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EC number: 947-796-4 | CAS number: -
- Life Cycle description
- Uses advised against
- Endpoint summary
- Appearance / physical state / colour
- Melting point / freezing point
- Boiling point
- Density
- Particle size distribution (Granulometry)
- Vapour pressure
- Partition coefficient
- Water solubility
- Solubility in organic solvents / fat solubility
- Surface tension
- Flash point
- Auto flammability
- Flammability
- Explosiveness
- Oxidising properties
- Oxidation reduction potential
- Stability in organic solvents and identity of relevant degradation products
- Storage stability and reactivity towards container material
- Stability: thermal, sunlight, metals
- pH
- Dissociation constant
- Viscosity
- Additional physico-chemical information
- Additional physico-chemical properties of nanomaterials
- Nanomaterial agglomeration / aggregation
- Nanomaterial crystalline phase
- Nanomaterial crystallite and grain size
- Nanomaterial aspect ratio / shape
- Nanomaterial specific surface area
- Nanomaterial Zeta potential
- Nanomaterial surface chemistry
- Nanomaterial dustiness
- Nanomaterial porosity
- Nanomaterial pour density
- Nanomaterial photocatalytic activity
- Nanomaterial radical formation potential
- Nanomaterial catalytic activity
- Endpoint summary
- Stability
- Biodegradation
- Bioaccumulation
- Transport and distribution
- Environmental data
- Additional information on environmental fate and behaviour
- Ecotoxicological Summary
- Aquatic toxicity
- Endpoint summary
- Short-term toxicity to fish
- Long-term toxicity to fish
- Short-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Long-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Toxicity to aquatic algae and cyanobacteria
- Toxicity to aquatic plants other than algae
- Toxicity to microorganisms
- Endocrine disrupter testing in aquatic vertebrates – in vivo
- Toxicity to other aquatic organisms
- Sediment toxicity
- Terrestrial toxicity
- Biological effects monitoring
- Biotransformation and kinetics
- Additional ecotoxological information
- Toxicological Summary
- Toxicokinetics, metabolism and distribution
- Acute Toxicity
- Irritation / corrosion
- Sensitisation
- Repeated dose toxicity
- Genetic toxicity
- Carcinogenicity
- Toxicity to reproduction
- Specific investigations
- Exposure related observations in humans
- Toxic effects on livestock and pets
- Additional toxicological data
Genetic toxicity: in vitro
Administrative data
- Endpoint:
- in vitro gene mutation study in bacteria
- Type of information:
- experimental study
- Adequacy of study:
- weight of evidence
- Study period:
- From June 08, 2017 to June 22, 2017
- Reliability:
- 1 (reliable without restriction)
- Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:
- guideline study
Data source
Reference
- Reference Type:
- study report
- Title:
- Unnamed
- Year:
- 2 017
- Report date:
- 2017
Materials and methods
Test guidelineopen allclose all
- Qualifier:
- according to guideline
- Guideline:
- OECD Guideline 471 (Bacterial Reverse Mutation Assay)
- Deviations:
- no
- Qualifier:
- according to guideline
- Guideline:
- EU Method B.13/14 (Mutagenicity - Reverse Mutation Test Using Bacteria)
- Deviations:
- no
- GLP compliance:
- yes (incl. QA statement)
- Remarks:
- no analytical veryfication
- Type of assay:
- bacterial reverse mutation assay
Test material
- Reference substance name:
- Reaction mass of mono- and di- hexadecyl phosphate esters, potassium salts and phosphoric acid
- Molecular formula:
- C16H34O4P1K1 (representative: mono- C16 PSE, K+)
- IUPAC Name:
- Reaction mass of mono- and di- hexadecyl phosphate esters, potassium salts and phosphoric acid
- Test material form:
- solid: particulate/powder
Constituent 1
Method
Species / strain
- Species / strain / cell type:
- S. typhimurium TA 1535, TA 1537, TA 98, TA 100 and E. coli WP2
- Metabolic activation:
- with and without
- Metabolic activation system:
- S9 fraction (10% liver in standard co-factors)
- Test concentrations with justification for top dose:
- Experiment 1: All strains (with and without S9-mix): 1.5, 5, 15, 50, 150, 500, 1500 and 5000 μg/plate.
