
Freshwater
- Hazard assessment conclusion:
- PNEC aqua (freshwater)
- PNEC value:
- 0.1 mg/L
- Assessment factor:
- 1 000
- Extrapolation method:
- assessment factor
Marine water
- Hazard assessment conclusion:
- PNEC aqua (marine water)
- PNEC value:
- 0.01 mg/L
- Assessment factor:
- 10 000
- Extrapolation method:
- assessment factor
STP
- Hazard assessment conclusion:
- PNEC STP
- PNEC value:
- 10 mg/L
- Assessment factor:
- 100
- Extrapolation method:
- assessment factor
Sediment (freshwater)
- Hazard assessment conclusion:
- PNEC sediment (freshwater)
- PNEC value:
- 0.015 mg/kg sediment dw
- Extrapolation method:
- sensitivity distribution
Sediment (marine water)
- Hazard assessment conclusion:
- PNEC sediment (marine water)
- PNEC value:
- 0.001 mg/kg sediment dw
- Extrapolation method:
- sensitivity distribution
Hazard for air
Air
- Hazard assessment conclusion:
- no hazard identified
Hazard for terrestrial organisms
Soil
- Hazard assessment conclusion:
- PNEC soil
- PNEC value:
- 0.007 mg/kg soil dw
- Extrapolation method:
- sensitivity distribution
Hazard for predators
Secondary poisoning
- Hazard assessment conclusion:
- PNEC oral
- PNEC value:
- 33.3 mg/kg food
- Assessment factor:
- 300
Additional information
A study was performed to assess the acute toxicity of Mordant Black 9 to Danio rerio under semi static conditions.
Observations were made on the number of dead fish and the incidence of sub-lethal effects after 2, 24, 48, 72 and 96 hours of exposure. All results are expressed in terms of nominal concentrations. Effective concentrations ranged from 102.1 % to104.4 % of nominal values in the freshly prepared media and from 100.0 % to 101.2 % of nominal values in the media after 24 hours of exposure.
No toxic effects against fish were observed at a limit test concentration of 100 mg/L.
Acute toxicity on Daphnia magna was assessed in an Acute Immobilisation Test, over an exposure period of 48 hours. Based on the results of this study, the test item had no toxic effect on daphnids at up to at least 100 mg/L nominal.
The effect of the test item was assessed on algal growth using the unicellular green alga Pseudokirchneriella subcapitata (Selenastrum capricornutum), over an exposure period of 72 hours.
However, Mordant Black 9 is a complex forming dye. The dye is stabilised on the fabric by adding chromium after applying the dye to the fabric to form a chromium complex. Due to this property as strong sequestrant, it is also conceivable that Mordant Black 9 forms complexes with the various metal ions contained in the algae growth medium such as Fe3+, Mn2+, Zn2+, Co2+, Cu2+. This is particularly critical with the trace elements, which are essential for the growth of the algae.
This is effect is proven by the results of the substance concentration analysis. The results are expressed in terms of geometric mean measured concentrations. Effective concentrations ranged from 48.8 % to 80.0 % of nominal values at 0 hours (after 24 hours of stirring), from 7.6 % to 10.8 % of nominal values at 24 hours, and from to 0.1 % to 3.2 % of nominal values at 48 hours and correspond to 0.7 % of nominal values at 72 hours. After 72 hours only the highest test item concentration was analysed, all other concentrations were below the quantification limit (0.0292 mg/L).
That this effect is due to a complex formation has been shown by the evaluation of the IR spectrum of the original test item Mordant Black 9, the test item dissolved in millipore water and the test item dissolved in algae growth medium. The IR spectrum of the original test item Mordant Black 9 and of the test item dissolved in millipore water are identical, whereas the IR spectrum of Mordant Black 9 dissolved in algae growth medium differs distinctly from the former two.
Any growth inhibition of algae observed is therefore most likely due to the lack of essential elements and not due to a direct toxic effect of Mordant Black 9. This situation would not occur in the environment, where those trace elements are abundantly available.
Furthermore, if this complex forming feature of Mordant Black 9 takes place in the OECD medium, it is technically not possible to test just the chemical toxicity of the test substance on algae growth according to OECD 201.
Conclusion on classification
The environmental studies conducted on the substance have all been ranked reliability 1 according to the Klimisch et al system. This ranking was deemed appropriate because the studies were conducted to GLP and in compliance with agreed protocols. Sufficient dose ranges and numbers are detailed; hence it is appropriate for use based on reliability and animal welfare grounds.
The results triggered no classification under the Dangerous Substance Directive (67/548/EEC) and the CLP Regulation (EC No 1272/2008). No classification for environmental effects is therefore required.
The substance is therefore proposed to be “not classified” and appropriate comments are detailed within Section 2 of the registration dossier.
Information on Registered Substances comes from registration dossiers which have been assigned a registration number. The assignment of a registration number does however not guarantee that the information in the dossier is correct or that the dossier is compliant with Regulation (EC) No 1907/2006 (the REACH Regulation). This information has not been reviewed or verified by the Agency or any other authority. The content is subject to change without prior notice.
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