Disodium tartrate

Short-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates

Link to relevant study record(s)

Reference

Reference 1

Endpoint:

short-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates

Type of information:

read-across from supporting substance (structural analogue or surrogate)

Adequacy of study:

key study

Justification for type of information:

Please refer to the analogue justification provided in IUCLID section 13.

Reason / purpose for cross-reference:

read-across source

Duration:

48 h

Dose descriptor:

EC50

Effect conc.:

> 100 mg/L

Nominal / measured:

nominal

Conc. based on:

test mat.

Basis for effect:

mobility

Remarks on result:

other: Source: Ref. 6.1.3-2

Reference 2

Endpoint:

short-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates

Type of information:

experimental study

Adequacy of study:

key study

Study period:

28-30 April 2015

Reliability:

1 (reliable without restriction)

Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:

guideline study

Qualifier:

according to guideline

Guideline:

OECD Guideline 202 (Daphnia sp. Acute Immobilisation Test)

Deviations:

no

Qualifier:

according to guideline

Guideline:

EU Method C.2 (Acute Toxicity for Daphnia)

Deviations:

no

GLP compliance:

yes (incl. QA statement)

Analytical monitoring:

yes

Details on sampling:

4.8 mL samples for possible analysis were taken from all test concentrations and the control at t=0 and t=48 hours and were stored in the freezer until analysis.

Vehicle:

no

Details on test solutions:

Preparation of test solutions started with the highest concentration (100 mg/L) applying 30 minutes of magnetic stirring to accelerate the dissolving of the test substance in the test medium. The lower test concentrations were prepared by subsequent dilutions of the stock in test medium. The final test solutions were all clear and colourless.

Test organisms (species):

Daphnia magna

Details on test organisms:

TEST ORGANISM
- Common name: Dapnia magna
- Source: In-house laboratory culture with a known history, at least third generation, obtained by acyclical parthenogenesis under specified breeding conditions.
- Age at study initiation (mean and range, SD): young daphnids with an age of < 24 hours, from parental daphnids of more than two weeks old.
- Method of breeding: start of each batch with newborn daphnids, i.e. less than 3 days old, by placing about 250 of them into 5 litres of medium in an all-glass culture vessel. Renewal of the cultures: after 7 days of cultivation half of the medium twice a week.
- Feeding during test: no

ACCLIMATION
- Acclimation period: <24 hours
- Acclimation conditions (same as test or not): no, breeding medium is M7
- Type and amount of food: a suspension of fresh water algae
- Feeding frequency: daily

Test type:

static

Water media type:

freshwater

Limit test:

no

Total exposure duration:

48 h

Post exposure observation period:

None

Hardness:

180 mg/L expressed as CaCO3

Test temperature:

18.7 - 19.4 ºC

pH:

7.7-8.0

Dissolved oxygen:

8.6-9.1 mg/L

Nominal and measured concentrations:

Nominal: 0.10, 1.0, 10 and 100 mg/L
At 100 mg/L, the actual concentration was at the level of nominal (109%) at the start of the test and remained stable during the test (99% of initial). Consequently, the effects parameters were reported in terms of the analytically confirmed nominal concentration.

Details on test conditions:

TEST SYSTEM
- Test vessel:100 mL, all-glass, fill volume 80 mL
- Aeration: None
- No. of organisms per vessel: 5
- No. of vessels per concentration (replicates): 4 for the limit concentration, 2 for the remaining concentrations
- No. of vessels per control (replicates): 4
- Biomass loading rate: 5 per vessel containing 80 mL test solutionn

TEST MEDIUM / WATER PARAMETERS
- Source/preparation of dilution water: Adjusted ISO medium
- Culture medium different from test medium: Culture medium had extra trace elements, macro nutrients and vitamins added as specified in Medium M7.

OTHER TEST CONDITIONS
- Adjustment of pH: no
- Photoperiod: 16 hours per day, During the first 24 hours of the study the lights were not turned off during the night. Therefore, the light period was longer than 16 hours during the first 24 hours.
- Light intensity: not indicated

EFFECT PARAMETERS MEASURED: mobility at 24 and 48 hours ; pH and dissolved oxygen at the beginning and at the end of the test. Temperature continuously.

