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Please be aware that this old REACH registration data factsheet is no longer maintained; it remains frozen as of 19th May 2023.
The new ECHA CHEM database has been released by ECHA, and it now contains all REACH registration data. There are more details on the transition of ECHA's published data to ECHA CHEM here.
Diss Factsheets
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EC number: 258-004-5 | CAS number: 52556-42-0
- Life Cycle description
- Uses advised against
- Endpoint summary
- Appearance / physical state / colour
- Melting point / freezing point
- Boiling point
- Density
- Particle size distribution (Granulometry)
- Vapour pressure
- Partition coefficient
- Water solubility
- Solubility in organic solvents / fat solubility
- Surface tension
- Flash point
- Auto flammability
- Flammability
- Explosiveness
- Oxidising properties
- Oxidation reduction potential
- Stability in organic solvents and identity of relevant degradation products
- Storage stability and reactivity towards container material
- Stability: thermal, sunlight, metals
- pH
- Dissociation constant
- Viscosity
- Additional physico-chemical information
- Additional physico-chemical properties of nanomaterials
- Nanomaterial agglomeration / aggregation
- Nanomaterial crystalline phase
- Nanomaterial crystallite and grain size
- Nanomaterial aspect ratio / shape
- Nanomaterial specific surface area
- Nanomaterial Zeta potential
- Nanomaterial surface chemistry
- Nanomaterial dustiness
- Nanomaterial porosity
- Nanomaterial pour density
- Nanomaterial photocatalytic activity
- Nanomaterial radical formation potential
- Nanomaterial catalytic activity
- Endpoint summary
- Stability
- Biodegradation
- Bioaccumulation
- Transport and distribution
- Environmental data
- Additional information on environmental fate and behaviour
- Ecotoxicological Summary
- Aquatic toxicity
- Endpoint summary
- Short-term toxicity to fish
- Long-term toxicity to fish
- Short-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Long-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Toxicity to aquatic algae and cyanobacteria
- Toxicity to aquatic plants other than algae
- Toxicity to microorganisms
- Endocrine disrupter testing in aquatic vertebrates – in vivo
- Toxicity to other aquatic organisms
- Sediment toxicity
- Terrestrial toxicity
- Biological effects monitoring
- Biotransformation and kinetics
- Additional ecotoxological information
- Toxicological Summary
- Toxicokinetics, metabolism and distribution
- Acute Toxicity
- Irritation / corrosion
- Sensitisation
- Repeated dose toxicity
- Genetic toxicity
- Carcinogenicity
- Toxicity to reproduction
- Specific investigations
- Exposure related observations in humans
- Toxic effects on livestock and pets
- Additional toxicological data
Toxicological Summary
- Administrative data
- Workers - Hazard via inhalation route
- Workers - Hazard via dermal route
- Workers - Hazard for the eyes
- Additional information - workers
- General Population - Hazard via inhalation route
- General Population - Hazard via dermal route
- General Population - Hazard via oral route
- General Population - Hazard for the eyes
- Additional information - General Population
Administrative data
Workers - Hazard via inhalation route
Systemic effects
Long term exposure
- Hazard assessment conclusion:
- DNEL (Derived No Effect Level)
- Value:
- 0.73 mg/m³
- Most sensitive endpoint:
- effect on fertility
- Route of original study:
- Oral
DNEL related information
- DNEL derivation method:
- ECHA REACH Guidance
- Overall assessment factor (AF):
- 1 500
- Dose descriptor starting point:
- LOAEL
- Value:
- 62.5 mg/m³
- Modified dose descriptor starting point:
- LOAEC
- Value:
- 1 102 mg/m³
- Explanation for the modification of the dose descriptor starting point:
- AF for dose response relationship:
- 5
- Justification:
- No effects at the dose descriptor starting point seen in a 28 days repeated dose toxicity study where a NOAEL of 150 mg/kg bw/day has been established. The LOAEL (of 62.5 mg/kgbw/day) is obtained from a Screening study on Reproductive and Developmental Toxicity. A Full study on Developmental toxicity is available and does not show any effects up to 1000 mg/kg bw/day.
