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Please be aware that this old REACH registration data factsheet is no longer maintained; it remains frozen as of 19th May 2023.
The new ECHA CHEM database has been released by ECHA, and it now contains all REACH registration data. There are more details on the transition of ECHA's published data to ECHA CHEM here.
Diss Factsheets
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EC number: 946-329-1 | CAS number: -
- Life Cycle description
- Uses advised against
- Endpoint summary
- Appearance / physical state / colour
- Melting point / freezing point
- Boiling point
- Density
- Particle size distribution (Granulometry)
- Vapour pressure
- Partition coefficient
- Water solubility
- Solubility in organic solvents / fat solubility
- Surface tension
- Flash point
- Auto flammability
- Flammability
- Explosiveness
- Oxidising properties
- Oxidation reduction potential
- Stability in organic solvents and identity of relevant degradation products
- Storage stability and reactivity towards container material
- Stability: thermal, sunlight, metals
- pH
- Dissociation constant
- Viscosity
- Additional physico-chemical information
- Additional physico-chemical properties of nanomaterials
- Nanomaterial agglomeration / aggregation
- Nanomaterial crystalline phase
- Nanomaterial crystallite and grain size
- Nanomaterial aspect ratio / shape
- Nanomaterial specific surface area
- Nanomaterial Zeta potential
- Nanomaterial surface chemistry
- Nanomaterial dustiness
- Nanomaterial porosity
- Nanomaterial pour density
- Nanomaterial photocatalytic activity
- Nanomaterial radical formation potential
- Nanomaterial catalytic activity
- Endpoint summary
- Stability
- Biodegradation
- Bioaccumulation
- Transport and distribution
- Environmental data
- Additional information on environmental fate and behaviour
- Ecotoxicological Summary
- Aquatic toxicity
- Endpoint summary
- Short-term toxicity to fish
- Long-term toxicity to fish
- Short-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Long-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Toxicity to aquatic algae and cyanobacteria
- Toxicity to aquatic plants other than algae
- Toxicity to microorganisms
- Endocrine disrupter testing in aquatic vertebrates – in vivo
- Toxicity to other aquatic organisms
- Sediment toxicity
- Terrestrial toxicity
- Biological effects monitoring
- Biotransformation and kinetics
- Additional ecotoxological information
- Toxicological Summary
- Toxicokinetics, metabolism and distribution
- Acute Toxicity
- Irritation / corrosion
- Sensitisation
- Repeated dose toxicity
- Genetic toxicity
- Carcinogenicity
- Toxicity to reproduction
- Specific investigations
- Exposure related observations in humans
- Toxic effects on livestock and pets
- Additional toxicological data
Toxicological Summary
- Administrative data
- Workers - Hazard via inhalation route
- Workers - Hazard via dermal route
- Workers - Hazard for the eyes
- Additional information - workers
- General Population - Hazard via inhalation route
- General Population - Hazard via dermal route
- General Population - Hazard via oral route
- General Population - Hazard for the eyes
- Additional information - General Population
Administrative data
Workers - Hazard via inhalation route
Systemic effects
Long term exposure
- Hazard assessment conclusion:
- DNEL (Derived No Effect Level)
- Value:
- 16.74 mg/m³
- Most sensitive endpoint:
- repeated dose toxicity
- Route of original study:
- Oral
DNEL related information
- DNEL derivation method:
- ECHA REACH Guidance
- Overall assessment factor (AF):
- 50
- Dose descriptor starting point:
- NOAEL
- Value:
- 339 mg/kg bw/day
- Modified dose descriptor starting point:
- NOAEC
- Value:
- 836.79 mg/m³
- Explanation for the modification of the dose descriptor starting point:
A NOAEL of 339 mg/kg bw /day was derived by quantitative read-across from the source substance zinc sulfate. Zinc sulfate was tested in a sub-chronic repeated dose oral toxicity study in rats (Maita et al. 1981). This value was converted into the corrected inhalatory NOAEC taking into account the standard respiratory factor of 1/0.38 m3/kg/day, the absorption rates (oral 100 %, inhalation 100 %), the standard respiratory volume in humans/ worker respiratory volume (6.7 m3 (8 h) / 10 m3 (8 h) and the correction factor between human and experimental exposure conditions workers (5 working days vs. 7 days continuous exposure) of 1.4.
