mecoprop-P (ISO); (R)-2-(4-chloro-2-methylphenoxy)propionic acid

Solubility in organic solvents / fat solubility

Link to relevant study record(s)

Reference

Reference 1

Endpoint:

solubility in organic solvents / fat solubility

Type of information:

experimental study

Adequacy of study:

key study

Study period:

11 February 1999 to 16 April 1999

Reliability:

1 (reliable without restriction)

Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:

guideline study

Qualifier:

according to guideline

Guideline:

other: EPA/OPPTS method 830.7840

Deviations:

no

GLP compliance:

yes

Key result

Medium:

other: n-heptane

Solubility:

9.75 g/L

Temp.:

20 °C

Key result

Medium:

other: Xylene

Solubility:

> 250 g/L

Temp.:

20 °C

Key result

Medium:

other: 1,2-dichloroethane

Solubility:

> 250 g/L

Temp.:

20 °C

Key result

Medium:

methanol

Solubility:

> 250 g/L

Temp.:

20 °C

Key result

Medium:

n-octanol

Solubility:

177 g/L

Temp.:

20 °C

Key result

Medium:

acetone

Solubility:

> 250 g/L

Temp.:

20 °C

Key result

Medium:

ethyl acetate

Solubility:

> 250 g/L

Temp.:

20 °C

Test substance stable:

not determined

Details on results:

PRELIMINRAY INVESTIGATION
n-Heptane: 2.6 – 3.4 g/L
Xylene: > 250 g/L
1,2-Dichloroethane: > 250 g/L
Methanol: > 250 g/L
n-Octanol: 100 – 200 g/L
Acetone: > 250 g/L
Ethyl acetate: > 250 g/L


DEFINITIVE TEST
The detector calibration was found to be linear over the range 0 to 218 mg/L of standard solutions in mobile phase with a regression coefficient of 1.0000.
No significant peaks were observed in the chromatograms of control samples indicating that the analytical method was free from interference.
The solubility of the test material was found to be: 9.75 g/L in n-heptane; greater than 250 g/L in xylene; greater than 250 g/L in 1,2-dichloroethane; greater than 250 g/L in methanol; 177 g/L in n-octanol; greater than 250 g/L in acetone; and greater than 250 g/L in ethyl acetate.

Standard Calibration for the Test Material byHPLC.

Standard Concentration (mg/L)	Peak Area
21.83	304.5
43.66	615.8
87.32	1225
131.0	1855
174.6	2484
218.3	3066

 

Linear regression (including x = 0, y = 0):

y = 14.1x -0.779

r = 1.000

x = Concentration

y = peak area

Conclusions:

Under the conditions of the study the solubility of the test material was found to be 9.75 g/L in n-heptane; greater than 250 g/L in xylene; greater than 250 g/L in 1,2-dichloroethane; greater than 250 g/L in methanol; 177 g/L in n-octanol; greater than 250 g/L in acetone; and greater than 250 g/L in ethyl acetate.

Executive summary:

The solvent solubility of the test material was assessed according to EPA OPPTS Method 830.7840 and in compliance with GLP using a flask shake method based on EEC Method A6.

he method consists of measuring the concentration of the test material in saturated solutions by an appropriate chromatography method, in this case HPLC. The solubility of the test material was determined in each of the following solvents: n-Heptane, xylene, 1,2-dichloroethane, methanol, n-octanol, acetone and ethyl acetate.

The detector calibration was found to be linear over the range 0 to 218 mg/L of standard solutions in mobile phase with a regression coefficient of 1.0000.

No significant peaks were observed in the chromatograms of control samples indicating that the analytical method was free from interference.

Under the conditions of the study the solubility of the test material was found to be 9.75 g/L in n-heptane; greater than 250 g/L in xylene; greater than 250 g/L in 1,2-dichloroethane; greater than 250 g/L in methanol; 177 g/L in n-octanol; greater than 250 g/L in acetone; and greater than 250 g/L in ethyl acetate.