- AF for differences in duration of exposure:
- 6
- Justification:
- According to ECHA Guidance on information requirements and chemical safety assessment R.8 (November, 2012 Version 2.1)
- AF for interspecies differences (allometric scaling):
- 4
- Justification:
- According to ECHA Guidance on information requirements and chemical safety assessment R.8 (November, 2012 Version 2.1)
- AF for other interspecies differences:
- 2.5
- Justification:
- According to ECHA Guidance on information requirements and chemical safety assessment R.8 (November, 2012 Version 2.1)
- AF for intraspecies differences:
- 5
- Justification:
- According to ECHA Guidance on information requirements and chemical safety assessment R.8 (November, 2012 Version 2.1)
- AF for the quality of the whole database:
- 1
- Justification:
- According to ECHA Guidance on information requirements and chemical safety assessment R.8 (November, 2012 Version 2.1)
- AF for remaining uncertainties:
- 1
- Justification:
- According to ECHA Guidance on information requirements and chemical safety assessment R.8 (November, 2012 Version 2.1)
Acute/short term exposure
- Hazard assessment conclusion:
- no hazard identified
- Most sensitive endpoint:
- acute toxicity
- Route of original study:
- Oral
DNEL related information
Local effects
Long term exposure
- Hazard assessment conclusion:
- no hazard identified
- Most sensitive endpoint:
- sensitisation (skin)
Acute/short term exposure
- Hazard assessment conclusion:
- low hazard (no threshold derived)
- Most sensitive endpoint:
- skin irritation/corrosion
DNEL related information
Workers - Hazard via dermal route
Systemic effects
Long term exposure
- Hazard assessment conclusion:
- DNEL (Derived No Effect Level)
- Value:
- 0.42 mg/kg bw/day
- Most sensitive endpoint:
- effect on fertility
- Route of original study:
- Oral
DNEL related information
- DNEL derivation method:
- ECHA REACH Guidance
- Overall assessment factor (AF):
- 1 500
- Dose descriptor starting point:
- LOAEL
- Value:
- 62.5 mg/kg bw/day
- Modified dose descriptor starting point:
- LOAEL
- Value:
- 625 mg/kg bw/day
- Explanation for the modification of the dose descriptor starting point:
- No study available; DNEL derived from Screening for Reproductive and Developmental dose toxicity, oral, using ECHA Guidance on information requirements and chemical safety assessment R.8 (November, 2012 Version 2.1)
- AF for dose response relationship:
- 5
- Justification:
- No effects seen in a 28 days repeated dose toxicity study were a NOAEL of 150 mg/kg bw/day has been established. The LOAEL is obtained from a Screening study, therefore this value is taken until a full study is available.
- AF for differences in duration of exposure:
- 6
- Justification:
- According to ECHA Guidance on information requirements and chemical safety assessment R.8 (November, 2012 Version 2.1)
- AF for interspecies differences (allometric scaling):
- 4
- Justification:
- According to ECHA Guidance on information requirements and chemical safety assessment R.8 (November, 2012 Version 2.1)
- AF for other interspecies differences:
- 2.5
- Justification:
- According to ECHA Guidance on information requirements and chemical safety assessment R.8 (November, 2012 Version 2.1)
- AF for intraspecies differences:
- 5
- Justification:
- According to ECHA Guidance on information requirements and chemical safety assessment R.8 (November, 2012 Version 2.1)
- AF for the quality of the whole database:
- 1
- Justification:
- According to ECHA Guidance on information requirements and chemical safety assessment R.8 (November, 2012 Version 2.1)
- AF for remaining uncertainties:
- 1
- Justification:
- According to ECHA Guidance on information requirements and chemical safety assessment R.8 (November, 2012 Version 2.1)
Acute/short term exposure
- Hazard assessment conclusion:
- no hazard identified
- Most sensitive endpoint:
- acute toxicity
- Route of original study:
- Dermal
DNEL related information
Local effects
Long term exposure
- Hazard assessment conclusion:
- no hazard identified
- Most sensitive endpoint:
