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EC number: 701-439-7 | CAS number: -
- Life Cycle description
- Uses advised against
- Endpoint summary
- Appearance / physical state / colour
- Melting point / freezing point
- Boiling point
- Density
- Particle size distribution (Granulometry)
- Vapour pressure
- Partition coefficient
- Water solubility
- Solubility in organic solvents / fat solubility
- Surface tension
- Flash point
- Auto flammability
- Flammability
- Explosiveness
- Oxidising properties
- Oxidation reduction potential
- Stability in organic solvents and identity of relevant degradation products
- Storage stability and reactivity towards container material
- Stability: thermal, sunlight, metals
- pH
- Dissociation constant
- Viscosity
- Additional physico-chemical information
- Additional physico-chemical properties of nanomaterials
- Nanomaterial agglomeration / aggregation
- Nanomaterial crystalline phase
- Nanomaterial crystallite and grain size
- Nanomaterial aspect ratio / shape
- Nanomaterial specific surface area
- Nanomaterial Zeta potential
- Nanomaterial surface chemistry
- Nanomaterial dustiness
- Nanomaterial porosity
- Nanomaterial pour density
- Nanomaterial photocatalytic activity
- Nanomaterial radical formation potential
- Nanomaterial catalytic activity
- Endpoint summary
- Stability
- Biodegradation
- Bioaccumulation
- Transport and distribution
- Environmental data
- Additional information on environmental fate and behaviour
- Ecotoxicological Summary
- Aquatic toxicity
- Endpoint summary
- Short-term toxicity to fish
- Long-term toxicity to fish
- Short-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Long-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Toxicity to aquatic algae and cyanobacteria
- Toxicity to aquatic plants other than algae
- Toxicity to microorganisms
- Endocrine disrupter testing in aquatic vertebrates – in vivo
- Toxicity to other aquatic organisms
- Sediment toxicity
- Terrestrial toxicity
- Biological effects monitoring
- Biotransformation and kinetics
- Additional ecotoxological information
- Toxicological Summary
- Toxicokinetics, metabolism and distribution
- Acute Toxicity
- Irritation / corrosion
- Sensitisation
- Repeated dose toxicity
- Genetic toxicity
- Carcinogenicity
- Toxicity to reproduction
- Specific investigations
- Exposure related observations in humans
- Toxic effects on livestock and pets
- Additional toxicological data
Short-term toxicity to fish
Administrative data
Link to relevant study record(s)
- Endpoint:
- short-term toxicity to fish
- Type of information:
- experimental study
- Adequacy of study:
- key study
- Study period:
- 2012-12-03 to 2012-12-14
- Reliability:
- 1 (reliable without restriction)
- Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:
- other: GLP guideline study
- Qualifier:
- according to guideline
- Guideline:
- OECD Guideline 203 (Fish, Acute Toxicity Test)
- Version / remarks:
- adopted 1992-07-17
- Deviations:
- no
- Qualifier:
- according to guideline
- Guideline:
- other: OECD Series on testing and assessment, Number 29. Guidance document on transformation/dissolution of metals and metal compounds in aqueous media. ENV/JM/MONO (2001)9, 23-July 2001.
- Version / remarks:
- According to OECD Series on Testing and Assessment # 29 (2001), “For hazard classification purposes the results of the dissolution/transformation protocol are compared with existing ecotoxicity data for metals and metal compounds. However, for purposes such as data validation, there might be cases where it may be appropriate to use the aqueous medium from a completed transformation test directly in an OECD 202 and 203 daphnia and fish ecotoxicity test. If the CaCl2.2H2O and MgSO4.7H2O concentrations of the transformation medium are reduced to one-fifth of the ISO 6341 medium, the completed transformation medium can also be used (upon the addition of micronutrients) in an OECD 201 algae ecotoxicity test.” Therefore, to assess the hazard potential of this pigment containing several different metals, an ecotoxicity validation test was performed applying the dissolved fraction collected after 7-d of transformation/dissolution of the pigment in the respective ecotoxicity medium.
- Deviations:
- no
- GLP compliance:
- yes (incl. QA statement)
- Remarks:
- signed 2011-02-07
- Specific details on test material used for the study:
- not applicable
- Analytical monitoring:
- yes
- Details on sampling:
- - Sampling method/Sample storage conditions before analysis:
Dissolved cobalt concentrations (the Co content of the test item is 41.4 %) were measured in all test solutions including the control at the start and end of the exposure period.
