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EC number: 446-630-3 | CAS number: 181587-01-9
- Life Cycle description
- Uses advised against
- Endpoint summary
- Appearance / physical state / colour
- Melting point / freezing point
- Boiling point
- Density
- Particle size distribution (Granulometry)
- Vapour pressure
- Partition coefficient
- Water solubility
- Solubility in organic solvents / fat solubility
- Surface tension
- Flash point
- Auto flammability
- Flammability
- Explosiveness
- Oxidising properties
- Oxidation reduction potential
- Stability in organic solvents and identity of relevant degradation products
- Storage stability and reactivity towards container material
- Stability: thermal, sunlight, metals
- pH
- Dissociation constant
- Viscosity
- Additional physico-chemical information
- Additional physico-chemical properties of nanomaterials
- Nanomaterial agglomeration / aggregation
- Nanomaterial crystalline phase
- Nanomaterial crystallite and grain size
- Nanomaterial aspect ratio / shape
- Nanomaterial specific surface area
- Nanomaterial Zeta potential
- Nanomaterial surface chemistry
- Nanomaterial dustiness
- Nanomaterial porosity
- Nanomaterial pour density
- Nanomaterial photocatalytic activity
- Nanomaterial radical formation potential
- Nanomaterial catalytic activity
- Endpoint summary
- Stability
- Biodegradation
- Bioaccumulation
- Transport and distribution
- Environmental data
- Additional information on environmental fate and behaviour
- Ecotoxicological Summary
- Aquatic toxicity
- Endpoint summary
- Short-term toxicity to fish
- Long-term toxicity to fish
- Short-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Long-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Toxicity to aquatic algae and cyanobacteria
- Toxicity to aquatic plants other than algae
- Toxicity to microorganisms
- Endocrine disrupter testing in aquatic vertebrates – in vivo
- Toxicity to other aquatic organisms
- Sediment toxicity
- Terrestrial toxicity
- Biological effects monitoring
- Biotransformation and kinetics
- Additional ecotoxological information
- Toxicological Summary
- Toxicokinetics, metabolism and distribution
- Acute Toxicity
- Irritation / corrosion
- Sensitisation
- Repeated dose toxicity
- Genetic toxicity
- Carcinogenicity
- Toxicity to reproduction
- Specific investigations
- Exposure related observations in humans
- Toxic effects on livestock and pets
- Additional toxicological data
Adsorption / desorption
Administrative data
Link to relevant study record(s)
- Endpoint:
- adsorption / desorption: screening
- Type of information:
- experimental study
- Adequacy of study:
- supporting study
- Study period:
- 16 Dec 2003 - 16 Feb 2004
- Reliability:
- 2 (reliable with restrictions)
- Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:
- guideline study with acceptable restrictions
- Qualifier:
- according to guideline
- Guideline:
- OECD Guideline 106 (Adsorption - Desorption Using a Batch Equilibrium Method)
- Version / remarks:
- adopted in 2000
- Deviations:
- yes
- Remarks:
- The soils used in the study are those required by Brazilian Environmental Agency (IBAMA) and are different from those requested by OECD 106.
- GLP compliance:
- yes (incl. QA statement)
- Remarks:
- Ministry of Health, Welfare and Sport, The Netherlands, 22 Apr 2002
- Type of method:
- batch equilibrium method
- Media:
- soil
- Radiolabelling:
- yes
- Test temperature:
- Test tubes were incubated under shaking at 19 - 21 °C.