- sensitisation (skin)
Acute/short term exposure
- Hazard assessment conclusion:
- low hazard (no threshold derived)
- Most sensitive endpoint:
- skin irritation/corrosion
Workers - Hazard for the eyes
Local effects
- Hazard assessment conclusion:
- medium hazard (no threshold derived)
Additional information - workers
General Population - Hazard via inhalation route
Systemic effects
Long term exposure
- Hazard assessment conclusion:
- DNEL (Derived No Effect Level)
- Value:
- 0.18 mg/m³
- Most sensitive endpoint:
- effect on fertility
- Route of original study:
- Oral
DNEL related information
- DNEL derivation method:
- ECHA REACH Guidance
- Overall assessment factor (AF):
- 3 000
- Dose descriptor starting point:
- LOAEL
- Value:
- 62.5 mg/kg bw/day
- Modified dose descriptor starting point:
- LOAEC
- Value:
- 543.5 mg/m³
- Explanation for the modification of the dose descriptor starting point:
- No study available; DNEL derived from Screening for Reproductive and Developmental dose toxicity, oral, using ECHA Guidance on information requirements and chemical safety assessment R.8 (November, 2012 Version 2.1)
- AF for dose response relationship:
- 5
- Justification:
- No effects seen in a 28 days repeated dose toxicity study were a NOAEL of 150 mg/kg bw/day has been established. The LOAED is obtained from a Screening study, therefore this value is taken until a full study is available.
- AF for differences in duration of exposure:
- 6
- Justification:
- According to ECHA Guidance on information requirements and chemical safety assessment R.8 (November, 2012 Version 2.1)
- AF for interspecies differences (allometric scaling):
- 4
- Justification:
- According to ECHA Guidance on information requirements and chemical safety assessment R.8 (November, 2012 Version 2.1)
- AF for other interspecies differences:
- 2.5
- Justification:
- According to ECHA Guidance on information requirements and chemical safety assessment R.8 (November, 2012 Version 2.1)
- AF for intraspecies differences:
- 10
- Justification:
- According to ECHA Guidance on information requirements and chemical safety assessment R.8 (November, 2012 Version 2.1)
- AF for the quality of the whole database:
- 1
- Justification:
- According to ECHA Guidance on information requirements and chemical safety assessment R.8 (November, 2012 Version 2.1)
- AF for remaining uncertainties:
- 1
- Justification:
- According to ECHA Guidance on information requirements and chemical safety assessment R.8 (November, 2012 Version 2.1)
Acute/short term exposure
- Hazard assessment conclusion:
- no hazard identified
- Most sensitive endpoint:
- acute toxicity
- Route of original study:
- Oral
DNEL related information
Local effects
Long term exposure
- Hazard assessment conclusion:
- no hazard identified
- Most sensitive endpoint:
- sensitisation (skin)
Acute/short term exposure
- Hazard assessment conclusion:
- low hazard (no threshold derived)
- Most sensitive endpoint:
- skin irritation/corrosion
DNEL related information
General Population - Hazard via dermal route
Systemic effects
Long term exposure
- Hazard assessment conclusion:
- DNEL (Derived No Effect Level)
- Value:
- 0.21 mg/kg bw/day
- Most sensitive endpoint:
- effect on fertility
- Route of original study:
- Oral
DNEL related information
- DNEL derivation method:
- ECHA REACH Guidance
- Overall assessment factor (AF):
- 3 000
- Dose descriptor starting point:
- LOAEL
- Value:
- 62.5 mg/kg bw/day
- Modified dose descriptor starting point:
- LOAEL
- Value:
- 625 mg/kg bw/day
- Explanation for the modification of the dose descriptor starting point:
- No study available; DNEL derived from Screening for Reproductive and Developmental dose toxicity, oral, using ECHA Guidance on information requirements and chemical safety assessment R.8 (November, 2012 Version 2.1)
- AF for dose response relationship:
- 5
- Justification:
- No effects seen in a 28 days repeated dose toxicity study were a NOAEL of 150 mg/kg bw/day has been established. The LOAED is obtained from a Screening study, therefore this value is taken until a full study is available.