Duplicate samples of approximately 20 mL were taken. Solutions were examined for soapy bubbles or particles floating on the surface. The samples were filtered (0.22 µm polyether sulphone membrane syringe filter (DIAFIL PS, DIA-Nielsen GmbH & Co. KG, Düren, Germany) at room temperature (20-25°C), transferred into disposable polyethylene vials (Scintillation vials, Sarstedt, Nuembrecht, Germany ), acidified with HNO3 (final concentration 1- 3% HNO3) and were stored until further analysis. The concentrations of dissolved cobalt were determined by ICP-OES. - Vehicle:
- no
- Details on test solutions:
- PREPARATION AND APPLICATION OF TEST SOLUTION
- Method:
As the test item is a multi-component substance, toxicity was determined using the dissolved fraction(s) after 7-d Transformation/dissolution (T/D fraction). The T/D fractions for the various test concentrations were prepared individually in accordance with the OECD guidance document on transformation/dissolution of metals and metal compounds in aqueous media No. 29 (2001)*.
Appropriate amounts of test item were transferred into glass flasks and filled up with dilution water to obtain T/D loadings of 10, 32, 100, 320, and 1000 mg/L, respectivley. One flask was filled with dilution water only for the control. Flasks were stirred at 100 rpm for 7 days at 21.5°C. For each solution the insoluble parts were then separated from the aqueous phase and sterilised by filtration through a 0.22 μm filter (Syringe Filters DIAFIL PS (Polyether sulfone, PES) DIA-Nielsen GmbH & Co. KG, Düren, Germany) under sterile conditions. The filtrated T/D fractions were directly used for the acute fish toxicity test. The test vessels were filled with 2.5 L of the filtered T/D fractions containing the test item. Dilution water was used as blank control.
- Controls: dilution water was used as negative control.
*Reference:
- OECD Series on testing and assessment, Number 29. Guidance document on transformation/dissolution of metals and metal compounds in aqueous media. ENV/JM/MONO (2001)9, 23-July 2001. - Test organisms (species):
- Danio rerio (previous name: Brachydanio rerio)
- Details on test organisms:
- TEST ORGANISM
- Common name: zebrafish
- Species: Danio rerio (Teleostei, Cyprinidae)
- Source: test facility breed
- Length at study initiation (subsample of the fish used in the test was weighed (n = 7)): 1.9 to 2.5 cm; mean ± SD: 2.2 ± 0.3 cm
- Weight at study initiation: 0.08 to 0.12 g; mean ± SD: 0.104 g ± 0.02 g
- No feeding of the fish occurred during the test and 24 hours prior to test start.
ACCLIMATION
- Acclimation period: at least 12 days prior to the test
- Acclimation conditions: fish were held under equivalent water quality and illumination conditions to those proposed for use in the test.
- Type and amount of food: fish were fed throughout the holding period with live brine shrimp (Artemia spp.) nauplii and ground flake food TetraMinR (Tetra Werke, Melle, Germany).
- Feeding frequency: once daily; ad libitum
- Health during acclimation (any mortality observed): only healthy fish without diseases and abnormalities were used in the study. Mortality of the batch was less than 5 % in the week preceding the start of the study. - Test type:
- static
- Water media type:
- freshwater
- Limit test:
- no
- Total exposure duration:
- 96 h
- Hardness:
- total hardness (holding and dilution water): 1.1 mmol/L
- Test temperature:
- 23.1 to 23.2°C
- pH:
- between 8.09 and 8.45
- Dissolved oxygen:
- oxygen saturation: 92 to 99%
- Salinity:
- not applicable.
- Nominal and measured concentrations:
- Nominal concentrations: 10, 32, 100, 320, and 1000 mg/L
- Details on test conditions:
- TEST SYSTEM
- Test vessel: 3 L glass beakers filled with 2.5 L of test solution
- Aeration: test media in the vessels was slightly aerated via a glass capillary.
- No. of organisms per vessel: 7 fish
- The mean weight resulted in a loading of 0.3 g/L test medium
TEST MEDIUM / WATER PARAMETERS
- Source/preparation of dilution water: purified drinking water was used according to the OECD-guideline 203 (1992). The purification inlcudes filtration with activated charcoal, passage through a lime-stone column and aeration until oxygen saturation. To avoid copper contamination, plastic water pipes are used in the test facility.
Typical water chemistry data of the holding and dilution water are presented below.
