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EC number: 291-493-3 | CAS number: 90412-13-8
- Life Cycle description
- Uses advised against
- Endpoint summary
- Appearance / physical state / colour
- Melting point / freezing point
- Boiling point
- Density
- Particle size distribution (Granulometry)
- Vapour pressure
- Partition coefficient
- Water solubility
- Solubility in organic solvents / fat solubility
- Surface tension
- Flash point
- Auto flammability
- Flammability
- Explosiveness
- Oxidising properties
- Oxidation reduction potential
- Stability in organic solvents and identity of relevant degradation products
- Storage stability and reactivity towards container material
- Stability: thermal, sunlight, metals
- pH
- Dissociation constant
- Viscosity
- Additional physico-chemical information
- Additional physico-chemical properties of nanomaterials
- Nanomaterial agglomeration / aggregation
- Nanomaterial crystalline phase
- Nanomaterial crystallite and grain size
- Nanomaterial aspect ratio / shape
- Nanomaterial specific surface area
- Nanomaterial Zeta potential
- Nanomaterial surface chemistry
- Nanomaterial dustiness
- Nanomaterial porosity
- Nanomaterial pour density
- Nanomaterial photocatalytic activity
- Nanomaterial radical formation potential
- Nanomaterial catalytic activity
- Endpoint summary
- Stability
- Biodegradation
- Bioaccumulation
- Transport and distribution
- Environmental data
- Additional information on environmental fate and behaviour
- Ecotoxicological Summary
- Aquatic toxicity
- Endpoint summary
- Short-term toxicity to fish
- Long-term toxicity to fish
- Short-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Long-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Toxicity to aquatic algae and cyanobacteria
- Toxicity to aquatic plants other than algae
- Toxicity to microorganisms
- Endocrine disrupter testing in aquatic vertebrates – in vivo
- Toxicity to other aquatic organisms
- Sediment toxicity
- Terrestrial toxicity
- Biological effects monitoring
- Biotransformation and kinetics
- Additional ecotoxological information
- Toxicological Summary
- Toxicokinetics, metabolism and distribution
- Acute Toxicity
- Irritation / corrosion
- Sensitisation
- Repeated dose toxicity
- Genetic toxicity
- Carcinogenicity
- Toxicity to reproduction
- Specific investigations
- Exposure related observations in humans
- Toxic effects on livestock and pets
- Additional toxicological data
Acute Toxicity: inhalation
Administrative data
- Endpoint:
- acute toxicity: inhalation
- Type of information:
- other: read-across from supporting substance (structural analogue or surrogate)
- Adequacy of study:
- key study
- Study period:
- June 1977
- Reliability:
- 2 (reliable with restrictions)
- Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:
- study well documented, meets generally accepted scientific principles, acceptable for assessment
Data source
Reference
- Reference Type:
- study report
- Title:
- Unnamed
- Year:
- 1 977
Materials and methods
- Principles of method if other than guideline:
- Test group (10/rat/sex): a single maximum concentration of test substance as a dust by inhalation (nose only) over a period of 4 hours.
Control group (5/rat/sex): atmosphere of filtered air under similar conditions as test group. - GLP compliance:
- no
- Test type:
- fixed concentration procedure
Test material
- Reference substance name:
- Similar Substance 01
- IUPAC Name:
- Similar Substance 01
- Test material form:
- solid: particulate/powder
Constituent 1
Test animals
- Species:
- rat
- Strain:
- Sprague-Dawley
- Sex:
- male/female
- Details on test animals or test system and environmental conditions:
- TEST ANIMALS
- Source: Charles River Laboratories
- Age at study initiation: aged 7 - 8 weeks
- Weight at study initiation: 180 - 200 g
- Housing: group of 5 by sex
- Diet: ad libitum except during exposure period
- Water: ad libitum except during exposure period
- Acclimation period: 15 days
ENVIRONMENTAL CONDITIONS
- Temperature: 22 ± 3 °C
- Humidity: 50 ± 10 %
- Air changes: 8 -10 air changes per hour
- Photoperiod: controlled lighting conditions
Administration / exposure
- Route of administration:
- inhalation: dust
- Type of inhalation exposure:
- nose only
- Vehicle:
- other: dried air
- Details on inhalation exposure:
- GENERATION OF TEST ATMOSPHERE / CHAMBER DESCRIPTION
- Exposure apparatus: Timbrell dust generator
- Exposure chamber volume: 7 litres capacity
- Flow rate: 10 l/min
TEST ATMOSPHERE: mean particle size of the respirable fraction of the atmosphere generated was 1.83 µm. - Analytical verification of test atmosphere concentrations:
- yes
- Remarks:
- gravimetric analysis
- Duration of exposure:
- 4 h
- Concentrations:
- 1.88 mg/l (gravimetric analysis)
43.8 mg/l (nominal concentration) - No. of animals per sex per dose:
- test group: 10/sex
control group: 5/sex - Control animals:
- yes
- Details on study design:
- - Duration of observation period following administration: 14 days
- Frequency of observations: daily
- Frequency of weighing: 1 day before exposure and on day 1, 2, 4,8, 11 and 15 after exposure.