NOAEC corrected = 339 mg/kg bw/day * 1/0.38 m³/kg/day * 100/100 * (6.7 m³/10 m³) * 1.4 = 836.79 mg/m³
- AF for dose response relationship:
- 1
- Justification:
- default (three doses were tested, using a spacing range of 10 fold)
- AF for differences in duration of exposure:
- 2
- Justification:
- sub-chronic (90 d) to chronic
- AF for interspecies differences (allometric scaling):
- 1
- Justification:
- No allometric scaling should be applied in case of oral-to-inhalation extrapolation
- AF for other interspecies differences:
- 2.5
- Justification:
- default; no substance and route specific information on toxicokinetic and toxicodynamic is available for animals and humans
- AF for intraspecies differences:
- 5
- Justification:
- default for workers
- AF for the quality of the whole database:
- 2
- Justification:
- read-across, no guideline followed
- AF for remaining uncertainties:
- 1
- Justification:
- No remaining uncertainties
Acute/short term exposure
- Hazard assessment conclusion:
- no hazard identified
DNEL related information
Local effects
Long term exposure
- Hazard assessment conclusion:
- no hazard identified
Acute/short term exposure
- Hazard assessment conclusion:
- no hazard identified
DNEL related information
Workers - Hazard via dermal route
Systemic effects
Long term exposure
- Hazard assessment conclusion:
- DNEL (Derived No Effect Level)
- Value:
- 23.73 mg/kg bw/day
- Most sensitive endpoint:
- repeated dose toxicity
- Route of original study:
- Oral
DNEL related information
- DNEL derivation method:
- ECHA REACH Guidance
- Overall assessment factor (AF):
- 200
- Dose descriptor starting point:
- NOAEL
- Value:
- 339 mg/kg bw/day
- Modified dose descriptor starting point:
- NOAEL
- Value:
- 4 746 mg/kg bw/day
- Explanation for the modification of the dose descriptor starting point:
A NOAEL of 339 mg/kg bw /day was derived by quantitative read-across from the source substance zinc sulfate. Zinc sulfate was tested in a sub-chronic repeated dose oral toxicity study in rats (Maita et al. 1981).
The dose descriptor starting point is obtained by conversion of the oral NOAEL of 339 mg/kg bw to a dermal NOAEL taking into account an oral absorption of 100% and a dermal absorption of 10 % (please refer to the toxicokinetic endpoint) and a correction factor of 1.4 for human and experimental exposure conditions (5 working days vs. 7 days continuous exposure).
NOAEL corrected = 339 mg/kg bw/day * 1/0.1 * 1.4 = 4746 mg/kg bw/day
- AF for dose response relationship:
- 1
- Justification:
- default (three doses were tested, using a spacing range of 10 fold)
- AF for differences in duration of exposure:
- 2
- Justification:
- sub-chronic (90 d) to chronic
- AF for interspecies differences (allometric scaling):
- 4
- Justification:
- allometric scaling (rat to human)
- AF for other interspecies differences:
- 2.5
- Justification:
- default; no substance and route specific information on toxicokinetic and toxicodynamic is available for animals and humans
- AF for intraspecies differences:
- 5
- Justification:
- default for workers
- AF for the quality of the whole database:
- 2
- Justification:
- read-across, no guideline followed
- AF for remaining uncertainties:
- 1
- Justification:
- No remaining uncertainties
Acute/short term exposure
- Hazard assessment conclusion:
- no hazard identified
DNEL related information
Local effects
Long term exposure
- Hazard assessment conclusion:
- no hazard identified
Acute/short term exposure
- Hazard assessment conclusion:
- no hazard identified
Workers - Hazard for the eyes
Local effects
- Hazard assessment conclusion:
- no hazard identified
Additional information - workers
General Population - Hazard via inhalation route
Systemic effects
Long term exposure
- Hazard assessment conclusion:
- DNEL (Derived No Effect Level)
- Value:
- 2.51 mg/m³
- Most sensitive endpoint:
- repeated dose toxicity
- Route of original study:
- Oral
DNEL related information
- DNEL derivation method:
- ECHA REACH Guidance
- Overall assessment factor (AF):
- 100
- Dose descriptor starting point:
- NOAEL
- Value:
- 339 mg/kg bw/day
- Modified dose descriptor starting point:
- NOAEC
- Value:
- 251.11 mg/m³
- Explanation for the modification of the dose descriptor starting point:
A NOAEL of 339 mg/kg bw /day was derived by quantitative read-across from the source substance zinc sulfate. Zinc sulfate was tested in a sub-chronic repeated dose oral toxicity study in rats (Maita et al. 1981). This value was converted into the corrected inhalatory NOAEC taking into account the standard respiratory factor of sRV (standard respiratory volume of rats during 24 hours) of 1.35 m3/kg/day (human of 60 kg) and the absorption rate (oral 100 %, inhalation 100 %).