Reference 2

Endpoint:

solubility in organic solvents / fat solubility

Type of information:

experimental study

Adequacy of study:

key study

Study period:

06 May 2014 to 07 May 2014

Reliability:

1 (reliable without restriction)

Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:

guideline study

Qualifier:

according to guideline

Guideline:

other: CIPAC method MT181.

Deviations:

no

GLP compliance:

yes (incl. QA statement)

Key result

Medium:

acetone

Solubility:

> 250 g/L

Temp.:

20 °C

Key result

Medium:

other: Dichloromethane

Solubility:

> 250 g/L

Temp.:

20 °C

Key result

Medium:

ethyl acetate

Solubility:

> 250 g/L

Temp.:

20 °C

Key result

Medium:

methanol

Solubility:

> 250 g/L

Temp.:

20 °C

Key result

Medium:

other: Heptane

Solubility:

< 10 g/L

Temp.:

20 °C

Key result

Medium:

toluene

Solubility:

> 250 g/L

Temp.:

20 °C

Test substance stable:

not determined

Details on results:

In each of the solutions, with the exception of Heptane, solubility was achieved within 1 minute of shaking, and the test material remained in solution after the 30 minute incubation period.
In the case of Heptane, whilst the preliminary test suggested a solubility range of 25 - 33 g/L, under the controlled conditions of the main test the test material was observed to be partially undissolved after each solvent addition and shaking/ incubation period, with material remaining at the end of the test. The solubility is therefore reported as < 10 g/L in Heptane.

Preliminary Test Results

Solvent	Wt Test Material (g)	Volume Solvent to Achieve Solubility (mL)	Approximate Solubility (g/L)	Amount of Test Material for Solubility Test (g)
Acetone	0.1016	0.5	> 200	0.5
Dichloromethane	0.1041	0.5	> 200	0.5
Ethyl Acetate	0.1018	0.5	> 200	0.5
Methanol	0.1028	0.5	> 200	0.5
Heptane	0.1045	4	25 - 33	0.1
Toluene	0.1030	0.5	> 200	0.5

 

Solubility Test Results

Solvent	Wt Test Material (g)	Volume Solvent to Achieve Solubility (mL)	Solubility Range g/L
Acetone	0.5021	2	> 250
	0.5027	2
Dichloromethane	0.5028	2	> 250
	0.5031	2
Ethyl Acetate	0.5034	2	> 250
	0.5015	2
Methanol	0.5026	2	> 250
	0.5023	2
Heptane	0.1036	Insoluble after 10	< 10
	0.1010	Insoluble after 10
Toluene	0.5013	2	> 250
	0.5024	2

 

Conclusions:

Under the conditions of the study the solubility of the test material in organic solvents was found to be < 10g/L in heptane and greater than 250 g/L in toluene, dichloroethane, methanol, acetone and ethyl acetate.

Executive summary:

The solubility of the test material in organic solvents was assessed according to CIPAC method MT181 and in compliance with GLP.

The approximate amount of test material as determined by the preliminary test was weighed in duplicate into 10 mL stoppered measuring cylinders (two determinations per solvent) and 2 mL solvent added to each. The mixture was shaken for 10 minutes (or until the test material was observed to have fully dissolved) and placed in an incubator at 20 ± 1 °C for at least 30 minutes, with intermittent shaking. Further additions of solvent were made according to the procedure where the test material had not dissolved, with the shaking/incubation procedure repeated after each solvent addition.

In each of the solutions, with the exception of Heptane, solubility was achieved within 1 minute of shaking, and the test material remained in solution after the 30 minute incubation period.

In the case of Heptane, whilst the preliminary test suggested a solubility range of 25 - 33 g/L, under the controlled conditions of the main test the test material was observed to be partially undissolved after each solvent addition and shaking/ incubation period, with material remaining at the end of the test.

Under the conditions of the study the solubility of the test material in organic solvents was found to be < 10 g/L in heptane and greater than 250 g/L in toluene, dichloroethane, methanol, acetone and ethyl acetate.

