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EC number: 210-370-7 | CAS number: 614-18-6
- Life Cycle description
- Uses advised against
- Endpoint summary
- Appearance / physical state / colour
- Melting point / freezing point
- Boiling point
- Density
- Particle size distribution (Granulometry)
- Vapour pressure
- Partition coefficient
- Water solubility
- Solubility in organic solvents / fat solubility
- Surface tension
- Flash point
- Auto flammability
- Flammability
- Explosiveness
- Oxidising properties
- Oxidation reduction potential
- Stability in organic solvents and identity of relevant degradation products
- Storage stability and reactivity towards container material
- Stability: thermal, sunlight, metals
- pH
- Dissociation constant
- Viscosity
- Additional physico-chemical information
- Additional physico-chemical properties of nanomaterials
- Nanomaterial agglomeration / aggregation
- Nanomaterial crystalline phase
- Nanomaterial crystallite and grain size
- Nanomaterial aspect ratio / shape
- Nanomaterial specific surface area
- Nanomaterial Zeta potential
- Nanomaterial surface chemistry
- Nanomaterial dustiness
- Nanomaterial porosity
- Nanomaterial pour density
- Nanomaterial photocatalytic activity
- Nanomaterial radical formation potential
- Nanomaterial catalytic activity
- Endpoint summary
- Stability
- Biodegradation
- Bioaccumulation
- Transport and distribution
- Environmental data
- Additional information on environmental fate and behaviour
- Ecotoxicological Summary
- Aquatic toxicity
- Endpoint summary
- Short-term toxicity to fish
- Long-term toxicity to fish
- Short-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Long-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Toxicity to aquatic algae and cyanobacteria
- Toxicity to aquatic plants other than algae
- Toxicity to microorganisms
- Endocrine disrupter testing in aquatic vertebrates – in vivo
- Toxicity to other aquatic organisms
- Sediment toxicity
- Terrestrial toxicity
- Biological effects monitoring
- Biotransformation and kinetics
- Additional ecotoxological information
- Toxicological Summary
- Toxicokinetics, metabolism and distribution
- Acute Toxicity
- Irritation / corrosion
- Sensitisation
- Repeated dose toxicity
- Genetic toxicity
- Carcinogenicity
- Toxicity to reproduction
- Specific investigations
- Exposure related observations in humans
- Toxic effects on livestock and pets
- Additional toxicological data
Short-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
Administrative data
- Endpoint:
- short-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Type of information:
- experimental study
- Adequacy of study:
- key study
- Reliability:
- 1 (reliable without restriction)
- Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:
- guideline study
Data source
Reference
- Reference Type:
- study report
- Title:
- Unnamed
- Year:
- 2 018
- Report date:
- 2018
Materials and methods
Test guideline
- Qualifier:
- according to guideline
- Guideline:
- OECD Guideline 202 (Daphnia sp. Acute Immobilisation Test)
- Deviations:
- no
- GLP compliance:
- yes (incl. QA statement)
Test material
- Reference substance name:
- Ethyl nicotinate
- EC Number:
- 210-370-7
- EC Name:
- Ethyl nicotinate
- Cas Number:
- 614-18-6
- Molecular formula:
- C8H9NO2
- IUPAC Name:
- ethyl nicotinate
- Test material form:
- liquid
Constituent 1
Sampling and analysis
- Analytical monitoring:
- yes
- Details on sampling:
- Sampling Intervals and Solution Composition: 0-Hour Intermediate vessels prior to division into replicate vessels; 48-Hour Composite of all replicates within each treatment level and control
Number of Samples Taken from Each Solution:Two samples at each interval; one sample for analysis, one sample for archival
Sampling Location: Approximate midpoint from the surface, bottom, and sides of the vessel
Sampling Device: Pipet
Quality Control (QC) Samples: Three samples at each sampling interval prepared in dilution water at nominal concentrations whichapproximated the test concentration range
Test solutions
- Vehicle:
- yes
- Details on test solutions:
- Primary Stock Concentration: 100 mg/L
Stock Vessel: Glass beaker
Stock Volume: 2.5 L
Amount of Test Substance Added: 0.2511 g (0.2503 g as active ingredient)
Diluent: Fortified laboratory well water
Test organisms
- Test organisms (species):
- Daphnia magna
- Details on test organisms:
- TEST ORGANISM
- Common name: Daphnia magna
- Strain/clone:
- Justification for species other than prescribed by test guideline:
- Source: Smithers Viscient culture
- Age of parental stock (mean and range, SD): < 24 hours old at exposure initiation; immature daphnids were removed from culture 24 hours prior to exposure initiation, thus isolating sexually mature adults. Young produced by the parent organisms were used for the exposure.