- Conductivity: 212.5 µS/cm
- pH: 8.9
- dissolved oxygen content: 106%
- total residual chlorine: <0.02 mg/L
- nitrate: 1.1 mg/L
- nitrite: <0.005 mg/L
- ammonium: <0.01 mg/L
- phosphate: 1.57 mg/L
- total hardness: 1.1 mmol/L
- alkalinity: 2 mmol/L
- calcium: 0.8 mmol/L
- magnesium: 0.3 mmol/L
- NPOC: 0.537 mg/L
- copper: <2.02 µg/L*
- iron: < 2.20 µg/L*
- manganese: <2.99 µg/L*
- zinc: <0.471 µg/L*
<: value below the respective detection limit
OTHER TEST CONDITIONS
- The pH of solutions in test vessel was not affected by the test substance and remained constant over the course of study.
- Photoperiod: 12 light / 12 dark
EFFECT PARAMETERS MEASURED:
- mortality and clinical signs (sub-lethal and abnormal behaviour) were recorded at 3, 24, 48, 72, and 96 hours of exposure of the fish to the test item.
TEST CONCENTRATIONS
- Range finding study
A non-GLP range-finding test was performed with dissolved fractions of the loadings of 100, 10, and 1.0 mg/L.Mortality, clinical signs or any distress could not be observed throughout the test. - Reference substance (positive control):
- no
- Duration:
- 96 h
- Dose descriptor:
- NOEC
- Effect conc.:
- >= 1 000 mg/L
- Nominal / measured:
- nominal
- Conc. based on:
- test mat.
- Remarks:
- dissolved fraction at a loading of 1000 mg/L after 7 days (T/D fraction)
- Basis for effect:
- mortality (fish)
- Key result
- Duration:
- 96 h
- Dose descriptor:
- LC50
- Effect conc.:
- > 1 000 mg/L
- Nominal / measured:
- nominal
- Conc. based on:
- test mat.
- Remarks:
- dissolved fraction at a loading of 1000 mg/L after 7 days (T/D fraction)
- Basis for effect:
- mortality (fish)
- Details on results:
- - Behavioural abnormalities: neither clinical signs nor mortality were observed throughout the study
- Mortality of control: none of the fishes in the control group died.
- Any observations (e.g. precipitation) that might cause a difference between measured and nominal values: measured Co concentrations after 96h ranged from 95% to 105% of initially measured levels, confirming continuous exposure.
Please also refer to the field "Any other information on results incl. tables" below. - Results with reference substance (positive control):
- no data
- Reported statistics and error estimates:
- A statistical analysis to determine LC10 and LC50 values was not required. The LC50 is above the highest concentration tested and reported as such. The evaluation of the effects is based on loadings of the T/D fractions.
- Sublethal observations / clinical signs:
Clinical signs during the test period of 96 h (number of fish per treatment n=7)
T/D concentration Olivine, cobalt silicate blue
Test duration
[mg/L]
3 h
24 h
48 h
72 h
96 h
Control
nd.
nd.
nd.
nd.
nd.
10
nd.
nd.
nd.
nd.
nd.
32
nd.
nd.
nd.
nd.
nd.
100
nd.
nd.
nd.
nd.
nd.
320
nd.
nd.
nd.
nd.
nd.
1000
[EBRC1]
nd.
nd.
nd.
nd.
nd.
nd.: no symptoms detected
Cumulative mortality during the test period of 96 h (number of fish per treatment n=7).
T/D loading Olivine, cobalt silicate blue
Test duration
[mg/L]
3 h
24 h
48 h
72 h
96 h
Control
0
0
0
0
0
10
0
0
0
0
0
32
0
0
0
0
0
100
0
0
0
0
0
320
0
0
0
0
0
1000
[EBRC2]
0
0
0
0
0
- Validity criteria fulfilled:
- yes
- Conclusions:
- In an acute toxicity test according to OECD 203, neither clinical signs nor mortality were observed at any of the tested loadings up to 1000 mg/L. Thus, the LC50 is >1000 mg/L whereas the NOEC based on visual observation is ≥ 1000 mg/L (all: dissolved fraction at a loading of 1000 mg/L after 7 days (T/D fraction)).
Reference
Description of key information
The 96h-LC50 for the effect of Reaction mass of cobalt olivine and crystalline silicon dioxide (Olivine, cobalt silicate blue) on freshwater fish (Danio rerio) derived in a GLP-conform OECD 203 test is estimated with > 1000 mg/L (dissolved fraction at a loading of 1000 mg/L after 7 days of dissolution) (Teigeler, 2013).
Key value for chemical safety assessment
Additional information
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