- Details on study design: HPLC method:
- EQUIPMENT
- Apparatus: HPLC
- Type: HP 1090
- Type, material and dimension of analytical (guard) column: Phenomenex Lichrospher RP18, 250 mm x 4.6 mm, 5 µm
- Detection system: Diode Array Detector and Flow Scintillation Detector
MOBILE PHASES
- Type: methanol:0.1% H3PO4 in gradient, 10:90 rising linearly to 90:10 at 30 min
REFERENCE SUBSTANCES
- Identity:
DETERMINATION OF RETENTION TIMES
- Quantity of test substance introduced in the column: 0.3 µg
REPETITIONS
- Number of determinations:
EVALUATION
- Calculation of capacity factors k':
- Calculation of retention times:
- Determination of the log Koc value: - Details on matrix:
- COLLECTION AND STORAGE
- Geographic location:
(1) Typic Humaquept: 22°35'12'' S/47°35'34" W, natural pasture/hygrophyte area, never exposed to pesticide treatments;
(2) Rhodic Hapludox: 22°45'06" S/47°34'O1" W, was cultivated with sugar cane and received application of isoxaflutole and ametryn in the last 12 months;
(3) Typic Hapludox: 22°50'17" S/47°37'31" W, was cultivated with sugar cane and received application of isoxaflutole and ametryn in the last 12 months
- Sampling depth (cm): 0 - 20 cm
- Soil preparation: air-dried and sieved using a 2 mm mesh
PROPERTIES (1)
- Soil texture: 24% sand, 21% silt, 54% clay
- Soil taxonomic classification: Typic Humaquept
- Soil classification system: USDA, 1998
- pH (CaCl2): 4.9
- Soil organic matter (g/kg): 79
- CEC (meq/100 g): 21.4
PROPERTIES (2)
- Soil texture: - Soil texture: 41% sand, 6% silt, 53% clay
- Soil taxonomic classification: Rhodic Hapludox
- Soil classification system: USDA, 1998
- pH (CaCl2): 5.2
- Soil organic matter (g/kg): 36
- CEC (meq/100 g): 9.7
PROPERTIES (3)
- Soil texture: - Soil texture: 82% sand, 4% silt, 14% clay
- Soil taxonomic classification: Typic Hapludox
- Soil classification system: USDA, 1998
- pH (CaCl2): 4.6
- Soil organic matter (g/kg): 24
- CEC (meq/100 g): 6.3 - Details on test conditions:
- TEST CONDITIONS
- Buffer: 10 mM CaCl2
TEST SYSTEM
- Type, size and further details on reaction vessel: Teflon tubes, tightly capped
- Method of preparation of test solution: see Table 1.
- Adsorption: 1.0 g of soil and 10 mL of each treatment solution were conditioned in centrifuge tubes. Afterwards, the soils were transferred into centrifuge tubes which were tightly capped and were shaken vigorously for several seconds with a vortex mixer. Then, tubes were shaken horizontally in a mechanic shaker (180 rpm, 1 h), at constant temperature (19 to 21 °C). Subsequently, tubes were centrifuged at 6000 rpm, for 5 minutes. Two 1-mL aliquots were taken from the supernatant and added into the scintillation vials containing 10 mL of scintillation cocktail for radioactivity measurement.
- Desorption: After the adsorption step, the supernatant was drained and 10 mL of fresh 10 mM CaCl2 solution was added to the soils. Tubes were shaken again in a mechanic shaker (180 rpm, 1 h), at constant temperature (19 to 21 °C). Afterwards, tubes were centrifuged at 6000 rpm for 5 minutes. Two 1-mL aliquots were taken from the new supernatant and added into the scintillation vials containing 10 mL of scintillation cocktail. Radioactivity in the new equilibrium solution was measured. - Sample No.:
- #1
- Duration:
- 1 h
- Sample No.:
- #2
- Duration:
- 1 h
- Sample No.:
- #3
- Duration:
- 1 h
- Type:
- Koc
- Value:
- 109.4
- Remarks on result:
- other: Mean Koc value, 19 - 21 °C
- Type:
- Kd
- Value:
- 6.3
- Remarks on result:
- other: Soil #1, 19 - 21 °C
- Type:
- Kd
- Value:
- 1.63
- Remarks on result:
- other: Soil #2, 19 - 21 °C
- Type:
- Kd
- Value:
- 1.57
- Remarks on result:
- other: Soil #3, 19 - 21 °C
- Details on results (HPLC method):
- - Adsorption data: The percentages adsorbed of Ethiprole ranged between 35.31% and 40.82%, 11.69% and 16.01%, and 11.91% and 15.37% for soil no. 1, 2 and 3, respectively.
- Desorption data: The percentages desorbed ranged between 41.25% and 45.36%, 55.28% and 60.54% and 54.19% and 59.76% for soil no. 1, 2 and 3, respectively.