Reference 3

Endpoint:

solubility in organic solvents / fat solubility

Type of information:

experimental study

Adequacy of study:

key study

Study period:

04 November 2015

Reliability:

2 (reliable with restrictions)

Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:

guideline study with acceptable restrictions

Qualifier:

according to guideline

Guideline:

other: CIPAC method MT157 (Water Solubility, flask method).

Deviations:

no

GLP compliance:

yes (incl. QA statement)

Key result

Medium:

other: Heptane

Solubility:

7.69 g/L

Temp.:

20 °C

Test substance stable:

not determined

Details on results:

The concentration of the test material in solution does not change significantly between 30 minutes and 4 hours, therefore the solution can be considered to be saturated. The mean solubility is calculated from the 7 values obtained (outlier excluded). The %RSD of the determinations was calculated at 1.01 %, thus demonstrating acceptable precision.
The solubility of the test material in Heptane was determined as 7.69 g/L at 20 °C. This value is consistent with the estimated value of < 10 g/L reported previously.

Solubility Results

Solution stirring time (min)	Solubility (g/L)	Mean Solubility (g/L)	Precision (%RSD)
30	7.71	7.69	1.01
	7.60
60	7.78
	7.77
120	6.76*
	7.71
240	7.67
	7.58

*The value obtained for this sample is considered an outlier and not included in the calculation of mean solubility. This is supported using the Dixon test, a value of 6.76 g/L is considered an outlier in the above data set at a confidence limit of 99 %.

 

Conclusions:

Under the conditions of the study the solubility of the test material in Heptane was determined to be 7.69 g/L at 20 °C.

Executive summary:

The solubility of the test material in heptane was assessed according to CIPAC method MT157 and in compliance with GLP.

Approximately 1.5 g of the test material was added to 100 mL Heptane in a wide necked conical flask. The mixture was stirred in an incubator at 20 ± 1 °C using a magnetic stirrer. After 30 minutes stirring, an aliquot of approximately 5 mL of the solution was filtered through a 0.45 μm syringe filter into a 20 mL scintillation vial and capped. Stirring was recommenced, and further 5 mL samples were taken after 1, 2 and 4 hours stirring. The temperature in the incubator was monitored throughout the period and recorded at each sampling point. The temperature remained at 20° C throughout the stirring period. The test material content of the heptane solutions was determined by HPLC using an external standard procedure.

The concentration of the test material in solution does not change significantly between 30 minutes and 4 hours, therefore the solution can be considered to be saturated. The mean solubility is calculated from the 7 values obtained (outlier excluded). The %RSD of the determinations was calculated at 1.01 %, thus demonstrating acceptable precision.

Under the conditions of the study the solubility of the test material in Heptane was determined to be 7.69 g/L at 20 °C.

Reference 4

Endpoint:

solubility in organic solvents / fat solubility

Type of information:

experimental study

Adequacy of study:

key study

Study period:

11 April 1990 to 20 August 1990

Reliability:

1 (reliable without restriction)

Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:

guideline study

Qualifier:

according to guideline

Guideline:

other: EPA FIFRA Subdivision D § 63-8

Deviations:

no

GLP compliance:

yes

Key result

Medium:

acetone

Solubility:

2 681 g/L

Temp.:

20 °C

Key result

Medium:

other: dichloromethane

Solubility:

1 148 g/L

Temp.:

20 °C

Key result

Medium:

other: hexane

Solubility:

16.69 g/L

Temp.:

20 °C

Test substance stable:

not determined

The table below presents a summary of the results of the test and shows that the solubility of the test material in acetone, dichloromethane and hexane was 2681, 1148 and 16.69 g/L respectively.

Measurement of the Solubility of the Test Material in Acetone and Dichloromethane at 20 °C.