TEST CONCENTRATIONS
- Test concentrations: combined limit/range-finding test: 0.10, 1.0, 10 and 100 mg/L.

Reference substance (positive control):

yes

Remarks:

Potassiumdichromate

Duration:

48 h

Dose descriptor:

EC50

Effect conc.:

> 100 mg/L

Nominal / measured:

nominal

Conc. based on:

test mat.

Basis for effect:

mobility

Remarks on result:

other: Nominal test concentrations were analytically confirmed.

Details on results:

No effects were observed in any of the groups tested.

Results with reference substance (positive control):

The 48h-EC50 was 0.32 mg/L with a 95% confidence interval between 0.29 and 0.37 mg/L.

Validity criteria fulfilled:

yes

Remarks:

1. No effects were observed in the control. 2. The oxygen concentration at the end of the test was ≥3 mg/l in control and test vessels

Conclusions:

No effects were observed in any of the groups. The 48h-EC50 of strontium tartrate to Daphnia magna is > 100 mg/L.

Executive summary:

A 48-h acute toxicity study in Daphnia magna was performed with Strontium tartrate according to OECD 202 and in compliance with GLP principles. A combined range-finder/ limit test was carried out under static conditions. The nominal test concentrations wer 0.10, 1.0, 10 and 100 mg/L. Preparation of test solutions started with the highest concentration (100 mg/L) applying 30 minutes of magnetic stirring to accelerate the dissolving of the test substance in the test medium. The lower test concentrations were prepared by subsequent dilutions of the stock in test medium. The final test solutions were all clear and colourless. Samples were taken for analysis at t = 0 and 48 hours. Samples of the control and 100 mg/L group were analysed by an ICP-MS method. At 100 mg/L, the actual concentration was at the level of nominal (109%) at the start of the test and remained stable during the test (99% of initial). Consequently, the effects parameters were reported in terms of the analytically confirmed nominal concentration.

During the first 24 hours of the study the lights were not turned off during the night. Therefore, the light period was longer than 16 hours. The results show that the daphnids were not affected (no immobility observed). Furthermore, at the end of the test the test substance concentration remained at the initial concentration (99% of initial) indicating that the light period did not influence the test substance concentration.

No effects were observed in any of the groups. The 48h-EC50 of the substance to Daphnia magna is > 100 mg/L.

Description of key information

EC50 (48 h) > 100 mg/L (nominal, OECD 202) based on read across from strontium tartrate (CAS 868-19-9)

Additional information

The toxicity of disodium tartrate towards aquatic invertebrates was assessed using read across data from the analogues substance strontium tartrate (CAS 868-19-9). Details on the read across justification are provided in section 13 of the IUCLID dossier.

The study with the read across substance strontium tartrate (reference: 6.1.3-2) was conducted according to the OECD guidance 202 and GLP standards. In a static system the test organism Daphnia magna was exposed for 48 h to nominal test item concentrations of 0 (control), 0.10, 1.0, 10 and 100 mg/L (nominal). The mobility of the water flea was monitored after 24 and 48 h. The test item concentrations were analytically verified using ICP-MS at the beginning and at the end of the test. The analytical recovery of the test substance in the medium was between 99 and 109%. Therefore the results were expressed in nominal concentrations. No toxic effects were observed up to the highest tested concentration resulting in an EC50 (48 h) of > 100 mg/L (nominal). On the basis of these results it is concluded, that no toxic effects arise from strontium tartrate and its dissociation ionic species (tartrate di-anion and strontium cation) up to the tested concentrations. Regarding the non-common compound - strontium -between the target and the source substance, further findings by Okamoto et al. 2014, who tested the toxicity of 50 metals to Daphnia magna according to OECD guideline 202 also concluded low acute toxic effects by strontium starting at concentrations higher than 120 mg pure strontium per L.

Based on the results of the read across substance and the fact that sodium is an essential element for life and highly available in water systems, no toxic effects are expected by disodium tartrate to aquatic invertebrates.

Reference:

Okamoto A., Yamamuro M., Tatarazako N. 2014 Acute toxicity of 50 metals to Daphnia magna: Acute toxicity of 50 metals to D. magna.Journal of Applied Toxicology. 35: 824-830