Experiment 2: The dose range used was determined by the results of Experiment 1. All strains (with and without S9-mix): 15, 50, 150, 500, 1500, 5000 μg/plate. - Vehicle / solvent:
- Identity: Sterile distilled water
Supplier: Aguettant
Batch number (purity): 3012436 (N/A)
Exp: 10/2018
Controls
- Untreated negative controls:
- yes
- Negative solvent / vehicle controls:
- yes
- Positive controls:
- yes
- Positive control substance:
- 4-nitroquinoline-N-oxide
- 9-aminoacridine
- N-ethyl-N-nitro-N-nitrosoguanidine
- benzo(a)pyrene
- other: 2-Aminoanthracene (2AA)
- Details on test system and experimental conditions:
- Preparation of the test substance formulations:
The test substance was accurately weighed and approximate half-log dilutions prepared in sterile distilled water by mixing on a vortex mixer and sonication for 20 minutes at 40 °C on the day of each experiment. No correction for purity was required.
EXPERIMENT 1: direct plate incorporation method,
Eight concentrations of the test item (1.5, 5, 15, 50, 150, 500, 1500 and 5000 μg/plate) were assayed in triplicate against each tester strain.
Without Metabolic Activation:
0.1 mL of the appropriate concentration of test substance, solvent vehicle or appropriate positive control was added together with 0.1 mL of one of the bacterial strain cultures and 0.5 mL of phosphate buffer to 2 mL of molten, trace amino-acid supplemented media. These were then mixed and overlayed onto a Vogel-Bonner agar plate. Negative (untreated) controls were also performed on the same day as the mutation test. Each concentration of the test substance, appropriate positive, vehicle and negative controls, and each bacterial strain, was assayed using triplicate plates.
With Metabolic Activation:
The procedure was the same as for without of metabolic activation except that following the addition of the test substance formulation and bacterial culture, 0.5 mL of S9-mix was added to the molten, trace amino-acid supplemented media instead of phosphate buffer.
Incubation and Scoring:
All of the plates were incubated at 37 ± 3 °C for approximately 48 h and scored for the presence of revertant colonies using an automated colony counting system. The plates were viewed microscopically for evidence of thinning (toxicity). Manual counts were performed at 5000 μg/plate (presence of S9-mix only) because of a patchy test substance precipitation.
EXPERIMENT 2:
Without Metabolic Activation:
0.1 mL of the appropriate bacterial strain culture, 0.5 mL of phosphate buffer and 0.1 mL of the test subsatnce formulation, solvent vehicle or 0.1 mL of appropriate positive control were incubated at 37 ± 3 °C for 20 minutes (with shaking) prior to addition of 2 mL of molten, trace amino-acid supplemented media and subsequent plating onto Vogel-Bonner plates. Negative (untreated) controls were also performed on the same day as the mutation test employing the plate incorporation method. All testing for this experiment was performed in triplicate.
With Metabolic Activation:
The procedure was the same as described above except that following the addition of the test substance formulation and bacterial strain culture, 0.5 mL of S9-mix was added to the tube instead of phosphate buffer, prior to incubation at 37 ± 3 °C for 20 minutes (with shaking) and addition of molten, trace amino-acid supplemented media. All testing for this experiment was performed in triplicate.
Incubation and Scoring:
All of the plates were incubated at 37 ± 3 °C for approximately 48 h and scored for the presence of revertant colonies using an automated colony counting system. The plates were viewed microscopically for evidence of thinning (toxicity). Manual counts were performed at and above 1500 μg/plate (presence and absence of S9-mix only) because of test substance precipitation. Several further manual counts were also required due to revertant colonies spreading slightly, thus distorting the actual plate count. - Rationale for test conditions:
- The test substance was insoluble in sterile distilled water, dimethyl sulphoxide, dimethyl formamide and acetonitrile at 50 mg/mL, acetone at 100 mg/mL and tetrahydrofuran at 200 mg/mL in solubility checks performed in–house. The test substance formed the best doseable suspension in sterile distilled water, therefore, this solvent was selected as the vehicle.
- Evaluation criteria:
- There are several criteria for determining positive result. Any one or all of the following can be used to determine overall result of the study:
1. Dose-related increase in mutant frequency over the dose range tested (De Serres and Shelby, 1979).
2. A reproducible increase at one or more concentrations.
3. Biological relevance against in-house historical control ranges.
4. Statystical analysis of data as determined by UKEMS (Mahon et al. 1989).
5. Fold increase greater than two times the concurent solvent control for any tester strain (especially if acompanied by out-of-historical range response (Cariello and Piegorsch, 1996)).
