Registration Dossier
Registration Dossier
Data platform availability banner - registered substances factsheets
Please be aware that this old REACH registration data factsheet is no longer maintained; it remains frozen as of 19th May 2023.
The new ECHA CHEM database has been released by ECHA, and it now contains all REACH registration data. There are more details on the transition of ECHA's published data to ECHA CHEM here.
Diss Factsheets
Use of this information is subject to copyright laws and may require the permission of the owner of the information, as described in the ECHA Legal Notice.
EC number: 217-682-2 | CAS number: 1929-82-4
- Life Cycle description
- Uses advised against
- Endpoint summary
- Appearance / physical state / colour
- Melting point / freezing point
- Boiling point
- Density
- Particle size distribution (Granulometry)
- Vapour pressure
- Partition coefficient
- Water solubility
- Solubility in organic solvents / fat solubility
- Surface tension
- Flash point
- Auto flammability
- Flammability
- Explosiveness
- Oxidising properties
- Oxidation reduction potential
- Stability in organic solvents and identity of relevant degradation products
- Storage stability and reactivity towards container material
- Stability: thermal, sunlight, metals
- pH
- Dissociation constant
- Viscosity
- Additional physico-chemical information
- Additional physico-chemical properties of nanomaterials
- Nanomaterial agglomeration / aggregation
- Nanomaterial crystalline phase
- Nanomaterial crystallite and grain size
- Nanomaterial aspect ratio / shape
- Nanomaterial specific surface area
- Nanomaterial Zeta potential
- Nanomaterial surface chemistry
- Nanomaterial dustiness
- Nanomaterial porosity
- Nanomaterial pour density
- Nanomaterial photocatalytic activity
- Nanomaterial radical formation potential
- Nanomaterial catalytic activity
- Endpoint summary
- Stability
- Biodegradation
- Bioaccumulation
- Transport and distribution
- Environmental data
- Additional information on environmental fate and behaviour
- Ecotoxicological Summary
- Aquatic toxicity
- Endpoint summary
- Short-term toxicity to fish
- Long-term toxicity to fish
- Short-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Long-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Toxicity to aquatic algae and cyanobacteria
- Toxicity to aquatic plants other than algae
- Toxicity to microorganisms
- Endocrine disrupter testing in aquatic vertebrates – in vivo
- Toxicity to other aquatic organisms
- Sediment toxicity
- Terrestrial toxicity
- Biological effects monitoring
- Biotransformation and kinetics
- Additional ecotoxological information
- Toxicological Summary
- Toxicokinetics, metabolism and distribution
- Acute Toxicity
- Irritation / corrosion
- Sensitisation
- Repeated dose toxicity
- Genetic toxicity
- Carcinogenicity
- Toxicity to reproduction
- Specific investigations
- Exposure related observations in humans
- Toxic effects on livestock and pets
- Additional toxicological data
Biodegradation in soil
Administrative data
Link to relevant study record(s)
Description of key information
DT50 = 5 - 42 days (6 soils at 25°C and 75% 1/3 bar soil moisture), Unger et al. (1981)
DT50 (California (loam) soil at 25 °C ) = 2 days; DT50 (Mississippi (loam) 35 °C) = 1.5 days, Regoli et al. (1976)
DT50 (anaerobic loam, silty clay loam)~ 3 hours, Oliver et al (1982)
Key value for chemical safety assessment
- Half-life in soil:
- 34.78 d
- at the temperature of:
- 20 °C
Additional information
Available Data
Two key studies, and one supporting study, are available investigating the degradation of the test material in soil. All three studies were conducted to sound scientific principles and were assigned a reliability score of 2.
In the first key study, reported by Regoli et al. (1976) the aerobic degradation of 14C-radiolabelled test material was studied in two loam soils (Davis and Wayside soils) at an application rate of 1.0 ppm to the Davis soil incubated at 25 °C for 195 days and 0.5 ppm to the Wayside soil incubated at 35 °C for 161 days.
The test systems consisted of individual incubation flasks, each containing 50g treated soil, maintained in the dark at a moisture content of 100% of 1/3 bar at 25 °C and 35 °C. A system with an oxygen manifold was used in order to maintain aerobic conditions and 14CO2 was trapped in NaOH. Samples were taken at day 0 and after 3, 7, 14, 28, 56, 100 and 195 days of incubation for the Davis soil and after 2, 4, 10, 18, 39, 80 and 161 days for the Wayside soil.