Sample Treatment	Measured solubility (g/L) after 2 Periods at 20 °C		Density Corrected Solubility (g/L) after 2 Periods at 20 °C
	19 days	20 days	19 days	20 days
20 g test material: 10 mL acetone	757.9	756.9	2686	2676
20 g test material: 10 mL acetone	757.9	756.9	2686	2676
	Mean = 757.4 ± 0.58 g/L (C. of V. = 0.08 %)		Mean = 2681 ± 35.77 g/L (C. of V. = 0.22 %)
10 g test material: 5 mL dichloromethane	600.4	594.9	1168	1148
10 g test material: 5 mL dichloromethane	577.0	602.5	1097	1177
	Mean = 593.7 ± 11.6 g/L (C. of V. = 1.95 %)		Mean = 1148 ± 35.78 g/L (C. of V. = 3.12 %)
1 g test material: 20 mL hexane	16.60	16.70
1 g test material: 20 mL hexane	16.75	16.70
	Mean = 16.69 ± 0.06 g/L (C. of V. = 0.38 %)

Conclusions:

Under the conditions of the study the solubility of the test material in acetone, dichloromethane and hexane was 2 681.0 g/L, 1 148.0 g/L and 16.69 g/L respectively at 20 °C.

Executive summary:

The solubility of the test material was assessed according to EPA FIFRA Subdivision D § 63-8 and in compliance with GLP using the flask method.

The solubility of the test material was determined in acetone, dichloromethane and hexane. Test material content was analysed by HPLC/UV analysis.

Under the conditions of the study the solubility of the test material in acetone, dichloromethane and hexane was 2 681.0 g/L, 1 148.0 g/L and 16.69 g/L respectively at 20 °C.

Reference 5

Endpoint:

solubility in organic solvents / fat solubility

Type of information:

experimental study

Adequacy of study:

key study

Study period:

26 April 1994 to 05 May 1994

Reliability:

2 (reliable with restrictions)

Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:

guideline study with acceptable restrictions

Qualifier:

according to guideline

Guideline:

other: OECD 105: "Water solubility (column elution method - flask method)"

Version / remarks:

12 May 1981

Deviations:

no

Qualifier:

according to guideline

Guideline:

other: EEC-Directive 92/69 EEC, Part A, Methods for the determination of physico-chemical properties, A.6: "Water solubility". EEC Publication no. L383

Version / remarks:

December 1992

Deviations:

no

GLP compliance:

yes

Key result

Medium:

acetone

Solubility:

> 1 000 g/L

Temp.:

20 °C

Key result

Medium:

ethyl acetate

Solubility:

> 1 000 g/L

Temp.:

20 °C

Key result

Medium:

methanol

Solubility:

> 1 000 g/L

Temp.:

20 °C

Key result

Medium:

other: 2-propanol

Solubility:

> 1 000 g/L

Temp.:

20 °C

Key result

Medium:

acetonitrile

Solubility:

758 g/L

Temp.:

20 °C

Key result

Medium:

other: dichloromethane

Solubility:

969 g/L

Temp.:

20 °C

Key result

Medium:

other: n-heptane

Solubility:

8.65 g/L

Temp.:

20 °C

Key result

Medium:

other: 1-octenol

Solubility:

710 g/L

Temp.:

20 °C

Key result

Medium:

other: p-xylene

Solubility:

314 g/L

Temp.:

20 °C

Test substance stable:

yes

Details on results:

The chromatograms of the pretreated samples were comparable with the chromatograms of the standard dilutions. The chromatograms of the pretreated blanks did not show any peak with the same retention as the test material.

PRELIMINARY TESTS
The solubility of the test material in acetone, ethylacetate, methanol and 2-propanol was estimated to be > 1 000 g/L.
The solubility of the test material in acetonitrile, dichloromethane, n-heptane, 1-octanol and p-xylene was estimated to be 758 g/L, 968 g/L, 8.11 g/L, 777 g/L and 300 g/L.
No significant differences were observed between the concentrations analysed after the second and third centrifugation step.

MAIN STUDY
The 24, 48 and 72 hours measurements were in agreement. Therefore, the n-heptane, 1-octanol and p-xylene solubility of the test material was calculated as the mean value of all measurements.

