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Diss Factsheets
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EC number: 941-030-2 | CAS number: 1689515-38-5
- Life Cycle description
- Uses advised against
- Endpoint summary
- Appearance / physical state / colour
- Melting point / freezing point
- Boiling point
- Density
- Particle size distribution (Granulometry)
- Vapour pressure
- Partition coefficient
- Water solubility
- Solubility in organic solvents / fat solubility
- Surface tension
- Flash point
- Auto flammability
- Flammability
- Explosiveness
- Oxidising properties
- Oxidation reduction potential
- Stability in organic solvents and identity of relevant degradation products
- Storage stability and reactivity towards container material
- Stability: thermal, sunlight, metals
- pH
- Dissociation constant
- Viscosity
- Additional physico-chemical information
- Additional physico-chemical properties of nanomaterials
- Nanomaterial agglomeration / aggregation
- Nanomaterial crystalline phase
- Nanomaterial crystallite and grain size
- Nanomaterial aspect ratio / shape
- Nanomaterial specific surface area
- Nanomaterial Zeta potential
- Nanomaterial surface chemistry
- Nanomaterial dustiness
- Nanomaterial porosity
- Nanomaterial pour density
- Nanomaterial photocatalytic activity
- Nanomaterial radical formation potential
- Nanomaterial catalytic activity
- Endpoint summary
- Stability
- Biodegradation
- Bioaccumulation
- Transport and distribution
- Environmental data
- Additional information on environmental fate and behaviour
- Ecotoxicological Summary
- Aquatic toxicity
- Endpoint summary
- Short-term toxicity to fish
- Long-term toxicity to fish
- Short-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Long-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Toxicity to aquatic algae and cyanobacteria
- Toxicity to aquatic plants other than algae
- Toxicity to microorganisms
- Endocrine disrupter testing in aquatic vertebrates – in vivo
- Toxicity to other aquatic organisms
- Sediment toxicity
- Terrestrial toxicity
- Biological effects monitoring
- Biotransformation and kinetics
- Additional ecotoxological information
- Toxicological Summary
- Toxicokinetics, metabolism and distribution
- Acute Toxicity
- Irritation / corrosion
- Sensitisation
- Repeated dose toxicity
- Genetic toxicity
- Carcinogenicity
- Toxicity to reproduction
- Specific investigations
- Exposure related observations in humans
- Toxic effects on livestock and pets
- Additional toxicological data
Specific investigations: other studies
Administrative data
- Endpoint:
- specific investigations: other studies
- Type of information:
- experimental study
- Adequacy of study:
- other information
- Reliability:
- 2 (reliable with restrictions)
- Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:
- other: Acceptable, well-documented publication which meets basic scientific principles
Data source
Reference
- Reference Type:
- publication
- Title:
- Unnamed
- Year:
- 1 984
- Report date:
- 1984
Materials and methods
Test guideline
- Qualifier:
- no guideline available
- Principles of method if other than guideline:
- Determination of RD50 values from measurement of the decrease in respiratory rate of mice caused by inhalation exposure to graduate doses of different aldehydes
- GLP compliance:
- no
- Type of method:
- in vivo
- Endpoint addressed:
- respiratory irritation
Test material
- Reference substance name:
- Isovaleraldehyde
- EC Number:
- 209-691-5
- EC Name:
- Isovaleraldehyde
- Cas Number:
- 590-86-3
- Molecular formula:
- C5H10O
- IUPAC Name:
- 3-methylbutanal
- Details on test material:
- - Name of test material (as cited in study report): isovaleraldehyde (obtained from Aldrich Chemical Company, Milwaukee, WI, USA) )
- Analytical purity: laboratory grade (between 85 to 99% depending on the specific aldehyde)
- Impurities (identity and concentrations): water (being the balance to aldehyde content)
- Stability under test conditions: no data
- Storage condition of test material: no data
Constituent 1
Test animals
- Species:
- mouse
- Strain:
- other: two strains used: B6C3F1 and Swiss-Wbster
- Sex:
- male
- Details on test animals or test system and environmental conditions:
- TEST ANIMALS
- Source: Charles River Breeding Labs Inc., Kingston, NY, USA)
- Age at study initiation: no data
- Weight at study initiation: B6C3F1: mean 23 g (19 - 27 g); Swiss-Webster: mean 27 g (20 - 32 g)
- Housing: polycarbonate cages (Thoren double mouse cage, Thoren Caging System, Hazleton, PA, USA) with hardwood chip bedding