- Total radioactivity recovery ranged from 97.97% to 99.10%. - Validity criteria fulfilled:
- not applicable
- Endpoint:
- adsorption / desorption: screening
- Remarks:
- adsorption/desorption
- Type of information:
- experimental study
- Adequacy of study:
- key study
- Study period:
- 13 Oct - 12 Nov 1997
- Reliability:
- 1 (reliable without restriction)
- Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:
- guideline study
- Qualifier:
- according to guideline
- Guideline:
- other: FIFRA, 40 CFR Part 158, Subdivision N, 163-1 (2)
- Qualifier:
- according to guideline
- Guideline:
- OECD Guideline 106 (Adsorption - Desorption Using a Batch Equilibrium Method)
- Version / remarks:
- 1981
- GLP compliance:
- yes
- Type of method:
- batch equilibrium method
- Media:
- soil
- Radiolabelling:
- yes
- Test temperature:
- 20 ± 1 °C
- Analytical monitoring:
- yes
- Details on matrix:
- COLLECTION AND STORAGE
- Geographic location:
(195) Clay loam: Northwood ND, USA
(198) Sandy loam: Madera CA, USA
(199) Silty clay loam: Stuttgart AR, USA
(204) Sandy loam: Pond at Columbia MO, USA
(205) Loam: Northwood ND, USA
- Soil preparation: The soils were sieved through a standard 2-mm mesh screen before using
PROPERTIES (195)
- Soil texture: 25% sand, 45% silt, 30% clay
- Soil taxonomic classification: Clay loam
- Soil classification system: USDA
- pH: 6.4
- Organic matter (%): 4.9
- CEC (meq/100 g): 27.4
- Bulk density (g/cm3): 1.00
PROPERTIES (198)
- Soil texture: 58% sand, 30% silt, 12% clay
- Soil taxonomic classification: Sandy loam
- Soil classification system: USDA
- pH: 7.5
- Organic matter (%): 0.6
- CEC (meq/100 g): 5.3
- Bulk density (g/cm3): 1.35
PROPERTIES (199)
- Soil texture: 14% sand, 56% silt, 30% clay
- Soil taxonomic classification: Silty clay loam
- Soil classification system: USDA
- pH: 5.0
- Organic matter (%): 2.4
- CEC (meq/100 g): 13.4
- Bulk density (g/cm3): 1.12
PROPERTIES (204)
- Soil texture 62% sand, 28% silt, 10% clay
- Soil taxonomic classification: Sandy loam
- Soil classification system: USDA
- pH: 7.9
- Organic matter (%): 1.6
- CEC (meq/100 g): 26.1
- Bulk density (g/cm3): 1.17
PROPERTIES (205)
- Soil texture: 38% sand, 38% silt, 24% clay
- Soil taxonomic classification: Loam
- Soil classification system: USDA
- pH: 6.3
- Organic matter (%): 5.7
- CEC (meq/100 g): 27.6
- Bulk density (g/cm3): 1.03 - Details on test conditions:
- TEST CONDITIONS
- Buffer: 0.01 M CaCl2
- pH:
- Suspended solids concentration:
- other:
TEST SYSTEM
- Type, size and further details on reaction vessel: 15 or 50 mL borosilicate glass culture tubes with teflon lined screw caps. For container adsorption determination 50 mL teflon centrifuge tubes were also used.
- Water filtered: yes, tap water used was demineralised, passed over ion-exchange resin beds, purified by a Milli-Q system and finally passed through a 0.2 µm filter unit.
- Amount of soil and water per treatment (if simulation test): 2000 g dry weight equivalents of soils 195 and 205 and 5000 g dry weight equivalents of soils 198, 199 and 204 were used. 0.327, 0.336, 0.572, 0.164 and 0.273 mL of water were added to the soils 195, 198, 199, 204 and 205, respectively.
- Soil-water ratio (if simulation test): Soil: water ratio of 1:5 for soils #195 and 205 and 1:2 for soils #198, 199 and 204
- Number of reaction vessels/concentration: 2
- Equipment: The sample tubes were agitated on a platform shaker located in a 20 ± 1 °C Environmental Chamber for the adsorption and desorption equilibration periods. Samples were stored at 4 °C prior to analysis. Centrifugation for separation of the liquid and solid phases was accomplished using an IEC Centra-HN benchtop centrifuge. Liquid aliquots were measured and transferred using varying sizes of Hamilton syringes, or using a 1000 µL adjustable volume electronic pipette, a 100 µL adjustable volume Eppendorf auto-pipette, or 200 µL adjustable volume Oxford auto-pipette.
- Test performed in closed vessels: yes - Sample No.:
- #1
- Duration:
- 24 h
- Initial conc. measured:
- 0.05 other: µg/mL
- Sample No.:
- #2
- Duration:
- 24 h
- Initial conc. measured:
- 0.15 other: µg/mL
- Sample No.:
- #3
- Duration:
- 24 h
- Initial conc. measured:
- 0.5 other: µg/mL
- Sample No.:
- #4
- Duration:
- 24 h
- Initial conc. measured:
- 1 other: µg/mL
- Type:
- Koc
- Value:
- 123
- Temp.:
- 20 °C
- Remarks on result:
- other: Mean Koc value
- Type:
- Kd
- Value:
- 4.17
- Temp.:
- 20 °C
- % Org. carbon:
- 4.9
- Remarks on result:
- other: Soil #195
- Type:
- Kd
- Value:
- 0.366
- Temp.:
- 20 °C
- % Org. carbon:
- 0.6
- Remarks on result:
- other: Soil #198
- Type:
- Kd
- Value:
- 1.45
- Temp.:
- 20 °C
- % Org. carbon:
- 2.4
- Remarks on result:
- other: Soil #199
- Type:
- Kd
- Value:
- 1.12
- Temp.:
- 20 °C
- % Org. carbon:
- 1.6
- Remarks on result:
- other: Soil #204 (Sediment)
- Type:
- Kd
- Value:
- 4.65
- Temp.:
- 20 °C
- % Org. carbon:
- 5.7
- Remarks on result:
- other: Soil #205
- Duration:
- 24 h
- % Adsorption:
- > 97.8 - < 102.4
- Details on results (Batch equilibrium method):
- PRELIMINARY TESTS
- Container Adsorption: The percent of the test substance adsorbed to the container walls after 24 h of equilibration in 50 mL teflon centrifuge tubes, 15 mL borosilicate glass culture tubes, and silanized 15 mL borosilicate glass culture tubes was 0.098, -0.491, and -0.786 percent, respectively. Adsorption to all tube types is insignificant and borosilicate tubes were chosen for the test.