Results of the n-Heptane Solubility of the Test Material at 20.0 ± 1.0 °C. 

Stirring Time [hours]	Concentrations Analysed [g/L]*	Mean Concentration [g/L]
24	8.49 / 8.58**	8.54
48	8.40 / 8.59**	8.50
72	8.87 / 8.94**	8.91
Mean		8.65

* Mean value of duplicate analysis.

** Duplicate samples.

 

Results of the 1-Octanol Solubility of the Test Material at 20.0 ± 1.0 °C. 

Stirring Time [hours]	Concentrations Analysed [g/L]*	Mean Concentration [g/L]
24	687 / 718**	703
48	751 / 7.59**	755
72	669 / 677**	673
Mean		710

* Mean value of duplicate analysis.

** Duplicate samples.

 

Results of the p-Xylene Solubility of the Test Material at 20.0 ± 1.0 °C. 

Stirring Time [hours]	Concentrations Analysed [g/L]*	Mean Concentration [g/L]
24	312 / 317**	315
48	318 / 314**	316
72	307 / 315**	311
Mean		314

* Mean value of duplicate analysis.

** Duplicate samples.

Conclusions:

Under the conditions of the study the solubility of the test material in acetone, ethylacetate, methanol and 2-propanol was estimated to be > 1 000 g/L at room temperature.
The solubility of the test material in acetonitrile and dichloromethane was determined to be 758 g/L and 968 g/L at room temperature.
The solubility of the test material in n-heptane, 1-octanol and p-xylene was determined to be 8.65 g/L, 710 g/L and 314 g/L at 20.0 ± 1.0 °C, using the flask method.

Executive summary:

The solubility of the test material in nine organic solvents was assessed according to OECD Test Guideline 105 and EU Method A.6. and in compliance with GLP.

For each solvent, a preliminary test was carried out as a range finding test prior to performance of the main study (using either the flask or column elution method). During the preliminary test, the solubility of the test material in acetone, ethylacetate, methanol and 2-propanol was determined to be > 1 000 g/L and therefore it was not necessary to perform the main study for these solvents. Because the solubility of the test material in acetonitrile and dichloromethane was also very high (>750 g/L), the main study was also not carried out for these solvents.

The flask method was used for subsequent performance of the main study. For the determination of the solubility in n-heptane, 1-octanol and p-xylene, amounts of 1.03 - 1.12 g, 10.02 - 10.23 g, and 10.00 - 10.09 g of the test material, respectively, were weighed into each of three Erlenmeyer flasks. To each flask, 10 mL (for n-heptane 25 mL) organic solvent was added. The flasks were securely closed and placed on a magnetic stirring device in a thermostatically controlled water-bath at 30 °C. The content of each flask was stirred for 24, 48 or 72 hours. After the stirring periods, the flasks were removed from the water-bath and re-equilibrated for 24 hours at 20.0 ± 0.5 °C, with occasional agitation. The concentration of the test material was determined using HPLC.

Under the conditions of the study the solubility of the test material in acetone, ethylacetate, methanol and 2-propanol was estimated to be > 1 000 g/L at room temperature. The solubility of the test material in acetonitrile and dichloromethane was determined to be 758 g/L and 968 g/L at room temperature. The solubility of the test material in n-heptane, 1-octanol and p-xylene was determined to be 8.65 g/L, 710 g/L and 314 g/L at 20.0 ± 1.0 °C, using the flask method.

Reference 6

Endpoint:

solubility in organic solvents / fat solubility

Type of information:

experimental study

Adequacy of study:

supporting study

Study period:

March 1994

Reliability:

2 (reliable with restrictions)

Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:

guideline study with acceptable restrictions

Qualifier:

according to guideline

Guideline:

other: EPA Guideline, Subdivision D, 63 - 8.