- Diet (e.g. ad libitum): NIH-07, Zeigler Bros. Inc., Gardners, PA, USA; ad libitum
- Water (e.g. ad libitum): ad libitum
- Acclimation period: 2 weeks
ENVIRONMENTAL CONDITIONS
- Temperature (°C): 20 - 24
- Humidity (%): 45 - 60
- Air changes (per hr): no data
- Photoperiod (hrs dark / hrs light): 12-hr on/off light cycle
Administration / exposure
- Route of administration:
- inhalation: vapour
- Vehicle:
- unchanged (no vehicle)
- Details on exposure:
- GENERATION OF TEST ATMOSPHERE / CHAMBER DESCRIPTION
- Exposure apparatus: 2.7 l head only exposure chamber
- Method of holding animals in test chamber: animals were held in airtight body plethysmographic tubes attached to the head only exposure chamber
- Source and rate of air: no data on source; air flow rate was adjusted between 25 and 220 L/min depending on the desired exposure chamber aldehyde concentration
- Method of conditioning air: no data
- System of generating vapors: a stream of nitrogen was passed over the test aldehyde in a 100 mL glass impinger. Vaporization rates were controlled by varying the nitrogen flow rates from 100 to 900 mL/min and/or submerging the impinger in a constant-temperatiure water bath which ranged from 22 to 95°C depending on the aldehyde. The teflon tubing for leading the aldehyde vapors to the exposure champer air supply inlet was heated to ca. 90°C, if necessary, to prevent condensation of the vaporized aldehyde.
- Temperature, humidity, pressure in air chamber: no data
- Air flow rate: between 25 and 220 L/min depending on the desired exposure chamber test substance concentration
- Air change rate: no data
- Method of particle size determination: determination not conducted (only vapor generated)
- Treatment of exhaust air: no data
TEST ATMOSPHERE
- Brief description of analytical method used: aldehyde concentrations in test atmosphere were continously analyzed with an infrared analyzer (Miran Model 1A, Foxborow Analytical, Norwalk, CT, USA)
- Samples taken from breathing zone: no data - Analytical verification of doses or concentrations:
- yes
- Details on analytical verification of doses or concentrations:
- Aldehyde concentrations in test atmosphere were continously analyzed with an infrared analyzer (Miran Model 1A, Foxborow Analytical, Norwalk, CT, USA)
- Duration of treatment / exposure:
- 10 min
- Frequency of treatment:
- single exposure
- Post exposure period:
- 5 min (recovery period)
Doses / concentrations
- Remarks:
- Doses / Concentrations:
five graduate concentrations; individual concentrations not reported
Basis:
no data
- No. of animals per sex per dose:
- 4
- Control animals:
- other: pre-exposure control period (respiratory rate = 100%)
- Details on study design:
- Test animals were allowed to acclimate in the test apparatus for ca. 10 min. Then during a 5 min pre-exposure control period, respiratory rates were recorded (respiratory rate = 100%). The 10 min exposure period was followed by a 5 min recovery period. The average maximum decrease in respiratory rate for 1 min (during exposure) was computed from the response of each group of animals. RD50 were calculated from resulting concentration-response curves.
Results and discussion
- Details on results:
- B6C3F1 mice: RD50 = 757 ppm (95% CL 672 - 868 ppm); regression line equation: y = 76.15 (log x) - 169.26
Swiss-Webster mice: RD50 = 1008 ppm (95% CL 754 - 1720 ppm); regression line equation: y = 57.65 (log x) - 123.14
Applicant's summary and conclusion
- Conclusions:
- Inhalation of isovaleraldehyde vapor reduces the respiratory rate of mice as indication of respiratory irritation. RD50 values (concentrations which cause the decrease of respiratory rate by 50%) were determined to be 757 and 1008 ppm for B6C3F1 mice and Swiss-Webster mice, respectively.
- Executive summary:
B6C3F1 mice and Swiss-Webster mice were exposed head only in groups of 4 to 5 graduate concentrations of isovaleraldehyde vapor. Prior to exposure (5 min, control period), and during exposure (10 min) followed by a recovery period (5 min), respiratory rates were recorded by means of a body plethysmograph. The average maximum decrease in respiratory rate for 1 min was computed from the response of each group of animals. The RD50 value was calculated from the resulting concentration-response curve.
RD50 values of 757 ppm and 1008 ppm were determined for B6C3F1 and Swiss-Webster mice, respectively (Steinhagen 1984).
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