NOAEC corrected = 339 mg/kg bw/day * 1/1.35 m³/kg/day * 100/100 = 251.11 mg/m³
- AF for dose response relationship:
- 1
- Justification:
- default (three doses were tested, using a spacing range of 10 fold)
- AF for differences in duration of exposure:
- 2
- Justification:
- sub-chronic (90 d) to chronic
- AF for interspecies differences (allometric scaling):
- 1
- Justification:
- No allometric scaling should be applied in case of oral-to-inhalation extrapolation
- AF for other interspecies differences:
- 2.5
- Justification:
- default; no substance and route specific information on toxicokinetic and toxicodynamic is available for animals and humans
- AF for intraspecies differences:
- 10
- Justification:
- default for general population
- AF for the quality of the whole database:
- 2
- Justification:
- read-across, no guideline followed
- AF for remaining uncertainties:
- 1
- Justification:
- No remaining uncertainties
Acute/short term exposure
- Hazard assessment conclusion:
- no hazard identified
DNEL related information
Local effects
Long term exposure
- Hazard assessment conclusion:
- no hazard identified
Acute/short term exposure
- Hazard assessment conclusion:
- no hazard identified
DNEL related information
General Population - Hazard via dermal route
Systemic effects
Long term exposure
- Hazard assessment conclusion:
- DNEL (Derived No Effect Level)
- Value:
- 8.48 mg/kg bw/day
- Most sensitive endpoint:
- repeated dose toxicity
- Route of original study:
- Oral
DNEL related information
- DNEL derivation method:
- ECHA REACH Guidance
- Overall assessment factor (AF):
- 400
- Dose descriptor starting point:
- NOAEL
- Value:
- 339 mg/kg bw/day
- Modified dose descriptor starting point:
- NOAEL
- Value:
- 3 390 mg/kg bw/day
- Explanation for the modification of the dose descriptor starting point:
A NOAEL of 339 mg/kg bw /day was derived by quantitative read-across from the source substance zinc sulfate. Zinc sulfate was tested in a sub-chronic repeated dose oral toxicity study in rats (Maita et al. 1981). This value was converted into a dermal NOAEL taking into account an oral absorption of 100% and a dermal absorption of 10 % (please refer to the toxicokinetic endpoint).
NOAEL corrected = 339 mg/kg bw/day * 1/0.1 = 3390 mg/kg bw/day
- AF for dose response relationship:
- 1
- Justification:
- default (three doses were tested, using a spacing range of 10 fold)
- AF for differences in duration of exposure:
- 2
- Justification:
- sub-chronic (90 d) to chronic
- AF for interspecies differences (allometric scaling):
- 4
- Justification:
- allometric scaling (rat to human)
- AF for other interspecies differences:
- 2.5
- Justification:
- default; no substance and route specific information on toxicokinetic and toxicodynamic is available for animals and humans
- AF for intraspecies differences:
- 10
- Justification:
- default for general population
- AF for the quality of the whole database:
- 2
- Justification:
- read-across, no guideline followed
- AF for remaining uncertainties:
- 1
- Justification:
- No remaining uncertainties
Acute/short term exposure
- Hazard assessment conclusion:
- no hazard identified
DNEL related information
Local effects
Long term exposure
- Hazard assessment conclusion:
- no hazard identified
Acute/short term exposure
- Hazard assessment conclusion:
- no hazard identified
General Population - Hazard via oral route
Systemic effects
Long term exposure
- Hazard assessment conclusion:
- DNEL (Derived No Effect Level)
- Value:
- 0.85 mg/kg bw/day
- Most sensitive endpoint:
- repeated dose toxicity
- Route of original study:
- Oral
DNEL related information
- DNEL derivation method:
- ECHA REACH Guidance
- Overall assessment factor (AF):
- 400
- Dose descriptor starting point:
- NOAEL
- Value:
- 339 mg/kg bw/day
- Modified dose descriptor starting point:
- NOAEL
- Value:
- 339 mg/kg bw/day
- Explanation for the modification of the dose descriptor starting point:
not relevant, no route-to-route extrapolation required
- AF for dose response relationship:
- 1
- Justification:
- default (three doses were tested, using a spacing range of 10 fold)
- AF for differences in duration of exposure:
- 2
- Justification:
- sub-chronic (90 d) to chronic
- AF for interspecies differences (allometric scaling):
- 4
- Justification:
- allometric scaling (rat to human)
- AF for other interspecies differences:
- 2.5
- Justification:
- default; no substance and route specific information on toxicokinetic and toxicodynamic is available for animals and humans
- AF for intraspecies differences:
- 10
- Justification:
- default for general population
- AF for the quality of the whole database:
- 2
- Justification:
- read-across, no guideline followed
- AF for remaining uncertainties:
- 1
- Justification:
- No remaining uncertainties
Acute/short term exposure
- Hazard assessment conclusion:
- no hazard identified
DNEL related information
General Population - Hazard for the eyes
Local effects
- Hazard assessment conclusion:
- no hazard identified
Additional information - General Population
Information on Registered Substances comes from registration dossiers which have been assigned a registration number. The assignment of a registration number does however not guarantee that the information in the dossier is correct or that the dossier is compliant with Regulation (EC) No 1907/2006 (the REACH Regulation). This information has not been reviewed or verified by the Agency or any other authority. The content is subject to change without prior notice.
Reproduction or further distribution of this information may be subject to copyright protection. Use of the information without obtaining the permission from the owner(s) of the respective information might violate the rights of the owner.