Deviations:

no

GLP compliance:

yes (incl. QA statement)

Key result

Medium:

acetone

Solubility:

198 other: g/100 mL solvent

Temp.:

20 °C

Key result

Medium:

methanol

Solubility:

332 other: g/100 mL solvent

Temp.:

20 °C

Key result

Medium:

other: 2-Propanol

Solubility:

217 other: g/100 mL solvent

Temp.:

20 °C

Key result

Medium:

ethyl acetate

Solubility:

128 other: g/100 mL solvent

Temp.:

20 °C

Key result

Medium:

acetonitrile

Solubility:

94 other: g/100 mL solvent

Temp.:

20 °C

Key result

Medium:

other: Dichloromethane

Solubility:

127 other: g/100 mL solvent

Temp.:

20 °C

Key result

Medium:

toluene

Solubility:

39 other: g/100 mL solvent

Temp.:

20 °C

Key result

Medium:

other: n-Heptane

Solubility:

0.749 other: g/100 mL solvent

Temp.:

20 °C

Key result

Medium:

other: 1-Octanol

Solubility:

84.6 other: g/100 mL solvent

Temp.:

20 °C

Key result

Medium:

other: Olive oil

Solubility:

9.71 other: g/100 mL solvent

Temp.:

20 °C

Test substance stable:

not determined

Details on results:

The test material is readily soluble in most of the tested solvents, with the exception of n-heptane in which it is slightly soluble, and olive oil in which it is moderately soluble.

Solvent	g/100 mL Solution	g/100 mL Solvent
Acetone	75.4	198
Methanol	89.7	332
2-Propanol	77.7	217
Ethylacetate	62.5	128
Acetonitrile	51.8	94.0
Dichloromethane	58.0	127
Toluene	29.6	39.0
n-Heptane	0.745	0.749
1-Octanol	50.1	84.6
Olive oil	9.04	9.71

Conclusions:

Under the conditions of the study the test material is readily soluble in most of the tested solvents, with the exception of n-heptane in which it is slightly soluble, and olive oil in which it is moderately soluble.

Executive summary:

The solubility of the test material in organic solvents was assessed according to EPA Guideline, Subdivision D, 63 - 8 and in compliance with GLP.

The concentrations of the saturated solutions were measured by quantitative thin layer chromatography.

A weighed amount of the test material was filled into a 4 mL flask. 0.5 mL of an organic solvent was added. In a tempered water bath the mixture was magnetically stirred at 20 °C for 2 hours. Solids remained in all the samples. The samples remained for an additional hour in the water bath without stirring. The saturated solutions were separated (from the remaining solids) by filtering through an Anotop-filter. An aliquot of 0.5 mL of the filtrates was transferred into measuring flasks respectively. The weight of the aliquots were determined before filling up to the mark with diisopropylether. If necessary further dilutions were made. For quantification by TLC, calibration solutions were prepared and applied to every TLC-plate used. A weighed amount of about 53 mg of the test material was dissolved in a 50 mL measuring flask with diisopropylether.

Under the conditions of the study the test material is readily soluble in most of the tested solvents, with the exception of n-heptane in which it is slightly soluble, and olive oil in which it is moderately soluble.

Description of key information

Comb (2000)

Under the conditions of the study the solubility of the test material was found to be 9.75 g/L in n-heptane; greater than 250 g/L in xylene; greater than 250 g/L in 1,2-dichloroethane; greater than 250 g/L in methanol; 177 g/L in n-octanol; greater than 250 g/L in acetone; and greater than 250 g/L in ethyl acetate.

O'Connor (1990)

Under the conditions of the study the solubility of the test material in acetone, dichloromethane and hexane was 2 681.0 g/L, 1 148.0 g/L and 16.69 g/L respectively at 20°C.

Wilson (2014)

Under the conditions of the study the solubility of the test material in organic solvents was found to be < 10g/L in heptane and greater than 250 g/L in toluene, dichloroethane, methanol, acetone and ethyl acetate.

Wilson (2015)

Under the conditions of the study the solubility of the test material in Heptane was determined to be 7.69 g/L at 20 °C.