The soil samples were sequentially extracted with acidified ether and hot NaOH and radioactivity in the extracts was measured by LSC. Thin layer chromatography was used to determine the distribution of the radioactivity (silica, ethyl acetate:methanol:acetic acid (8:1:1 vol)). It should be noted that TLC did not separate 6-CPA from DCMP, as discussed in the 1981 study. Unextractable soil residues were combusted and radioactivity quantified by LSC. Trapped radioactivity was confirmed as14CO2 by precipitation with BaCl2.
Total recovery ranged from 97.4% AR to 101.6% AR. The levels of test material continuously decreased over the incubation period, from approximately 99.7 – 99.0% AR at day 0 to 0.6 % and 6.5 % AR at the end of the study in the Davis and Wayside soil, respectively. Mineralisation was observed with evolved 14CO2 accounting for maximums of 42.1% AR (Davis 25 °C, day 195) to 70.8 % AR (Wayside 35 °C, day 161). The degradation product 6-chloropicolinic acid decreased from a maximum of 67.2 % AR (Davis soil, day 56) and 37.6% AR (Wayside soil, day 18) to 50 % AR and 13.8 % AR in the Davis and Wayside soil, respectively, at the end of the study. The DT50 for the test material was estimated to be 17 and 6 days, at 25 °C and 35 °C, respectively and the DT90 was 66 and 88 days, at 25 °C and 35 °C. Remaining radioactivity in the NaOH and the unextractable radioactivity in soil were concluded to be humic acid. It was concluded that degradation occurred via cleavage of the trichloromethyl group to form 6-chloropicolinic acid, which was then further degraded to CO2.
In the second key study, reported by Unger et al. (1981), the aerobic degradation of the test material was examined in six soils that had been treated with 14C-test material and incubated at 25°C and 75% 1/3 bar soil moisture. As well as test material, the metabolites 6-chloropicolinic acid (6 -CPA) and 2 -chloro-6 -dichloromethylpyridine (DCMP) were also analysed for by HPLC, which separated 6 -CPA from DCMP.
Under the conditions of the study the parent test material degraded rapidly in six soils with estimated half-lives ranging from 5 to 42 days. The half-lives appeared to increase with an increase in soil organic carbon. The degradation of the test material resulted in the formation of an intermediate metabolite, 2-chloro-6-(dichloromethyl)pyridine and the end product of hydrolysis, 6-chloropicolinic acid. The final breakdown product was carbon dioxide.
In the supporting study, reported by Oliver et al. (1982), the degradation of the test material was examined in soils that had been kept in an anaerobic state for 60 days prior to the start of the experiment. The stability of the test material and the formation of metabolites were also investigated.
Under the conditions of the study, the test material degraded rapidly under anaerobic soil conditions with less than 50% remaining in the soil and water phases after approximately three hours. Test material was completely degraded in the water phase within three days. The degradation of test material resulted in the formation of the intermediate metabolites: DCMP, 2-C-6-CMP, and the end product 6-CPA.
Degradation Rate in Topsoil
The laboratory DT50s for the substance were taken from Unger et al (1981) and Regoli et al (1976) and are given in the following Table.
Laboratory DT50s for the substance normalised for temperature and moisture
Study |
Soil |
DT50 (days) |
Temp |
T-Corr |
Moist. Cont. (%) |
Moist.Corr |
DT50 normalised to 20°C & pF2 |
Unger et al (1981) |
Commerce |
19.69 |
25˚C |
1.57 |
15.75 |
0.72 |
22.36 |
Catline |
25.87 |
25˚C |
1.57 |
20.25 |
0.76 |
30.83 |
|
Fargo |
134.78 |
25˚C |
1.57 |
32.25 |
0.76 |
160.12 |
|
Keith |
8.3 |
25˚C |
1.57 |
18.75 |
0.76 |
9.84 |
|
Walla Walla |
23.27 |
25˚C |
1.57 |
15.75 |
0.70 |
25.71 |
|
Cecil |
27.1 |
25˚C |
1.57 |
11.25 |
0.69 |
29.47 |
|
Regoli et al (1976) |
Davis |
21.97 |
25˚C |
1.57 |
21.75 |
0.91 |
31.28 |
Wayside |
28.46 |
35˚C |
3.70 |
17.84 |
0.79 |
83.13 |
|
|
Geometric mean |
|
34.78 |
Information on Registered Substances comes from registration dossiers which have been assigned a registration number. The assignment of a registration number does however not guarantee that the information in the dossier is correct or that the dossier is compliant with Regulation (EC) No 1907/2006 (the REACH Regulation). This information has not been reviewed or verified by the Agency or any other authority. The content is subject to change without prior notice.
Reproduction or further distribution of this information may be subject to copyright protection. Use of the information without obtaining the permission from the owner(s) of the respective information might violate the rights of the owner.