- Necropsy of survivors performed: yes, if no deaths accurred during exposure, 1 male and 1 female from each group were killed and subjected to gross necropsy.
Results and discussion
Effect levelsopen allclose all
- Sex:
- male/female
- Dose descriptor:
- LC50
- Effect level:
- > 1.88 mg/L air
- Based on:
- test mat.
- Exp. duration:
- 4 h
- Sex:
- male/female
- Dose descriptor:
- LC0
- Effect level:
- ca. 1.88 mg/L air
- Based on:
- test mat.
- Exp. duration:
- 4 h
- Mortality:
- No deaths occurred during exposure or during the observation period as a result of exposure to test substance. One female treated rat suffocated as a result of turning around in the restraining tube. A planned sacrifice was made of 1 male treated rat, 1 male control and 1 female control rat after exposure to assess the degree of primary lung irritation.
- Clinical signs:
- other: Male and female animals reacted in the same way to the dust. All animals developed chromodacryorrhoea during exposure for a few hours post exposure. The respiration was shallow after exposure but returned to normal an the day after exposure. The faeces we
- Body weight:
- The mean body weights of the male and female control rats rose throughout the experiment, slowly until day 2 but thereafter more rapidly. The mean body weight of the treated rats was depressed following exposure but rose steadily during the observation period.
- Gross pathology:
- All control rats and the majority of the treated rats sacrificed after the observation period showed a moderate degree of pulmonary congestion, and pulmonary oedema was noted in some control rats. The female rat which died during exposure and the male rat which was sacrificed immediately after exposure showed only slight pulmonary congestion. No lesions were seen in the other major organs examined.
Any other information on results incl. tables
Atmosphere control
The heterogeneous nature of the article did not facilitate the generation of an atmosphere with a uniformly small particle size. lt is believed that the apparent low percentage transfer of dust from the generator to the sample orifice on the side of the exposure chamber was due to:
(i) deposition of the larger particles on the generator transfer pipe
(ii) production of a heterogeneous atmosphere in the exposure chamber. Observation of the floor of the exposure chamber after exposure showed a higher deposit of dust in the centre. Consequently the atmosphere probably had a higher concentration of aerodynamically less stable, larger particles in the centre. Therefore, samples drawn from the side of the chamber did not contain a representative fraction of all particles produced, but only those which were available to the animals.
Applicant's summary and conclusion
- Interpretation of results:
- other: CLP Criteria not met
- Conclusions:
- LC50 > 1.88 mg/l after a 4-hour exposure.
- Executive summary:
Method
A single maximum concentration of test substance was given to 20 rats (10 male, 10 female) as a dust by inhalation (nose only) over a period of 4 hours. A further 10 rats (5 male, 5 female) were exposed under similar conditions to an atmosphere of filtered air. The concentration of test substance measured by gravimetric analysis was 1.88 mg/l.
Aerodynamic mass median diameter of dust particles was 1.83 µm.
Results
No substance-related deaths occurred during exposure nor in the following observation period.
All treated animals showed the following signs for 1 -2 days post exposure: chromodacryorrhoea, shallow respiration, discoloured faeces, stained and ruffled fur.
The animals remained alert and their pelts remained stained throughout the observation period. The control animals had chromodacryorrhoea and nasal secretion on the exposure day only. The pelts remained ruffled throughout the observation period.
Mean body weights of male and female control rats rose throughout the experiment, slowly until day 2 but thereafter more rapidly.
The mean body weight of the treated rats was depressed following exposure but rose steadily during the observation period.
Pulmonary congestion was noted in all the control animais. In the treatment group there was a slight to moderate degree of pulmonary congestion in the rats, which were sacrificed at the end of the 14-day observation period.
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