Leeyen (1994b)

Under the conditions of the study the solubility of the test material in acetone, ethylacetate, methanol and 2-propanol was estimated to be > 1 000 g/L at room temperature. The solubility of the test material in acetonitrile and dichloromethane was determined to be 758 g/L and 968 g/L at room temperature. The solubility of the test material in n-heptane, 1-octanol and p-xylene was determined to be 8.65 g/L, 710 g/L and 314 g/L at 20.0 ± 1.0 °C, using the flask method.

Supporting Study: Türk (1994)

Under the conditions of the study the test material is readily soluble in most of the tested solvents, with the exception of n-heptane in which it is slightly soluble, and olive oil in which it is moderately soluble.

Additional information

Comb (2000)

The solvent solubility of the test material was assessed according to EPA OPPTS Method 830.7840 and in compliance with GLP using a flask shake method based on EEC Method A6. The study was awarded a reliability score of 1 in accordance with the criteria set forth by Klimisch et al. (1997).

The method consists of measuring the concentration of the test material in saturated solutions by an appropriate chromatography method, in this case HPLC. The solubility of the test material was determined in each of the following solvents: n-Heptane, xylene, 1,2-dichloroethane, methanol, n-octanol, acetone and ethyl acetate.

The detector calibration was found to be linear over the range 0 to 218 mg/L of standard solutions in mobile phase with a regression coefficient of 1.0000.

No significant peaks were observed in the chromatograms of control samples indicating that the analytical method was free from interference.

Under the conditions of the study the solubility of the test material was found to be 9.75 g/L in n-heptane; greater than 250 g/L in xylene; greater than 250 g/L in 1,2-dichloroethane; greater than 250 g/L in methanol; 177 g/L in n-octanol; greater than 250 g/L in acetone; and greater than 250 g/L in ethyl acetate.

O'Connor (1990)

The solubility of the test material was assessed according to EPA FIFRA Subdivision D § 63-8 and in compliance with GLP using the flask method. The study was awarded a reliability score of 1 in accordance with the criteria set forth by Klimisch et al. (1997).

The solubility of the test material was determined inacetone, dichloromethane and hexane. Test material content was analysed by HPLC/UV analysis.

Under the conditions of the study the solubility of the test material in acetone, dichloromethane and hexane was 2 681.0 g/L, 1 148.0 g/L and 16.69 g/L respectively at 20 °C.

Wilson (2014)

The solubility of the test material in organic solvents was assessed according to CIPAC method MT181 and in compliance with GLP. The study was awarded a reliability score of 1 in accordance with the criteria set forth by Klimisch et al. (1997).

The approximate amount of test material as determined by the preliminary test was weighed in duplicate into 10 mL stoppered measuring cylinders (two determinations per solvent) and 2 mL solvent added to each. The mixture was shaken for 10 minutes (or until the test material was observed to have fully dissolved) and placed in an incubator at 20 ± 1 °C for at least 30 minutes, with intermittent shaking. Further additions of solvent were made according to the procedure where the test material had not dissolved, with the shaking/incubation procedure repeated after each solvent addition.

In each of the solutions, with the exception of Heptane, solubility was achieved within 1 minute of shaking, and the test material remained in solution after the 30 minute incubation period.

In the case of Heptane, whilst the preliminary test suggested a solubility range of 25 - 33 g/L, under the controlled conditions of the main test the test material was observed to be partially undissolved after each solvent addition and shaking/ incubation period, with material remaining at the end of the test.

Under the conditions of the study the solubility of the test material in organic solvents was found to be < 10g/L in heptane and greater than 250 g/L in toluene, dichloroethane, methanol, acetone and ethyl acetate.

Wilson (2015)

The solubility of the test material in heptane was assessed according to CIPAC method MT157 and in compliance with GLP. The study was awarded a reliability score of 2 in accordance with the criteria set forth by Klimisch et al. (1997).