- Filter Adsorption: Filter adsorption was determined on a variety of syringe filters. It was found that adsorption of the test substance to the Whatman 0.2 µm PVDF syringe filter (7%) was insignificant when solutions were diluted 1:4 (v:v) acetonitrile:dosing solution.
OTHER
- The Koc values ranged from 104 to 147 in the five soil samples tested and showed good correlation to the organic matter content which ranged from 0.6 to 5.7 in the five soils.
- The test substance was stable during the course of the study. - Validity criteria fulfilled:
- not applicable
Referenceopen allclose all
- A preliminary screening test showed that there was no significant adsorption on the test vessel. Based on HPLC analysis, the test substance was found to be stable in the treatment solution over 73 h.
- Mass balance in the adsorption/desorption test: Soil (1) 99.10% ± 1.29%, soil (2) 98.65% ± 0.66%, soil (3) 97.97% ± 0.65%
- The Koc values for the single soil samples were 137.4 (soil #1), 78.0 (soil #2) and 112.7 (soil #3).
Table 1: Summary of the adsorption results.
Soil Matrix |
Organic Matter (%) |
Soil:Water |
14C Mass Balance |
Adsorbed (%) |
Kd |
Koc |
Correlation (r) |
195 |
4.9 |
1:5 |
99.4 ± 1.9 |
52.1 ± 5.3 |
4.17 |
147 |
0.9983 |
198 |
0.6 |
1:2 |
99.0 ± 1.4 |
18.1 ± 2.9 |
0.37 |
105 |
0.9984 |
199 |
2.4 |
1:2 |
99.9 ± 2.5 |
45.8 ± 4.0 |
1.45 |
104 |
0.9999 |
204 |
1.6 |
1:2 |
102.4 ± 4.4 |
38.0 ± 2.0 |
1.12 |
121 |
0.9996 |
205 |
5.7 |
1:5 |
97.8 ± 1.7 |
56.2 ± 6.4 |
4.65 |
140 |
0.9961 |
Table 2: Summary of the desorption results.
Soil Matrix |
Desorbed (%) |
Not Desorbed (%) |
||||
Wash 1 |
Wash 2 |
Wash 3 |
Wash 1 |
Wash 2 |
Wash 3 |
|
195 |
37.4 ± 4.1 |
30.9 ± 4.3 |
25.5 ± 3.9 |
62.6 ± 4.1 |
69.1 ± 4.3 |
74.5 ± 3.9 |
198 |
72.0 ± 5.9 |
56.8 ± 7.9 |
40.9 ± 9.2 |
28.0 ± 5.9 |
43.2 ± 7.9 |
59.1 ± 9.2 |
199 |
45.6 ± 4.9 |
37.1 ± 4.5 |
30.2 ± 4.1 |
54.4 ± 4.9 |
62.9 ± 4.5 |
69. 8 ± 4.1 |
204 |
56.2 ± 2.5 |
48.5 ± 3.1 |
41.7 ± 4.0 |
43.8 ± 2.5 |
51.5 ± 3.1 |
58.3 ± 4.0 |
205 |
32.2 ± 4.3 |
25.9 ± 4.3 |
21.5 ± 3.5 |
67.8 ± 4.3 |
74.1 ± 4.3 |
78.5 ± 3.5 |
Description of key information
log Koc = 2.09
Key value for chemical safety assessment
- Koc at 20 °C:
- 123
Additional information
The mobility of the substance in soil can be estimated based on its sorption constant. Two GLP studies are available for the substance. The first study employed a batch equilibrium method according to FIFRA guideline 40 CFR Part 158, Subdivision N, 163-1 (2). Freundlich adsorption constants normalised to the organic carbon (OC) content Koc were determined for the substance in five different soils at 20 °C with values ranging from 104 to 147 (mean values: Koc 123, log Koc 2.09).
This result is supported by a second study applying a batch equilibrium method according to OECD guideline 106 with three soil types different from those required by the guideline. Freundlich adsorption constants Koc were determined with values ranging from 78 to 137 (mean values: Koc 109, log Koc 2.04).
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