- AF for differences in duration of exposure:
- 6
- Justification:
- According to ECHA Guidance on information requirements and chemical safety assessment R.8 (November, 2012 Version 2.1)
- AF for interspecies differences (allometric scaling):
- 4
- Justification:
- According to ECHA Guidance on information requirements and chemical safety assessment R.8 (November, 2012 Version 2.1)
- AF for other interspecies differences:
- 2.5
- Justification:
- According to ECHA Guidance on information requirements and chemical safety assessment R.8 (November, 2012 Version 2.1)
- AF for intraspecies differences:
- 10
- Justification:
- According to ECHA Guidance on information requirements and chemical safety assessment R.8 (November, 2012 Version 2.1)
- AF for the quality of the whole database:
- 1
- Justification:
- According to ECHA Guidance on information requirements and chemical safety assessment R.8 (November, 2012 Version 2.1)
- AF for remaining uncertainties:
- 1
- Justification:
- According to ECHA Guidance on information requirements and chemical safety assessment R.8 (November, 2012 Version 2.1)
Acute/short term exposure
- Hazard assessment conclusion:
- no hazard identified
- Most sensitive endpoint:
- acute toxicity
- Route of original study:
- Oral
DNEL related information
Local effects
Long term exposure
- Hazard assessment conclusion:
- no hazard identified
- Most sensitive endpoint:
- sensitisation (skin)
Acute/short term exposure
- Hazard assessment conclusion:
- low hazard (no threshold derived)
- Most sensitive endpoint:
- skin irritation/corrosion
General Population - Hazard via oral route
Systemic effects
Long term exposure
- Hazard assessment conclusion:
- DNEL (Derived No Effect Level)
- Value:
- 0.02 mg/kg bw/day
- Most sensitive endpoint:
- effect on fertility
- Route of original study:
- Oral
DNEL related information
- DNEL derivation method:
- ECHA REACH Guidance
- Overall assessment factor (AF):
- 3 000
- Dose descriptor starting point:
- LOAEL
- Value:
- 62.5 mg/kg bw/day
- Modified dose descriptor starting point:
- LOAEL
- Value:
- 62.5 mg/kg bw/day
- Explanation for the modification of the dose descriptor starting point:
- no route-to-route justification needed
- AF for dose response relationship:
- 5
- Justification:
- No effects seen in a 28 days repeated dose toxicity study were a NOAEL of 150 mg/kg bw/day has been established. The LOAED is obtained from a Screening study, therefore this value is taken until a full study is available.
- AF for differences in duration of exposure:
- 6
- Justification:
- According to ECHA Guidance on information requirements and chemical safety assessment R.8 (November, 2012 Version 2.1)
- AF for interspecies differences (allometric scaling):
- 4
- Justification:
- According to ECHA Guidance on information requirements and chemical safety assessment R.8 (November, 2012 Version 2.1)
- AF for other interspecies differences:
- 2.5
- Justification:
- According to ECHA Guidance on information requirements and chemical safety assessment R.8 (November, 2012 Version 2.1)
- AF for intraspecies differences:
- 10
- Justification:
- According to ECHA Guidance on information requirements and chemical safety assessment R.8 (November, 2012 Version 2.1)
- AF for the quality of the whole database:
- 1
- Justification:
- According to ECHA Guidance on information requirements and chemical safety assessment R.8 (November, 2012 Version 2.1)
- AF for remaining uncertainties:
- 1
- Justification:
- According to ECHA Guidance on information requirements and chemical safety assessment R.8 (November, 2012 Version 2.1)
Acute/short term exposure
- Hazard assessment conclusion:
- no hazard identified
- Most sensitive endpoint:
- acute toxicity
- Route of original study:
- Oral
DNEL related information
General Population - Hazard for the eyes
Local effects
- Hazard assessment conclusion:
- medium hazard (no threshold derived)
Additional information - General Population
Information on Registered Substances comes from registration dossiers which have been assigned a registration number. The assignment of a registration number does however not guarantee that the information in the dossier is correct or that the dossier is compliant with Regulation (EC) No 1907/2006 (the REACH Regulation). This information has not been reviewed or verified by the Agency or any other authority. The content is subject to change without prior notice.
Reproduction or further distribution of this information may be subject to copyright protection. Use of the information without obtaining the permission from the owner(s) of the respective information might violate the rights of the owner.