A test substance will be considered non-mutagenic (negative) in the test system if the above criteria are not met.Although most experiments will give clear positive or negative results, is some instances the data generated will prohibit making a definite judgment about test substance activity. Results of this type will be reported as equivocal. - Statistics:
- Statistical significance was confirmed by using Dunnetts Regression Analysis (* = p < 0.05) for those values that indicate statistically significant increases in the frequency of revertant colonies compared to the concurrent solvent control.
Results and discussion
Test results
- Key result
- Species / strain:
- other: S. typhimurium TA 1535, TA 1537, TA 98, TA 100 and E. coli WP2
- Metabolic activation:
- with and without
- Genotoxicity:
- negative
- Cytotoxicity / choice of top concentrations:
- no cytotoxicity
- Vehicle controls validity:
- valid
- Positive controls validity:
- valid
- Additional information on results:
- - There was no visible reduction in the growth of the bacterial background lawn at any dose level, either in the presence or absence of metabolic activation (S9-mix), in the first mutation test (plate incorporation method) and consequently the same maximum dose level was used in the second mutation test. Similarly, there was no visible reduction in the growth of the bacterial background lawn at any dose level, either in the presence or absence of metabolic activation (S9-mix), in the second mutation test (pre-incubation method).
- A test substance precipitate (particulate in appearance) was noted at and above 1500 μg/plate, this observation did not prevent the scoring of revertant colonies.
- There were no increases in the frequency of revertant colonies recorded for any of the bacterial strains, with any dose of the test substance, either with or without metabolic activation (S9-mix), in Experiment 1 (plate incorporation method). Similarly, no increases in the frequency of revertant colonies were recorded for any of the bacterial strains, with any dose of the test substance, either with or without metabolic activation (S9-mix), in Experiment 2 (pre-incubation method).
- The vehicle (sterile distilled water) control plates gave counts of revertant colonies generally within the normal range. All of the positive control chemicals used in the test induced marked increases in the frequency of revertant colonies, both with or without metabolic activation. Thus, the sensitivity of the assay and the efficacy of the S9-mix were validated.
Applicant's summary and conclusion
- Conclusions:
- Under the study conditions, the test substance was determined to be non-genotoxic with and without metabolic activation.
- Executive summary:
A study was conducted to determine the genotoxic potential of test substance, 'mono- and di- C16 PSE, K+ and H3PO4' (purity: 100%), using Ames test, according to OECD Guideline 471 and EU Method B13/14, in compliance with GLP. Salmonella typhimurium strains TA1535, TA1537, TA98 and TA100 and Escherichia coli strain WP2uvrA were treated with suspensions of the test substance using both the Ames plate incorporation and pre-incubation methods at up to eight dose levels (i.e., 1.5, 5, 15, 50, 150, 500, 1500 and 5000 µg/plate), in triplicate, both with and without metabolic activation (10% liver S9 in standard co-factors). The dose range for Experiment 1 was predetermined and ranged from 1.5 to 5000 μg/plate. The experiment was repeated on a separate day (pre-incubation method) using fresh cultures of the bacterial strains and fresh test substance formulations. The dose range was amended following the results of Experiment 1 and was 15 to 5000 μg/plate. Six test substance concentrations per bacterial strain were selected in Experiment 2 in order to achieve both four non-toxic dose levels and the potential toxic limit of the test substance following the change in test methodology. The vehicle (sterile distilled water) control plates gave counts of revertant colonies generally within the normal range. All of the positive control chemicals used in the test induced marked increases in the frequency of revertant colonies, both with or without metabolic activation. Thus, the sensitivity of the assay and the efficacy of the S9-mix were validated. There was no visible reduction in the growth of the bacterial background lawn at any dose level, either in the presence or absence of metabolic activation (S9-mix), in the first mutation test (plate incorporation method) and second mutation test (pre-incubation method). A test substance precipitate (particulate in appearance) was noted at and above 1500 μg/plate, this observation did not prevent the scoring of revertant colonies. There were no increases in the frequency of revertant colonies recorded for any of the bacterial strains, with any dose of the test substance, either with or without metabolic activation (S9-mix), in Experiment 1 (plate incorporation method) and 2 (pre-incubation method). Under the study conditions, the test substance was determined to be non-genotoxic in the Ames test, with and without metabolic activation (Envigo, 2017).
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