Approximately 1.5 g of the test material was added to 100 mL Heptane in a wide necked conical flask. The mixture was stirred in an incubator at 20 ± 1 °C using a magnetic stirrer. After 30 minutes stirring, an aliquot of approximately 5 mL of the solution was filtered through a 0.45 μm syringe filter into a 20 mL scintillation vial and capped. Stirring was recommenced, and further 5 mL samples were taken after 1, 2 and 4 hours stirring. The temperature in the incubator was monitored throughout the period and recorded at each sampling point. The temperature remained at 20° C throughout the stirring period. The test material content of the heptane solutions was determined by HPLC using an external standard procedure.

The concentration of the test material in solution does not change significantly between 30 minutes and 4 hours, therefore the solution can be considered to be saturated. The mean solubility is calculated from the 7 values obtained (outlier excluded). The %RSD of the determinations was calculated at 1.01 %, thus demonstrating acceptable precision.

Under the conditions of the study the solubility of the test material in Heptane was determined to be 7.69 g/L at 20 °C.

Leeyen (1994b)

The solubility of the test material in nine organic solvents was assessed according to OECD Test Guideline 105 and EU Method A.6. and in compliance with GLP. The study was awarded a reliability score of 2 in accordance with the criteria set forth by Klimisch et al. (1997).

For each solvent, a preliminary test was carried out as a range finding test prior to performance of the main study (using either the flask or column elution method). During the preliminary test, the solubility of the test material in acetone, ethylacetate, methanol and 2-propanol was determined to be > 1 000 g/L and therefore it was not necessary to perform the main study for these solvents. Because the solubility of the test material in acetonitrile and dichloromethane was also very high (>750 g/L), the main study was also not carried out for these solvents.

The flask method was used for subsequent performance of the main study. For the determination of the solubility in n-heptane, 1-octanol and p-xylene, amounts of 1.03 - 1.12 g, 10.02 - 10.23 g, and 10.00 - 10.09 g of the test material, respectively, were weighed into each of three Erlenmeyer flasks. To each flask, 10 mL (for n-heptane 25 mL) organic solvent was added. The flasks were securely closed and placed on a magnetic stirring device in a thermostatically controlled water-bath at 30 °C. The content of each flask was stirred for 24, 48 or 72 hours. After the stirring periods, the flasks were removed from the water-bath and re-equilibrated for 24 hours at 20.0 ± 0.5 °C, with occasional agitation. The concentration of the test material was determined using HPLC.

Under the conditions of the study the solubility of the test material in acetone, ethylacetate, methanol and 2-propanol was estimated to be > 1 000 g/L at room temperature. The solubility of the test material in acetonitrile and dichloromethane was determined to be 758 g/L and 968 g/L at room temperature. The solubility of the test material in n-heptane, 1-octanol and p-xylene was determined to be 8.65 g/L, 710 g/L and 314 g/L at 20.0 ± 1.0 °C, using the flask method.

Supporting Study: Türk (1994)

The solubility of the test material in organic solvents was assessed according to EPA Guideline, Subdivision D, 63 - 8 and in compliance with GLP. The study was awarded a reliability score of 2 in accordance with the criteria set forth by Klimisch et al. (1997).

The concentrations of the saturated solutions were measured by quantitative thin layer chromatography.

A weighed amount of the test material was filled into a 4 mL flask. 0.5 mL of an organic solvent was added. In a tempered water bath the mixture was magnetically stirred at 20 °C for 2 hours. Solids remained in all the samples. The samples remained for an additional hour in the water bath without stirring. The saturated solutions were separated (from the remaining solids) by filtering through an Anotop-filter. An aliquot of 0.5 mL of the filtrates was transferred into measuring flasks respectively. The weight of the aliquots were determined before filling up to the mark with diisopropylether. If necessary further dilutions were made. For quantification by TLC, calibration solutions were prepared and applied to every TLC-plate used. A weighed amount of about 53 mg of the test material was dissolved in a 50 mL measuring flask with diisopropylether.

Under the conditions of the study the test material is readily soluble in most of the tested solvents, with the exception of n-heptane in which it is slightly soluble, and olive oil in which it is moderately soluble.