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Diss Factsheets
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EC number: 701-193-0 | CAS number: -
- Life Cycle description
- Uses advised against
- Endpoint summary
- Appearance / physical state / colour
- Melting point / freezing point
- Boiling point
- Density
- Particle size distribution (Granulometry)
- Vapour pressure
- Partition coefficient
- Water solubility
- Solubility in organic solvents / fat solubility
- Surface tension
- Flash point
- Auto flammability
- Flammability
- Explosiveness
- Oxidising properties
- Oxidation reduction potential
- Stability in organic solvents and identity of relevant degradation products
- Storage stability and reactivity towards container material
- Stability: thermal, sunlight, metals
- pH
- Dissociation constant
- Viscosity
- Additional physico-chemical information
- Additional physico-chemical properties of nanomaterials
- Nanomaterial agglomeration / aggregation
- Nanomaterial crystalline phase
- Nanomaterial crystallite and grain size
- Nanomaterial aspect ratio / shape
- Nanomaterial specific surface area
- Nanomaterial Zeta potential
- Nanomaterial surface chemistry
- Nanomaterial dustiness
- Nanomaterial porosity
- Nanomaterial pour density
- Nanomaterial photocatalytic activity
- Nanomaterial radical formation potential
- Nanomaterial catalytic activity
- Endpoint summary
- Stability
- Biodegradation
- Bioaccumulation
- Transport and distribution
- Environmental data
- Additional information on environmental fate and behaviour
- Ecotoxicological Summary
- Aquatic toxicity
- Endpoint summary
- Short-term toxicity to fish
- Long-term toxicity to fish
- Short-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Long-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Toxicity to aquatic algae and cyanobacteria
- Toxicity to aquatic plants other than algae
- Toxicity to microorganisms
- Endocrine disrupter testing in aquatic vertebrates – in vivo
- Toxicity to other aquatic organisms
- Sediment toxicity
- Terrestrial toxicity
- Biological effects monitoring
- Biotransformation and kinetics
- Additional ecotoxological information
- Toxicological Summary
- Toxicokinetics, metabolism and distribution
- Acute Toxicity
- Irritation / corrosion
- Sensitisation
- Repeated dose toxicity
- Genetic toxicity
- Carcinogenicity
- Toxicity to reproduction
- Specific investigations
- Exposure related observations in humans
- Toxic effects on livestock and pets
- Additional toxicological data
Exposure related observations in humans: other data
Administrative data
- Endpoint:
- exposure-related observations in humans: other data
- Adequacy of study:
- supporting study
- Reliability:
- 2 (reliable with restrictions)
- Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:
- other: Acceptable well-documented study report which meets basic scientific principles.
Data source
Referenceopen allclose all
- Title:
- Modificazioni istopatologiche cutanee in lavoratori addetti all movimentazione di prodotti petroliferi,
- Author:
- Fenga C, Loreto C, Spartari G, Guarneri F, Barbaro M, Caltabiano C, Germano D.
- Year:
- 2 000
- Bibliographic source:
- Medicina del Lavoro 92:25-31 (Italian language).
- Title:
- Common dermatologic manifestations of cutaneous exposure to petroleum and its derivatives
- Author:
- Beasley K, Burnett J
- Year:
- 1 996
- Bibliographic source:
- Continuing Medical Education 58:59-62.
- Title:
- Petroleum and petroleum derivatives.
- Author:
- Rycroft R
- Year:
- 1 990
- Bibliographic source:
- In Occupational Skin Disease (Adams, R. ed), WB Saunders, Philadelphia, PA, 486-502.
- Title:
- Dermatitis due to cutting oils, solvents, petroleum, and coal tar products
- Author:
- Fisher A
- Year:
- 1 995
- Bibliographic source:
- Fisher's Contact Dermatitis (Rietschel R., Fowler, J. eds), Williams and Wilkens, Baltimore, MD. 609.
- Title:
- The effects on human volunteers of exposure to air containing gasoline vapor
- Author:
- Davis A, Schafer L, Bell Z
- Year:
- 1 960
- Bibliographic source:
- Archives of Environmental Health 1:548-554.
- Title:
- Contact dermatitis associated with exposure to oils and coolants
- Author:
- Nethercott J, Holness D
- Year:
- 1 991
- Bibliographic source:
- Exogenous Dermatoses: Environmental Dermatitis (Meune, T., and Maibach, H., eds.) CRC Press, Boca Raton, Fl. 365-373.
Materials and methods
- Type of study / information:
- Type of experience: Human
Results and discussion
Applicant's summary and conclusion
- Executive summary:
Dermal irritation
Fenga et al. (2000) examined the skin of ten refinery workers after repeated dermal exposure to low levels of petroleum products under occupational conditions. The investigators took punch biopsies and conducted a histological examination. Their overall conclusion was that "the overall histomorphological and immunological features were not specific but resembled skin reactions due to several irritative agents. Such reactions lead to contact dermatitis."
Beasley and Burnett (1996), citing Rycroft (1990) and Fisher (1995) reported that gasoline produces an eczematous dermatitis resulting from defatting action on the skin. More specifically, Rycroft (1990) stated that "Gasoline is a mild irritant, especially when there is contact with gasoline-soaked clothing." Fisher (1995) stated that "[A]ll solvents [ including gasoline] can cause dermatitis by dissolving the natural protective barrier of oil on the skin." He also described a chronic fissured eczema resulting from repeated contact with solvents, and included "auto mechanics who use gasoline and kerosene" among those who might have frequent solvent contact due to the use of these substances for washing. It should be noted, however, that gasoline is not intended for solvent use. Therefore, this type of contact could be considered an intentional misuse of the product.
Ocular irritation
Davis et al (1960) investigated the effects of gasoline vapor exposure on ocular irritation in human volunteers. The results of these studies indicated that exposures to levels as low as 200 ppm for 30 minutes produced some evidence of ocular effects in some individuals. However, a strong dose dependence was not observed, and, even at 1000 ppm, the ocular effects were relatively mild and reversible.
Dermal sensitization
Beasley and Burnett (1996) reported that "[A]llergic contact dermatitis is associated with exposure to petroleum additives, such as dyes and antioxidants, rather than the petroleum product themselves." This conclusion was based on a study of 51 workers with dermatitis believed to have been associated with exposure to oil and grease. Of the 51 individuals examined, 18 had allergic contact dermatitis, 23 had irritant contact dermatitis and 7 had both. Of those with a diagnosis of allergic contact dermatitis, all of the positive responses were related to additives in formulated products (Nethercott and Holness, 1991). Thus the human clinical literature provides little evidence that dermal contact with gasoline produces skin sensitization.
Information on Registered Substances comes from registration dossiers which have been assigned a registration number. The assignment of a registration number does however not guarantee that the information in the dossier is correct or that the dossier is compliant with Regulation (EC) No 1907/2006 (the REACH Regulation). This information has not been reviewed or verified by the Agency or any other authority. The content is subject to change without prior notice.
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