- Feeding during test
- Food type: none
- Amount: nil
- Frequency: nil
ACCLIMATION
- Acclimation period: 2 weeks
- Acclimation conditions (same as test or not): same
- Type and amount of food: Unicellular green algae, Ankistrodesmus falcatus
(4 × 10^7 cells/mL);YCT suspension (yeast, cereal leaves, and flaked fish food)
- Feeding frequency: Once daily during culture
- Health during acclimation (any mortality observed):
Study design
- Test type:
- static
- Water media type:
- freshwater
- Limit test:
- no
- Total exposure duration:
- 48 h
- Remarks on exposure duration:
- 16 hours light: 8 hours dark
Test conditions
- Hardness:
- 170 as CaCO3 (mg/L)
- Test temperature:
- 20-21 celsius
- pH:
- 8.0 - 8.2
- Dissolved oxygen:
- 8.4 -8.9 mg/L
- Salinity:
- N/A
- Conductivity:
- 860 µS/cm
- Nominal and measured concentrations:
- nominal: control, 6.3, 13, 25, 50 and 100 mg/L
measured: control, 5.4, 11, 22, 41, 84 mg/L - Details on test conditions:
- TEST SYSTEM
- Test vessel: 250-mL glass beakers
- Material, size, headspace, fill volume: 200 mL
- Aeration: no
- No. of organisms per vessel: 5
- No. of vessels per concentration (replicates): 4
- No. of vessels per control (replicates): 4
- No. of vessels per vehicle control (replicates): n/a
- Biomass loading rate: 25 daphnids/L
TEST MEDIUM / WATER PARAMETERS
- Source/preparation of dilution water: Fortified laboratory well water
- Total organic carbon: 1.3 mg/L
- Particulate matter: N/A
- Metals: None detected
- Pesticides: None detected
- Chlorine: None detected
- Alkalinity: 84 mg/L as CaCO3
- Ca/mg ratio: N/D
- Conductivity: 860 µS/cm
- Salinity: N/D
- Culture medium different from test medium: no
- Intervals of water quality measurement: periodically
OTHER TEST CONDITIONS
- Adjustment of pH: No
- Photoperiod: 16 hours light: 8 hours dark
- Light intensity: 48 to 60 footcandles (520 to 650 lux) measured around the test area once during the exposure
EFFECT PARAMETERS MEASURED (with observation intervals if applicable) : The biological observations, number of immobilized daphnids, and observations of the physical
characteristics of the exposure and control solutions (e.g., precipitate, film on solution’s surface) were recorded at exposure initiation and at each subsequent 24-hour interval until exposure termination (48 hours), if applicable. Immobilization was defined as the inability to swim within 15 seconds after gentle agitation of the exposure vessel.
VEHICLE CONTROL PERFORMED: N/A
RANGE-FINDING STUDY
- Test concentrations: control, 0.01, 0.1, 1, 10,100 mg/L
- Results used to determine the conditions for the definitive study: yes - Reference substance (positive control):
- yes
- Remarks:
- potassium dichromate
Results and discussion
Effect concentrationsopen allclose all
- Duration:
- 24 h
- Dose descriptor:
- EC50
- Effect conc.:
- > 84 mg/L
- Nominal / measured:
- meas. (geom. mean)
- Conc. based on:
- test mat.
- Basis for effect:
- mobility
- Duration:
- 48 h
- Dose descriptor:
- EC50
- Effect conc.:
- > 84 mg/L
- Nominal / measured:
- meas. (geom. mean)
- Conc. based on:
- test mat.
- Basis for effect:
- mobility
- Duration:
- 48 h
- Dose descriptor:
- NOEC
- Effect conc.:
- ca. 20 mg/L
- Nominal / measured:
- meas. (geom. mean)
- Conc. based on:
- test mat.
- Basis for effect:
- mobility
- Results with reference substance (positive control):
- 24 hr EC50 with Potassium Dichromate = 2.1 mg/L. The reference test is used to evaluate the sensitivity of the daphnid population at Smithers
Viscient. This result was within the expected range for daphnids and potassium dichromate. - Reported statistics and error estimates:
- The concentrations tested and the corresponding immobilization data derived from the definitive
toxicity exposure were used to estimate the 24- and 48-hour median effect concentrations (EC50).
The EC50 is defined as the concentration of the test substance in dilution water which produces
50% immobilization of the test organism population at the stated time interval. If at least one
test concentration caused immobilization of greater than or equal to 50% of the test population,
then a computer program CETIS version 1.8 (Ives, 2013) was used to calculate the EC50
values and 95% confidence intervals. If no concentration tested resulted in greater than or equal to
50% immobilization, then the EC50 value was empirically estimated to be greater than the
highest concentration tested.
The No-Observed-Effect Concentration (NOEC) during the 48-hour exposure period was also
determined. The NOEC is defined as the highest concentration tested at and below which there
were no differences in sub-lethal or lethal effects with respect to the control organisms. In
addition, the highest concentration tested resulting in 0% immobilization and the lowest
concentration tested resulting in 100% immobilization were determined.
Applicant's summary and conclusion
- Validity criteria fulfilled:
- yes
- Conclusions:
- The EC50 values at 24 and 48 hours were determined to be >84 mg/L. the 95 % confidence intervals could ot be determined as the EC50 values were empirically determined. The 48h NOEC value is 20 mg/L.
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